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Institution

National Ocean Service

GovernmentSilver Spring, Maryland, United States
About: National Ocean Service is a government organization based out in Silver Spring, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Algal bloom & Population. The organization has 500 authors who have published 643 publications receiving 46096 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This method of extracting brevetoxins and their metabolites from blood collection cards, in conjunction with the ELISA detection method, is a simple and reliable way to biomonitor physiologically relevant toxin levels in protected marine animals.
Abstract: Blood collection cards have been successfully used as a tool to monitor brevetoxin (PbTx) exposure in several species, including fish, mice, and rats. Previous methanolic methods used for extracting brevetoxin from blood collection cards have shown dolphin blood to have matrix difficulties in several biological assays. To better biomonitor protected marine mammal species in the Florida area, which is historically prone to unusual mortality events caused by brevetoxin exposure, we have modified the previous extraction method to consistently recover brevetoxin with a known efficiency from dolphin blood collection card samples with minimal matrix interference. A combination of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 6% MeOH and 100% acetonitrile was used to elute blood from the cellulose card and precipitate proteins, respectively. Analysis was performed using a newly developed direct enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), which yields a sample limit of quantification of 1 ng PbTx-3 equiv/mL. This extraction method allowed for linear recovery of PbTx-3 spiked into dolphin blood (1-30 ng/mL) with a consistent recovery rate of 58% and has subsequently been used to monitor brevetoxins in dolphins, as well as sea turtles and manatees, in regions endemic to red tides. In addition, two known metabolites of PbTx-2 were isolated and also found to be detectable using the ELISA. The cysteine conjugate (m/z 1018) and cysteine sulfoxide conjugate (m/z 1034) were found to have linear recoveries of 87% and 66%, respectively. In summary, this method of extracting brevetoxins and their metabolites from blood collection cards, in conjunction with the ELISA detection method, is a simple and reliable way to biomonitor physiologically relevant toxin levels in protected marine animals.

32 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper develops and studies simultaneous confidence bounds that are useful for making low dose inferences in quantitative risk analysis, intended for risk assessment studies where human, animal or ecological data are used to set safe low dose levels of a toxic agent, but where study information is limited to high dose level of the agent.
Abstract: Summary. The paper develops and studies simultaneous confidence bounds that are useful for making low dose inferences in quantitative risk analysis. Application is intended for risk assessment studies where human, animal or ecological data are used to set safe low dose levels of a toxic agent, but where study information is limited to high dose levels of the agent. Methods are derived for estimating simultaneous, one-sided, upper confidence limits on risk for end points measured on a continuous scale. From the simultaneous confidence bounds, lower confidence limits on the dose that is associated with a particular risk (often referred to as a bench-mark dose) are calculated. An important feature of the simultaneous construction is that any inferences that are based on inverting the simultaneous confidence bounds apply automatically to inverse bounds on the bench-mark dose.

32 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In 1985, the NGS introduced GPS orbit formats and weekly orbit products based on those formats as discussed by the authors, which are very specific regarding contents, epoch interval, and arc length; however, the formats are general.
Abstract: In 1985 the NGS introduced GPS orbit formats and weekly orbit products based on those formats. The products are very specific regarding contents, epoch interval, and arc length; however, the formats are general. The formats permit any start time, any epoch interval, any number of epochs, and any number of satellites. These formats also accommodate partial orbital data for one or more satellites. These formats come In ASCII and binary and comprise either position data or position and velocity data. Although these formats have been used for 6–7 years and have been well received by the GPS community, it was decided that they would be enhanced to include satellite clock information. The 1985 (first generation) orbital formats and products will continue to be valid.

32 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study presents a Bayesian framework fitting parameters of a triple-logistic growth function to describe multiple phases of growth for bottlenose dolphins, simultaneously fitting and comparing all growth parameters between South Carolina, Mississippi Sound, and Indian River Lagoon cohorts.
Abstract: The Gompertz function is the most commonly used growth function for cetacean studies. However, this function cannot represent multiple phases of growth. In this study, we present a Bayesian framework fitting parameters of a triple-logistic growth function to describe multiple phases of growth for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), simultaneously fitting and comparing all growth parameters between South Carolina (SC), Mississippi Sound (MSS), and Indian River Lagoon (IRL) cohorts. The fitted functions indicated a preliminary early, rapid growth phase, followed by a second phase of slower growth, and then a moderate growth

32 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20222
202129
202017
201917
201831
201719