National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

About: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a government organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 22114 authors who have published 65856 publications receiving 1669827 citations. The organization is also known as: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho.

From Metal–Organic Framework to Nanoporous Carbon: Toward a Very High Surface Area and Hydrogen Uptake

Abstract: In this work, with a zeolite-type metal-organic framework as both a precursor and a template and furfuryl alcohol as a second precursor, nanoporous carbon material has been prepared with an unexpectedly high surface area (3405 m(2)/g, BET method) and considerable hydrogen storage capacity (2.77 wt % at 77 K and 1 atm) as well as good electrochemical properties as an electrode material for electric double layer capacitors. The pore structure and surface area of the resultant carbon materials can be tuned simply by changing the calcination temperature.

Catalysis of Gold Nanoparticles Deposited on Metal Oxides

Abstract: Gold in bulk is chemically inert and has often been regarded to be poorly active as a catalyst. However, when gold is small enough—with particle diameters below 10 nm—it turns out to be surprisingly active for many reactions, such as CO oxidation and propylene epoxidation. This is especially so at low temperatures. Here, a summary of the catalysis of Au nanoparticles deposited on base metal oxides is presented. The catalytic performance of Au is defined by three major factors: contact structure, support selection, and particle size, the first of which being the most important because the perimeter interfaces around Au particles act as the site for reaction.

Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of Pt Subnanoclusters on Graphene Nanosheet Surface

Abstract: Graphene nanosheet (GNS) gives rise to an extraordinary modification to the properties of Pt cluster electrocatalysts supported on it. The Pt/GNS electrocatalyst revealed an unusually high activity for methanol oxidation reaction compared to Pt/carbon black catalyst. The Pt/GNS electrocatalyst also revealed quite a different characteristic for CO oxidation among the measured catalyst samples. It is found that Pt particles below 0.5 nm in size are formed on GNS, which would acquire the specific electronic structures of Pt, modifying its catalytic activities.

When Gold Is Not Noble: Catalysis by Nanoparticles

Abstract: Bulk gold is chemically inert and is generally regarded as a poor catalyst. However, when gold is in very small particles with diameters below 10 nm and is deposited on metal oxides or activated carbon, it becomes surprisingly active, especially at low temperatures, for many reactions such as CO oxidation and propylene epoxidation. The catalytic performance of Au is defined by three major factors: contact structure, support selection, and particle size. The role of the perimeter interfaces of Au particles as the sites for reactions is discussed as well as the change in chemical reactivity of Au clusters composed of fewer than 300 atoms.