National Defence University, Pakistan

About: National Defence University, Pakistan is a education organization based out in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Decision support system & Population. The organization has 802 authors who have published 816 publications receiving 3701 citations. The organization is also known as: National Defence University of Pakistan & National Defence University Islamabad.

Structural, electronic and optical properties of Nd-doped anatase TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cells from density functional theory

Abstract: The structural, electronic and optical properties of pure and neodymium (Nd) doped anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) are investigated via first-principles calculations within density functional theory (DFT) approach. The band gap reduces to ~0.398 eV when Ti4+ is substituted with Nd3+ in TiO2 crystal structure. The presence of Nd 4f states in the conduction band of TiO2 clarifies the reducing of the band gap. The dielectric constant and refractive index of Nd-doped TiO2 increase compare to pure TiO2. Nd-doped TiO2 able to enhance light absorption to longer wavelength spectrum. The first-principles results obtained satisfy the criteria for Nd-doped TiO2 to become feasible photoanode material in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device.

The Place of High Speed Crafts (HSCs) in Maritime Transportation

Abstract: Transportation involves all concepts of distance, speed, and time. Maritime transportation is one of the oldest methods of transportation. Continuous demand for high speed in shipping has led to the emergence of High Speed Craft (HSC). The growing number of HSCs has necessitated the development of new safety concepts for such vessels and waters where they navigate. The navigation on HSC requires great/high attention. Safety of navigation is very important for preventing accidents and marine pollutions. The main causes of accidents in HSCs are related to bridge personnel and bridge operations. It is observed that human factor and safety of navigation are prominent.

CPEC and Pakistan-India Economic Integration: Prospects and Challenges

Abstract: The persisting economic advancements in Asia indicate Asia’s rise in the middle of this century. In this connection, China’s initiative about CPEC will play pivotal role to upsurge the economies in Asia and beyond. In South Asia, India and Pakistan are traditional rivals since their inception and are reluctant in establishing trade relations. However, CPEC offers them the concurrence for economic integration to upraise their economies. The two states might be convinced to trade by addressing their concerns i.e. high tariffs, trade bans, quota restrictions, customs clearance, issuance of visas, conducive financial services, opening new entry and exit points and by providing access to their markets on reciprocal basis. By providing transit trade facility to each other, both the states will exacerbate their trade activities within and outside the region. Pak-India economic integration will lead towards win-win position and will bring prosperity that will have a spill over impact in maintaining peace between them. This paper aims to highlight contours of Pak-India economic integration from the prism of CPEC along with perceived challenges.

The outcome of combining home based and clinic based amblyopia therapy among preschool children.

Abstract: This study determined the outcome of combining home based and clinic based amblyopia therapy among preschool children. A total of 479 preschool children were randomly selected for vision screening. Amblyopic therapy was prescribed to children whose visual acuity (VA) could not be improved to <0.1 LogMAR after a 6 week adaptation period with glasses. Intensive near work activities were conducted daily at home for 12 weeks, monitored by parents while weekly therapy was conducted at the optometry clinic by an optometrist. Six preschool children were diagnosed with refractive amblyopia, spherical equivalent (SE) was -11.25D to +0.75D. Significant improvement was found in the VA of right eye, t(6) = 3.07, left eye t(6) = 3.07 and both eyes t(6) = 3.42) p<0.05, at the end of the 12 week therapy. Combining home based and clinic based amblyopia therapy among preschool children showed a positive improvement in VA after 12 weeks of therapy.