National Institute of Technology, Karnataka

About: National Institute of Technology, Karnataka is a education organization based out in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Corrosion & Cloud computing. The organization has 5017 authors who have published 7057 publications receiving 70367 citations.

A Review: Desalination by Forward Osmosis

Abstract: Rapid population growth increases the demand for freshwater. Membrane technology is playing a dynamic role in the production of clean water from seawater and wastewater. The desalination of seawater using forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging technology to produce freshwater, as it is energy efficient than the conventional processes. In recent days, a significant amount of work has been carried out to produce high-performance FO membrane for desalination. In this chapter, usage of different types of membranes for FO desalination application and their performances enhancement by suitable modification has been discussed.

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Abstract: A scheme for consensus formation is considered wherein the value of a certain variable associated with the nodes of a network is fixed a priori for a prescribed set of K nodes, and allowed to propagate throughout the network through an averaging process that mimics a gossip algorithm. The objective is to find the best choice of these K nodes that will achieve the fastest convergence to consensus. This objective is captured by the Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue of the resultant sub-stochastic matrix, which then is the quantity one seeks to minimize. We propose an algorithm for this optimization problem, as well as a greedy scheme with some performance guarantees for a variant of the problem that seeks to minimize a simpler objective. Some other related formulations are also considered.

Assessment of soil erosion by RUSLE model using remote sensing and GIS - A case study of Nethravathi Basin

Abstract: Soil erosion is a serious problem arising from agricultural intensification, land degradation and other anthropogenic activities. Assessment of soil erosion is useful in planning and conservation works in a watershed or basin. Modelling can provide a quantitative and consistent approach to estimate soil erosion and sediment yield under a wide range of conditions. In the present study, the soil loss model, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) integrated with GIS has been used to estimate soil loss in the Nethravathi Basin located in the southwestern part of India. The Nethravathi Basin is a tropical coastal humid area having a drainage area of 3128 km 2 up to the gauging station. The parameters of RUSLE model were estimated using remote sensing data and the erosion probability zones were determined using GIS. The estimated rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topographic and crop management factors range from 2948.16 to 4711.4 MJ/mm·ha − 1 hr − 1 /year, 0.10 to 0.44 t ha − 1 ·MJ − 1 ·mm − 1 , 0 to 92,774 and 0 to 0.63 respectively. The results indicate that the estimated total annual potential soil loss of about 473,339 t/yr is comparable with the measured sediment of 441,870 t/yr during the water year 2002–2003. The predicted soil erosion rate due to increase in agricultural area is about 14,673.5 t/yr. The probability zone map has been derived by the weighted overlay index method indicate that the major portion of the study area comes under low probability zone and only a small portion comes under high and very high probability zone. The results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Nethravathi Basin.