National Defence University, Pakistan

About: National Defence University, Pakistan is a education organization based out in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Decision support system & Population. The organization has 802 authors who have published 816 publications receiving 3701 citations. The organization is also known as: National Defence University of Pakistan & National Defence University Islamabad.

Field Theory Approach In Kinetic Reaction: Role Of Random Sources And Sinks

Abstract: In the framework of a field theoretic model obtained by second quantization of Doi-type master equation, we investigate the effects of random sources and sinks on the reaction kinetics in the master-equation description. We show that random sources and sinks significantly affect the asymptotic behavior of the model and identify two universality classes when describing them using scaling analysis. We compare the results with the Langevin-equation description of the same process.

Effect of Ti Content on Microstructure and Wear Performance of TZM Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying Method

Abstract: In this study, changes in microstructure, hardness and wear performance of titanium–zirconium–molybdenum (TZM) alloys produced by mechanical alloying method with the addition of different amounts of titanium (Ti) were investigated. Mechanically alloyed powders were sintered at 1300 °C for 4 h under 10–6 mbar vacuum environment. The produced alloys were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM + EDS), X-ray diffraction, grain size distribution, hardness and density measurements. In the wear tests, three different loads and five different sliding distances were used. Results showed that the produced TZM alloys were porous, and the pores in the alloys containing 0.40% and 0.45% Ti were generally located on the grain boundaries. In alloys containing 0.50% Ti, inside the grain the pore sizes increase, while in the alloy containing 0.55% Ti, the pore sizes in grain boundary decrease. Grain size distribution results show that as the Ti content increased, the amount of grain size over 6 µm decreased and smaller than 6 µm increased. Hardness and density results show that while the hardness of TZM alloys produced increases depending on Ti content, their density decreases. The highest hardness was obtained in the TZM alloy containing 0.55% Ti, while the lowest density was obtained in the same alloy. Wear test results show that the lowest weight loss was obtained in TZM alloy containing the highest amount of Ti (0.55%) under all loads.

Reduction of Molybdenum Trioxide by Using Hydrogen

Abstract: Metallic molybdenum was synthesized through reduction of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) by using hydrogen as a reducing agent. The reduction behavior of MoO3 were investigated by using temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The reduced phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The XRD results indicate that the reduction of MoO3 proceed in two steps reduction (MoO3 → MoO2 → Mo) with formation of intermediate phases of Mo4O11 during first step of reduction. However, the TPR results showed only one broad peak that correspond to all reduction step that was merge into one peak. It seem that, increasing the temperature cause the rapid reduction that correlated with thermodynamic consideration data that show the formation of metallic molybdenum is become feasible by increasing the temperature.

Thermal, chemical and imaging analysis of Polyurethane / Cecabase modified bitumen

Abstract: In this study, a 60/70 penetration grade bitumen was modified with polyurethane (PU) added with a Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) additive, i.e. Cecabase, in the amount of 0.5 wt % with respect to bitumen. The thermal characterization was done using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) while the chemical analysis was done using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Raman Spectroscopy was used to characterize the asphaltic materials in the bitumen, namely the D (Defect) and G (Graphite) bands. Test results showed that adding PU and Cecabase to the bitumen slightly shifted the Tg and Tm peaks of the thermal behaviour. The result of FTIR showed that there was no shift in the carbonyl and sulfoxide peaks, which indicate that no chemical interaction occurred in the unmodified and modified bitumen. Furthermore, the Raman Spectroscopy investigation revealed that PU and Cecabase reduced the wax content and decreased the bee-structure of the bitumen samples. However, the order structures of unmodified and modified bitumen were still within the boundary limit of the D and G bands of the Raman spectra. In conclusion, the use of PU and Cecabase as bitumen modifier are promising for alternative source for bitumen.

Formation of Professional Competence of Future Officers of the Logistics Troops (Forces) Supply of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to identify the essence and basic principles of formation of professional competence of future logistics officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, to determine the algorithm of formation of professional competence by stages of professional training in the higher military educational institution, to identify methods and techniques corresponding to logistics. Research methods: theoretical analysis of primary sources, normative documents, conceptual principles of logistics; systematization, modeling, observation and testing. The results of the analysis revealed that the professional competence of future logistics officers is a personal education and an integral characteristic, which includes key and general competencies that are the result of training in higher military educational institution, covering the dynamic set of knowledge, skills and experience in this specialty, personal and socially significant qualities (ways of thinking, ability to self-study, learning styles, views, values, nature of behavior in unpredictable conditions, etc.) arising on the basis of the formed subject competences and provide an opportunity to perform the military logistics officer’s duties and professional tasks effectively. The principles of forming the professional competence of future logistics officers corresponding to their specialty as they are basic both in military-economic, and in pedagogical logistics are defined. These are: principle of systematization, principle of functionality, principle of integration and integrated goal setting, principle of «just in time», principle of «jit-reliability», principle of solving information problems by standardizing data, principle of prioritizing the needs of learners, principle of variability of strategies, methods and techniques, principle of focusing on the end result, principle of interaction of all components of the professional competence formation system, principle of coordination of actions of different divisions specialists. The influence of these principles on the formation of the future logistics officers’ professional competence is analyzed. An algorithm for the formation of professional competence was developed, which was modeled according to two opposite approaches – directions (direct and reverse): «bottom up», it means by stages of professional training in higher military educational institution – a sequence of courses, semesters and levels of training (bachelor, master) of future officers; and «top-down», it means from the principles of professional competence formation through the construction of a «goal tree» and the definition of its components (key competencies) and their manifestations in the material of subjects that form general subject competencies, to building a «competence tree» and designing them for each discipline and definition of subject competencies. There are a number of teaching methods and techniques that take into account the specifics of logistics, such as: methods of empirical adult learning, problem-based learning, the method of planned mistakes, visualization methods, methods of press conferences, dialogue, discussions, brainstorming techniques, case studies, which should be used in the educational process to form the professional competence of future logistics officers. Conclusions: the purpose of the study is achieved.