Showing papers by "National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya published in 2015"
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid 1-bit full adder design employing both complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic and transmission gate logic is reported and is found to offer significant improvement in terms of power and speed.
Abstract: In this paper, a hybrid 1-bit full adder design employing both complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) logic and transmission gate logic is reported. The design was first implemented for 1 bit and then extended for 32 bit also. The circuit was implemented using Cadence Virtuoso tools in 180-and 90-nm technology. Performance parameters such as power, delay, and layout area were compared with the existing designs such as complementary pass-transistor logic, transmission gate adder, transmission function adder, hybrid pass-logic with static CMOS output drive full adder, and so on. For 1.8-V supply at 180-nm technology, the average power consumption (4.1563 $\mu $ W) was found to be extremely low with moderately low delay (224 ps) resulting from the deliberate incorporation of very weak CMOS inverters coupled with strong transmission gates. Corresponding values of the same were 1.17664 $\mu $ W and 91.3 ps at 90-nm technology operating at 1.2-V supply voltage. The design was further extended for implementing 32-bit full adder also, and was found to be working efficiently with only 5.578-ns (2.45-ns) delay and 112.79- $\mu $ W (53.36- $\mu $ W) power at 180-nm (90-nm) technology for 1.8-V (1.2-V) supply voltage. In comparison with the existing full adder designs, the present implementation was found to offer significant improvement in terms of power and speed.
215 citations
TL;DR: An unsupervised band selection method is proposed and shows promising results compared to four state-of-the-art methods to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: Curse of dimensionality is a major disadvantage for classification of hyperspectral imagery since a large number of bands need to be dealt with. Band selection is a task to reduce the number of bands. An unsupervised band selection method is proposed in this article. It is a three-step procedure. In the first step, characteristics (attributes) of the bands are found out. Next, redundancy among the bands is removed by executing clustering operation. At last, the remaining bands, which are nonredundant among themselves, are ranked according to their discriminating capability. Discriminating capability is calculated by measuring the capacitory discrimination of the bands. Results are compared with four state-of-the-art methods: a band elimination method, a ranking-based, and two clustering-based band selection methods to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Four evaluation measures, namely: 1) classification accuracy; 2) Kappa coefficient; 3) class separability, and 4) entropy, are calculated over the selected bands to assess the efficiency of the selected bands. The proposed method shows promising results compared to them.
62 citations
17 Nov 2015
TL;DR: Experiments illustrate that the parallel algorithm with time slicing not only speeds-up performance but also improves precision.
Abstract: We present XSpeed a parallel state-space exploration algorithm for continuous systems with linear dynamics and nondeterministic inputs. The motivation of having parallel algorithms is to exploit the computational power of multi-core processors to speed-up performance. The parallelization is achieved on two fronts. First, we propose a parallel implementation of the support function algorithm by sampling functions in parallel. Second, we propose a parallel state-space exploration by slicing the time horizon and computing the reachable states in the time slices in parallel. The second method can be however applied only to a class of linear systems with invertible dynamics and fixed input. A GP-GPU implementation is also presented following a lazy evaluation strategy on support functions. The parallel algorithms are implemented in the tool XSpeed. We evaluated the performance on two benchmarks including an 28 dimension Helicopter model. Comparison with the sequential counterpart shows a maximum speed-up of almost 7\(\times \) on a 6 core, 12 thread Intel Xeon CPU E5-2420 processor. Our GP-GPU implementation shows a maximum speed-up of 12\(\times \) over the sequential implementation and 53\(\times \) over SpaceEx (LGG scenario), the state of the art tool for reachability analysis of linear hybrid systems. Experiments illustrate that our parallel algorithm with time slicing not only speeds-up performance but also improves precision.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the nano-particulate ZnO with 0.5 and 1.5% ruthenium were prepared through a chemical route and structural characterization of the samples performed with XRD established that all the nanoparticles are of zinc oxide having polycrystalline nature.
