National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

About: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a government organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 22114 authors who have published 65856 publications receiving 1669827 citations. The organization is also known as: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho.

Delamination of Layered Double Hydroxides Containing Amino Acids

Abstract: Various amino acids were intercalated into Mg−Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as interlayer anions. The goal of this approach was to create an interlayer environment that was attractive to formamide, because of hydrogen bonding, so that penetration of formamide would lead to delamination. Some of the amino acid intercalates were successfully delaminated in formamide, but others were not. The intercalates that could not be delaminated had a high amino acid content, exceeding 15−20% of the charge occupation rate. At that rate, closely packed amino acids were likely to be tightly connected to one another and to the host layers via hydrogen bonds, and therefore formamide presumably could not open or penetrate the interlayers in large volume. In contrast, there was not a clear lower threshold for charge occupation of amino acid; even LDH intercalates with charge occupations of less than 1% underwent delamination. Finally, M2+-Al LDH systems other than the Mg−Al system also underwent delamination.

A quinone-based oligomeric lithium salt for superior Li–organic batteries

Abstract: Organic electrode materials are promising alternatives to transition-metal based intercalation compounds for the next generation of high-performance and sustainable batteries. Herein, a novel quinone-based organic, lithium salt of poly(2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinonyl sulfide) (Li2PDHBQS), was successfully synthesized through a simple one-step polycondensation reaction, and applied as a cathode for Li–organic batteries. As an oligomeric lithium salt with average polymerization degree of 7, Li2PDHBQS combines the advantages of the O⋯Li⋯O coordination bond and increased molecular weight, thus solves absolutely the dissolution problem of active material in non-aqueous electrolytes, which has seriously hindered development of organic electrode materials. Benefiting from the high theoretical capacity, intrinsic insolubility, fast reaction kinetics of the quinone group, accelerated Li-ion transport and uniform blending with conductive carbon, as well as the stable amorphous structure, Li2PDHBQS shows superior comprehensive electrochemical performance including high reversible capacity (268 mA h g−1), high cycling stability (1500 cycles, 90%), high rate capability (5000 mA g−1, 83%) and high Coulombic efficiency (99.9–100.1%). Investigation of the structure–property relationship of Li2PDHBQS and its analogues also gives new insights into developing novel quinone-based organic electrode materials, for building better Li–organic or Na–organic batteries beyond traditional Li-ion batteries.

Lectin-based structural glycomics: glycoproteomics and glycan profiling.

Abstract: Structural glycomics (SG) plays a fundamental part of concurrent glycobiology aiming at comprehensive elucidation of glycan functions ( i.e. , functional glycomics) in the context of post-genome sciences. The SG project started in April 2003 and will continue for 3 years in the framework of NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Organization) under the METI (the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry), Japan. The main purpose of the project is the development of high-throughput and robust machines, which should greatly contribute to the structural analysis of complex glycans. In this chapter, 2 major research items, i.e. , (1) glycoproteomics, which enables comprehensive analysis of glycoproteins, and (2) "glycan profiling" by means of lectins, are described. For the latter, frontal affinity chromatography has been adopted as a starting tool for comprehensive analysis of the interaction of 100 lectins and 100 oligosaccharides under the concept of "hect-by-hect," which refers to 100 x 100.

Synthesis of MnO2 Nanoparticles Confined in Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Using a Sonochemical Method

Abstract: A sonochemical method has been successfully used in order to incorporate MnO2 nanoparticles inside the pore channels of CMK-3 ordered mesoporous carbon. Modification of the intrachannel surfaces of CMK-3 to make them hydrophilic enables KMnO4 to readily penetrate the pore channels. At the same time, the modification changes the surface reactivity, enabling the formation of MnO2 nanoparticles inside the pores of CMK-3 by the sonochemical reduction of metal ions. The resultant structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CMK-3 with 20 wt.-% loading of MnO2 inside CMK-3 delivered an improved discharge performance of 223 mA h g–1 at a relatively high rate of 1 A g–1. Almost no decrease in specific capacity is observed for the second cycle, and a discharge capacity of more than 165 mA h g–1 is retained after 100 cycles. This is attributed to the nanometer-sized MnO2 formed inside CMK-3 and the high surface area of the mesopores (3.1 nm) in which the MnO2 nanoparticles are formed.