National Defence University, Pakistan

About: National Defence University, Pakistan is a education organization based out in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Decision support system & Population. The organization has 802 authors who have published 816 publications receiving 3701 citations. The organization is also known as: National Defence University of Pakistan & National Defence University Islamabad.

Green Marketing Strategies : Paradigms and Assessment

Abstract: The current study also attempts to contribute significantly in this regard, as it attempts to map relationships between value systems and attitude towards green buying behavior. This study postulates that Environmental Value (EnV) forms the GA, which endorses CBB. After a careful literature review it has been revealed that very limited studies have attempted to map this relationship thread lending credence to the current study. The results indicate that the correlation coefficient achieved a value of 0 .275 0 significant at a P-value of 0.001*. The Cronbachs α value achieved for the EnV is 0.747 which is also significant, indicating that the overall results endorse the postulate of the current research that, EnV is also a principle variable other than CV to map CBB for the case of mapping green buying behavior

Development of the space-time structure of the methodology for modeling the behavior of antagonistic agents of the security system

Abstract: The rapid development of computer technology, the emergence of modern cyber threats with signs of hybridity and synergy put forward strict requirements for the economic component of national security and especially the processes of ensuring the economy cybersecurity. The cybersecurity industry is trying to meet today's requirements by introducing new and more advanced security technologies and methods, but it is believed that such a universal approach is not enough. The study is devoted to resolving the objective contradiction between the growing practical requirements for an appropriate level of cybersecurity of business process contours while increasing the number and technological complexity of cybersecurity threats. Also the fact that threats acquire hybrid features on the one hand, and imperfection, and sometimes the lack of methodology for modeling the behavior of interacting agents of security systems should be taken into account. However, this does not allow timely prediction of future actions of attackers, and as a result, determining the required level of investment in security, which will provide the required level of cybersecurity.The paper proposes the Concept of modeling the behavior of interacting agents, the basis of which is a three-level structure of modeling the subjects and business processes of the contours of the organization and security system, based on modeling the behavior of antagonistic agents. The proposed methodology for modeling the behavior of interacting agents, which is based on the Concept of behavior of antagonistic agents, allows assessing and increasing the current level of security by reducing the number of hybrid threats by 1.76 times, which reduces losses by 1.65 times and increases the time for choosing threat counteraction means by reducing the time to identify threats online by 38 %

Effect of silica surface modification in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] - Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene)(PVDF-HFP) ionogel

Abstract: The preparation and properties of surface modification of silica in [Bmim][BF4] -(PVDF-HFP) ionogel haves been investigated. The surface modification of silica was prepared via co condensation of sol gel method using silane coupling agent, vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES). The silica content was characterized and analyzed in term of chemical interaction and thermal stability. Hydrogen bond networks between BF4- and the hydroxyl group in the silica was suggested as the mechanism of this surface modification effect, which was characterized by FTIR. TGA and DSC analysis shows ionogel is stable up to around 475°C, at which a final one-step degradation occurs and increment of glass transition temperature (Tg). [Bmim][BF4] -PVDF-HFP prepared with 30%TEOS-VTES gives the highest value Tg (-81.86°C).

The Interplay of Social Policy and Suicide in Gilgit-Baltistan Region: What Went Wrong?

Abstract: Suicide has emerged as a serious social issue in the region of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) due to consistently rising suicidal thoughts and actions among young people. However, suicidal behaviours remained an under-researched subject in Pakistan. Consequently, the growing suicidal inclination in the Gilgit-Baltistan region has not yet received the due consideration of policy analysts and social scientists in general. Meanwhile, suicide has emerged as a leading cause of death among youth and a major public health issue signifying serious problems in the socio-cultural system of the country. The current research explores the socio-economic factors prompting individuals to commit suicide. Furthermore, the study asks what role the GB government and other stakeholders of social policy are playing in understanding and eliminating the tendency of suicidal ideation. The research was conducted in the Ghizer district using qualitative research methodology. Case study data were collected using in-depth interviews with suicide survivors and friends, parents and family members of those who committed suicide. The findings of this research reveal that forced marriages, educational pressures, financial crises, family conflicts and societal restrictions are the leading causes of the mounting suicides in the region. The government was unable to formulate a specific social policy to comprehend the causes of suicides in the area, nor did it make any substantial intervention to end this endemic trend. Finally, the study suggests that there is a dire need to conduct culture-specific research on this vital issue to grasp the grassroots understanding in order to formulate successful policy interventions.