Abstract: Doped and undoped specimens of nano-particulate ZnO with 0.5 wt% and 1 wt% ruthenium were prepared through a chemical route. Structural characterization of the samples performed with XRD established that all the nanoparticles are of zinc oxide having polycrystalline nature. Morphological studies were conducted using FESEM to confirm the grain size and texture. Electrical measurements showed that the ac conductivity increases with frequency but decreases with increasing ruthenium concentration, making it a potential option for device applications. It is found that the absorbance does not significantly change with doping. The above fact is further confirmed from the bandgap calculations using the reflectance graphs. A decrease of bandgap from 3.42 to 3.19 eV with increasing Ru concentration is observed making it an important and advantageous material for potential visible light photocatalytic applications involving metal oxide nanostructures.
26 citations
TL;DR: All-optical implementations of binary adders using MZI switches, which have been validated through numerical simulation of the switch models, are presented.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an electrohydraulic system with a proportional valve and industry-grade cylinder has been used to target the servoclass tracking performance, and a fuzzy-feedforward-bias controller has been developed and a genetic algorithm was used to optimize the controller parameters.
Abstract: An electrohydraulic system with a proportional valve and industry-grade cylinder has been used to target the servoclass tracking performance. Such systems have a wide range of heavy-duty applications, where the environment could be quite dirty along with the demands becoming faster and more precise every day. High static friction in the cylinder and large deadband of the valve in the system pose control challenges that are more severe than in a system with a servovalve and a low-friction cylinder. A fuzzy-feedforward-bias controller has been developed and a genetic algorithm has been used to optimize the controller parameters. The real-time control experiments revealed excellent tracking throughout the cycle for sinusoidal displacements beyond 1.5 Hz.
23 citations
01 Dec 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid wind-Solar-Micro-hydro power generation system is studied by controlling of a ballast load through the classical controllers: Integral (I), Proportional-Integral (PI), and PID.
Abstract: The reliability of the electricity generation from individual renewable energy source is less and, therefore, the recent trend is configuring hybrid generating system combining diversified type of renewable energy sources. This makes usage of the renewable energy sources more accessible. Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, Load Frequency Control (LFC) is a vital issue in order to avoid partial or complete collapse of the system. In this paper, we attempt to study a diversified renewable energy sources integrated system concentrating on LFC. In conventional power system, LFC is generally achieved through Automatic Generation Control (AGC). However, in renewable energy source based system the AGC is to be avoided to reduce cost. A ballast load at the output of renewable energy sources is the cheapest and feasible option to achieve LFC. The ballast load should be adjusted in such a way that energy generation would be matched with the total load power consumption along with the power dissipation in the ballast load. A hybrid Wind-Solar-Micro-Hydro power generation system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink platform. The LFC is studied by controlling of a ballast load through the classical controllers: Integral (I), Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID). The parameters of the controllers are optimized with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and compact approach for directivity enhancement of slot antenna using a grounded metamaterial slab is proposed, which has been applied in two different configurations, in the first configuration, two dielectric layers are used for designing antenna and in the second configuration, only a single layer is used to design both antenna and metammaterial slab.
Abstract: In this letter, a simple and compact approach for directivity enhancement of slot antenna using a grounded metamaterial slab is proposed. This approach has been applied in two different configurations. In the first configuration, two dielectric layers are used for designing antenna and metamaterial slab. Despite the directivity enhancement, an improved bandwidth of about 10.74% is obtained for this configuration. It is also shown that, over the whole working band, a significant broadside directivity improvement is maintained compared to the unloaded slot. In the second configuration, only a single layer of dielectric is used for designing both antenna and metamaterial slab. Thus, in this case, the total thickness of the loaded antenna is noticeably reduced to 0.5 mm, or $0.014 {\lambda _0}$ at resonance.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, pure and Cu-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared using a chemical method and the dopant concentration (Cu/Zn in atomic percentage (wt%)) is varied from 0 to 3 wt%.
Abstract: Pure and Cu-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared using a chemical method. The dopant concentration (Cu/Zn in atomic percentage (wt%)) is varied from 0 to 3 wt%. Structural characterization of the samples performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that all the nanoparticles of zinc oxide are having polycrystalline nature. Morphological studies were conducted using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to confirm the grain size and texture. Electrical measurements showed that the AC conductivity initially decreases and then rises with increasing Cu concentration. The UV–Vis studies showed absorbance peaks in the 200–800 nm region. It is found that the absorbance does not significantly change with doping. This fact is further confirmed from the band-gap calculations using the reflectance graphs. When analysed in terms of Burstein–Moss shift, an increase of band gap from 3.42 to 3.54 eV with increasing Cu concentration is observed. In the Photoluminescence (PL) studies a red-shift is observed with increasing dopant concentration.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the application of well known recursive least square (RLS) harmonic estimation technique and its elimination with improved current control technique based shunt active power filter (SAPF) in a distorted power network.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers with different geometries and dimensions was investigated for concrete and the results showed that smaller dimensions of fiber improves the workability of concrete.
