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Institution

National Physical Laboratory

FacilityLondon, United Kingdom
About: National Physical Laboratory is a facility organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Dielectric & Thin film. The organization has 7615 authors who have published 13327 publications receiving 319381 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an examination of irradiated potassium bicarbonate showed the crystal to contain trapped CO3 - radicals, as well as CO2(H) radicals, and examined this crystal to hold trapped NO3 radicals.
Abstract: Examination of irradiated potassium bicarbonate shows the crystal to contain trapped CO3 - radicals, as well as CO2(H) radicals, and examination of irradiated urea nitrate shows this crystal to hold trapped NO3 radicals. Electron resonance spectra and optical absorption spectra suggest that the radicals CO3 - and NO3 are planar, but do not possess a threefold axis. An examination of the expected wavefunction and energies discloses features which favour distortion of these radicals; these features are absent for CO3 = and NO3 -.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A stable, conductive, transparent, and flexible electrode based on a precision fabric with metal wires and polymer fibers woven into a mesh with very similar performance characteristics is presented.
Abstract: A stable, conductive, transparent, and flexible electrode based on a precision fabric with metal wires and polymer fibers woven into a mesh is presented Organic solar cells on woven mesh electrodes and on conventional glass/ITO substrates with very similar performance characteristics are demonstrated

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the large scatter found in the intercomparison of spectroradiometric scales maintained by standards laboratories is attributed to the spectral shifts, due to source correlation and violation of scaling law.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Multivariate analysis using Poisson scaling, identified as the most suitable data preprocessing method for both PCA and MCR, demonstrates a marked improvement upon traditional (manual) analysis and provides valuable additional information that is difficult to detect using traditional analysis.
Abstract: Multivariate methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR), are often employed to aid the analysis of large complex data sets such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) images. There is, however, much confusion over the most appropriate choice of method for any given application and the effects of data preprocessing, which is exacerbated by the confusing terminologies and the use of jargon in this field. In the present study, a simple model system consisting of a ToF-SIMS image of an immiscible polymer blend is used to evaluate PCA and MCR in the accurate identification, localisation and quantification of the phase-separated polymer domains, using four data preprocessing methods (no scaling, normalisation, variance scaling and Poisson scaling). This highlights significant issues and challenges in the quantitative multivariate analysis of mixed organic systems, including the discrimination of chemically significant features from experimental noise, the resolution of weak chemical contributions and potential bias introduced by data preprocessing. Multivariate analysis using Poisson scaling, identified as the most suitable data preprocessing method for both PCA and MCR, demonstrates a marked improvement upon traditional (manual) analysis and provides valuable additional information that is difficult to detect using traditional analysis. Using these results, we present recommendations for the optimum use of multivariate analysis by analysts and provide guidance on selecting the most appropriate methods. Confusing terminology is also clarified.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a single index, termed noise pollution level, accommodates the experimental results of surveys of aircraft and of motor vehicle noise, and the same formula satisfactorily explains the results of laboratory tests in which noise intensity is traded against duration to maintain equal impressions of objectionableness.

81 citations


Authors

Showing all 7655 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Rajesh Kumar1494439140830
Akhilesh Pandey10052953741
A. S. Bell9030561177
David R. Clarke9055336039
Praveen Kumar88133935718
Richard C. Thompson8738045702
Xin-She Yang8544461136
Andrew J. Pollard7967326295
Krishnendu Chakrabarty7999627583
Vinod Kumar7781526882
Bansi D. Malhotra7537519419
Matthew Hall7582724352
Sanjay K. Srivastava7336615587
Michael Jones7233118889
Sanjay Singh71113322099
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202315
202242
2021356
2020438
2019434
2018406