National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

About: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a government organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 22114 authors who have published 65856 publications receiving 1669827 citations. The organization is also known as: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho.

Photoluminescence of ZnO nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in different surfactant solutions.

Abstract: ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation of a zinc metal plate in a liquid environment using different surfactant (cationic, anionic, amphoteric, and nonionic) solutions. The nanoparticles were obtained in deionized water and in all surfactant solutions except the anionic surfactant solution. The average particle size and the standard deviation of particle size decreased with increasing amphoteric and nonionic surfactant concentrations. With the increase of the amphoteric surfactant concentration, the intensity of the defect emission caused by oxygen vacancies of ZnO rapidly decreased, while the exciton emission intensity increased. This indicates that anionic oxygen in the amphoteric surfactant molecules effectively occupied the oxygen vacancy sites at the ZnO nanoparticle surface due to charge matching with the positively charged ZnO nanoparticles.

Metal-Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Hydrogen Generation from Formic Acid

Abstract: ConspectusTo meet the ever-increasing energy demand, the development of effective, renewable, and environmentally friendly sources of alternative energy is imperative Hydrogen (H2) is a renewable, clean energy carrier, which exhibits a threefold energy density compared to gasoline; H2 is considered one of the most promising alternative energy carriers for enabling a secure, clean energy future However, the realization of a hydrogen economy is restricted by several unresolved issues Particularly, one of the most difficult challenges is the development of a safe, efficient hydrogen storage and delivery system To this end, hydrogen storage techniques based on liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage materials have become an attractive choiceFormic acid (FA) with a high volumetric capacity of 53 g H2/L demonstrates promise as a safe, convenient liquid hydrogen carrier However, generating H2 from FA in a controlled manner at ambient temperature is still challenging, which primarily depends on the catalyst

Tunable room-temperature single-photon emission at telecom wavelengths from sp3 defects in carbon nanotubes

Abstract: Generating quantum light emitters that operate at room temperature and at telecom wavelengths remains a significant materials challenge. To achieve this goal requires light sources that emit in the near-infrared wavelength region and that, ideally, are tunable to allow desired output wavelengths to be accessed in a controllable manner. Here, we show that exciton localization at covalently introduced aryl sp3 defect sites in single-walled carbon nanotubes provides a route to room-temperature single-photon emission with ultrahigh single-photon purity (99%) and enhanced emission stability approaching the shot-noise limit. Moreover, we demonstrate that the inherent optical tunability of single-walled carbon nanotubes, present in their structural diversity, allows us to generate room-temperature single-photon emission spanning the entire telecom band. Single-photon emission deep into the centre of the telecom C band (1.55 µm) is achieved at the largest nanotube diameters we explore (0.936 nm). Single-photon emission with 99% purity is generated from sp3 defects in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by optical excitation at room temperature. By increasing the CNT diameter from 0.76 nm to 0.94 nm, the emission wavelength can be changed from 1,100 nm to 1,600 nm.

Ru/ITO: A Carbon-Free Cathode for Nonaqueous Li–O2 Battery

Abstract: Ru nanoparticles deposited on a conductive support indium tin oxide (Ru/ITO) were applied as a carbon-free cathode in a nonaqueous Li-O2 battery. The Li-O2 battery with Ru/ITO showed much lower charging overpotentials and better cycling performance at 0.15 mA/cm(2) than those with Super P (SP) and SP loaded with Ru nanoparticles (Ru/SP) as the cathodes. The carbon-free cathode Ru/ITO can effectively reduce formation of Li2CO3 or other Li carbonates in a discharging process, which cannot be completely decomposed upon charging, in comparison with the carbon based cathode. The improved performance of Ru/ITO can be attributed to the superior catalytic activity of Ru nanoparticles toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the absence of carbon that has been reported to react with Li2O2 to form Li2CO3.