Abstract: Concrete has low tensile strength and crack resistance. Its weaknesses could be enhanced with the addition of fiber. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers are generally used in concrete as discrete reinforcement in substitution of steel fiber. Fibers obtained by hand cutting of PET bottles are in the form of straight slit sheets, which impart weaker bonding in concrete matrix. The bonding of the fibers however may be improved by using other geometries such as flattened-end sheet pattern. So far, there are no guidelines for defining the geometry and dimensions of PET fibers. Therefore, this paper focuses on the use of fibers with different geometries and dimensions and investigates their effects on the mechanical properties of concrete. Test results show that geometry of fibers has a small effect on the workability of concrete. The use of smaller dimensions of fiber improves the workability. Enhancement in the strength and energy dissipation capacity of fiber concretes was observed from the use of flatte...
TL;DR: The most important conclusion is that harvesting the predator at MSY level is a sustainable fishing policy in ‘prey–predator–generalist predator’ system.
15 May 2015
TL;DR: An approach towards human gender recognition system is presented using Silhouettes from Center for Biometrics and Security Research (CASIA) gait database to identify major body points and to generate corresponding point-light display.
Abstract: The paper presents an approach towards human gender recognition system The Silhouettes from Center for Biometrics and Security Research (CASIA) gait database are segmented in order to identify major body points and to generate corresponding point-light display The features such as two dimensional coordinates of major body points and joint angles are extracted from the point-light display The features are classified using Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) The study yields a recognition rate of 6918% and 7679% with 100 subject data using HMM and SVM respectively There has been a significant improvement in recognition accuracy using joint angles as the features
16 Mar 2015
TL;DR: The paper describes the work on human gait recognition using Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Hybridized classifiers (developed using both HMM and SVM), and the Hybridization classifier outperforms individual classifiers during training and testing.
Abstract: The paper describes the work on human gait recognition using Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Hybridized classifiers (developed using both HMM and SVM). Human gait data obtained from CASIA gait database were segmented to locate major human body part and generate corresponding stick view in order to extract gait features. A total of 25 features were obtained using the length of body parts and major joint angles along with other features and classified using HMM, SVM and Hybridized classifiers. The Hybridized classifier outperforms individual classifiers by 11.25% and 18.14% during training and testing respectively.
14 Apr 2015
TL;DR: On-going work on XSpeed, a tool for parallel state space exploration of continuous systems with linear dynamics and non-deterministic inputs, exploits the computational power of multi-core architectures to speed up reachability analysis.
Abstract: We present on-going work on XSpeed, a tool for parallel state space exploration of continuous systems with linear dynamics and non-deterministic inputs. XSpeed exploits the computational power of multi-core architectures to speed up reachability analysis. A parallel exploration algorithm with multiple initial sets in partitions of the time horizon has been proposed and implemented in XSpeed. A parallel implementation of a reachability algorithm using support functions as symbolic states is also provided. Performance of XSpeed is compared with an optimized implementation of the support function algorithm and with SpaceEx (LGG scenario), a scalable tool for hybrid systems with linear dynamics. Experiments on Intel core i7-4770 having 4 physical cores and 8 threads of execution show that XSpeed achieves a speed up of 5 times when compared to SpaceEx over a 28 dimensional Helicopter model. We could also show computation of precise reachable states with our parallel exploration algorithm in comparison to the support function algorithm.
TL;DR: A QoS-aware dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme to mitigate congestion problem in gateway-based multi-hop WiFi-based long distance networks and thereby enhance QoS guarantees for real-time traffic is proposed.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a QoS-aware dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme to mitigate congestion problem in gateway-based multi-hop WiFi-based long distance networks and thereby enhance QoS guarantees for real-time traffic. It presents a dynamic slot scheduling scheme which efficiently distributes the unused TDMA time slots among the needy nodes. The distribution process is carried out in a hierarchical manner through the use of parent-child relationship of a tree topology. By doing so, end-to-end performance of real-time traffic is enhanced manifold. Furthermore, the proposed protocol provides assured packet forwarding for already admitted flows by allowing transmission of nodes according to the capacity of ancestral links. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol achieves a significant performance improvement in terms of throughput and delay of real-time traffic.
TL;DR: The proposed channel allocation technique outperforms the existing first-fit and best-fit allocation techniques in terms of the average number of attempts needed for acquiring the necessary number of channels for all traffic situations ranging from light to extremely heavy traffic.
Abstract: In conventional wireless systems, unless a contiguous frequency band with width at least equal to the required bandwidth is obtained, multimedia communication cannot be effected with the desired quality of service. We propose here a novel channel allocation technique to overcome this limitation in a cognitive radio network, which is based on utilizing several noncontiguous channels, each of width smaller than the required bandwidth, but whose sum equals at least the required bandwidth. We present algorithms for channel sensing, channel reservation, and channel deallocation along with transmission and reception protocols with two different implementations based on FDM-FDMA and OFDM-FDMA techniques. Simulation results for both these implementations show that the proposed technique outperforms the existing first-fit and best-fit allocation techniques in terms of the average number of attempts needed for acquiring the necessary number of channels for all traffic situations ranging from light to extremely heavy traffic. Furthermore, the proposed technique can allocate the required numbers of channels in less than 1 s with FDM-FDMA even (4.5 s with OFDM-FDMA ) for 96% traffic load, while the first-fit and best-fit techniques fail to allocate any channel in such situations.
TL;DR: In this article, the improved recursive Newton type (IRNTA) algorithm is used to estimate the power system frequency by using Jacobian and covariance matrices for updating the unknown parameters.
01 Dec 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the optimal number and location of protective devices is obtained by using simulated annealing algorithm to meet the reliability and economic requirements of a distribution test system, where the system reliability indices SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index), System ECOST and System EENS (Expected Energy Not Supplied) are strategically considered to obtain the solution.
Abstract: Distribution networks are designed for reliability. In all physical systems, reliability is dependent on the system configuration that is on the arrangement and connection of various components that make up the system design. In a distributed generation based power system, island operation of micro-grid is made possible by the protective devices present in the system. Hence their optimal location will ensure that maximum number of customers are supplied with energy and thus improve reliability. Increase in the number of protective devices will ensure high reliability of power supply but this is limited by cost considerations. In this paper, the optimal number and location of protective devices is obtained by using simulated annealing algorithm to meet the reliability and economic requirements of a distribution test system. The system reliability indices SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index), System ECOST and System EENS (Expected Energy Not Supplied) are strategically considered to obtain the solution. The simulations are carried out in MATLAB R2014a.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of adding fly ash as well as incorporating polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres in a concrete mix to mitigate the lower quality of recycled aggregates in concrete is presented.
Abstract: The recycling of concrete is an important means to a sustainable material flow. The limited reuse of recycled aggregates is due to the lower quality of concrete production. Various methods have been attempted to minimise the negative effect. In this paper, the effect of adding fly ash as well as incorporating polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres in a concrete mix to mitigate the lower quality of recycled aggregates in concrete is presented. The study consists of two stages: in stage 1 the effects on some of the fresh and hardened concrete properties were studied and the percentage replacement of the natural coarse aggregate (NCA) by the recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) was established. From a chosen percentage of 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% and 100%, we found that the 20% replacement (RCA20) did not seem to jeopardise the compressive strength and water absorption of RCA concrete. Experimental studies were further carried out in stage 2 on the improvement on the mechanical properties of RCA20 concrete by incorpor...
16 Jul 2015
TL;DR: Using a new metric for estimating nearest neighbor cost at the reversible circuit level, it becomes possible for the first time to optimize a reversible circuit with respect to nearest neighbor constraints.
Abstract: This work in progress report proposes a new metric for estimating nearest neighbor cost at the reversible circuit level. This is in contrast to existing literature where nearest neighbor constraints are usually considered at the quantum circuit level. In order to define the metric, investigations on a state-of-the-art reversible to quantum mapping scheme have been conducted. From the retrieved information, a proper estimation to be used as a cost metric has been obtained. Using the metric, it becomes possible for the first time to optimize a reversible circuit with respect to nearest neighbor constraints.
12 Jun 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a combined adaptive linear neural network and variable leaky least mean square (ADALINE-VLLMS) algorithm was proposed for harmonic parameters estimation in a distorted power signal.
Abstract: This paper proposes a combined adaptive linear neural network and variable leaky least mean square (ADALINE-VLLMS) algorithm for harmonic parameters estimation in a distorted power signal. VLLMS method applies a variable leaky adjustment technique for avoiding drifting of the parameter involved in the estimation. Moreover, a variable step-size is proposed to have faster convergence than conventional least mean square (LMS) algorithm. Computer simulations show that the proposed ADALINE-VLLMS method gives better performance than the ADALINE-LMS method.
30 Apr 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a robust PID controller with filtering technique (PIDF) has been designed for the proposed system to minimize the frequency deviation to zero, and the proposed controller is provided with derivative filter to improve the performance when there is noise or random error in the measured process variables.
Abstract: In recent years, penetration of renewable energy technologies in electrical power systems have increased the system complexity and therefore require efficient controlling methods to ensure stable operation of the whole system. In present study, the frequency control of autonomous hybrid power system consisting of various generators such as wind turbine generator, diesel engine generator, fuel cell and solar photovoltaic is investigated in integration with aqua electrolyzer and smart controllable water heater. The intermittent nature of wind and solar power may cause a serious problem of frequency fluctuation. Therefore, a new robust PID controller with filtering technique (PIDF) has been designed for the proposed system to minimize the frequency deviation to zero. Proposed controller is provided with derivative filter to improve the performance when there is noise or random error in the measured process variables. Nature-inspired firefly algorithm (FA) based optimization is employed to search for optimal controller parameters and the corresponding dynamic performance are compared with conventional PI controller. Initially investigation has been carried out considering 1% step load perturbation (SLP) and then against random load pattern. Furthermore, performance of proposed controller against random variation of wind input power has been tested. Critical investigation reveal that firefly optimized PIDF controller is far superior to conventional PI controller in terms of settling time, reduced overshoots, undershoots and oscillation.
TL;DR: In this article, a current mirror-sensing-based CMOS-MEMS-integrated pressure sensing structure based on the piezoresistive effect in metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) was proposed.
Abstract: Purpose – The present paper aims to propose a basic current mirror-sensing circuit as an alternative to the traditional Wheatstone bridge circuit for the design and development of high-sensitivity complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)–microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-integrated pressure sensors. Design/methodology/approach – This paper investigates a novel current mirror-sensing-based CMOS–MEMS-integrated pressure-sensing structure based on the piezoresistive effect in metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET). A resistive loaded n-channel MOSFET-based current mirror pressure-sensing circuitry has been designed using 5-μm CMOS technology. The pressure-sensing structure consists of three identical 10-μm-long and 50-μm-wide n-channel MOSFETs connected in current mirror configuration, with its input transistor as a reference MOSFET and output transistors are the pressure-sensing MOSFETs embedded at the centre and near the fixed edge of a silicon diaphragm measuring 100 × 100 × 2.5 μm. This a...
01 Sep 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a triple band metamaterial absorber is presented, which combines a meander line loaded rectangular close ring resonator with an electric field driven LC resonator within a single unit cell.
Abstract: A compact triple band metamaterial absorber is presented in this paper. The triple band absorbance is achieved by combining a meander line loaded rectangular close ring resonator with an electric field driven LC resonator within a single unit cell. A more compact unit cell having a size reduction of 14.47% and triple band absorption has been realized as an advantage over close ring metamaterial absorber. The artificially engineered structure has triple band absorbance with one band laying in C-band and another two in Ku and K band respectively. This triple band design can be used for stealth technology such as the C-band airborne radar and battlefield applications. Moreover, the absorber can perform well over a wide angle of incidence.
12 Jun 2015
TL;DR: This paper presents the development of an open loop model of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor drive fed from a 3 phase bridge inverter and operating under self-control mode with the rotor position information.
Abstract: This paper presents the development of an open loop model of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive fed from a 3 phase bridge inverter and operating under self-control mode with the rotor position information. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) are widely used in AC servo drives because of its high torque to inertia ratio, high power density, high efficiency and power factor as compared to other conventional drive motors. The different performance indices of the system like speed, electromagnetic torque, phase voltage, phase current, rotor position etc. have been executed in MATLAB environment.
12 Jun 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a two-degree-of-freedom based Proportional plus Integral plus Double Derivative (2-DOF-PIDD) controller is designed and presented to solve the load frequency control (LFC) problem of a three unequal area thermal system.
Abstract: Two-degree-of-freedom based Proportional plus Integral plus Double Derivative (2-DOF-PIDD) controller is designed and presented to solve the load frequency control (LFC) problem of a three unequal area thermal system. All the areas are equipped with single stage of reheat turbines and appropriate generation rate constraints (GRC). The performances of the proposed 2-DOF-PIDD controller are compared with the commonly used classical controllers such as I, PI and PID controller to assess the best supplementary controller for LFC. Selection of the optimum parameter of the several controllers and speed regulation (R) parameters are done by a new metaheuristic optimization algorithm called Cuckoo Search algorithm (CSA). The main advantage associated with CSA is that it has only two controllable parameters that make the algorithm less complex and thus potentially more generic. Numerous simulation results clearly show that proposed controller guarantees better performance over others in terms of settling time, peak overshoots and reduced oscillations. Further, robustness of CSA optimized 2-DOF-PIDD controller is tested against different position of perturbation. Proposed 2-DOF-PIDD controller also provides better performances when subjected to higher degree of perturbation.
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: An approach toward classification of human emotions using gait data into three classes: happy, angry, and normal is presented, which shows that polynomial kernel using geometric moment features has the maximum recognition rate.
Abstract: Human gait data have abundant information for recognition of actions, intentions, emotions, and gender. The paper presents an approach toward classification of human emotions using gait data into three classes: happy, angry, and normal. Data of human gait for 3 emotional expressions (happy, angry, and neutral) of 25 individuals were collected. The silhouette was divided into 9 segments in order to analyze motion in various body parts moving with different frequency. The features such as centroid, aspect ratio, and orientation were extracted from different segments using geometric and Krawtchouk moments, respectively. A train model was generated from testing data using support vector machines (SVM), and hence, new feature vector was classified into three classes. The results show that polynomial kernel using geometric moment features has the maximum recognition rate of 83.06 %.
TL;DR: The shapes of product angular distributions suggest a transition from an indirect to a direct scattering, via an osculating intermediate complex in the energy range 0.001-0.2 eV, and interesting mass scaling effects are discovered.
Abstract: We report rotationally resolved opacity functions, product rotational distributions, and differential cross sections for the (16)O + (16)O(16)O (v = 0,j = 1) → (16)O(16)O (v' = 0,j') + (16)O and (18)O + (18)O(18)O (v = 0,j = 1) → (18)O(18)O (v' = 0,j') + (18)O collisions calculated by a time-independent quantum mechanical method employing one of the latest potential energy surface of ozone [ Dawes ; et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2013 , 139 , 201103 ]. The results obtained for both collisional systems in the energy range 0.001-0.2 eV are examined, and interesting mass scaling effects have been discovered. The shapes of product angular distributions suggest a transition from an indirect to a direct scattering, via an osculating intermediate complex.
26 Jul 2015
TL;DR: The paper introduces a simple, fast and computationally efficient phasor estimation algorithm under dynamic conditions using convolution analysis that inherently filters noise and harmonics, immune to decaying dc components, detects sharp changes in a signal during faults and effectively works under complex modulated conditions.
Abstract: The paper introduces a simple, fast and computationally efficient phasor estimation algorithm under dynamic conditions using convolution analysis. The performance of convolution based phasor estimator is effectively tested under different dynamic/noisy conditions as per IEEE C37.118.1-2011 standards. The results revealed that the proposed algorithm estimates the dynamic phasor accurately irrespective of distortion present in the sinusoidal signals. The proposed algorithm enhances the phasor estimation process to be more general and independent of phasor models of a signal. Furthermore, the proposed estimator inherently filters noise and harmonics, immune to decaying dc components, detects sharp changes in a signal during faults and effectively works under complex modulated conditions. The simplicity, robustness and generality of the proposed algorithm best suits for wide area measurement systems to measure the voltage and current phasors during disturbance in the power system networks.