Showing papers by "National Research University – Higher School of Economics published in 2021"
••
Innovations for Poverty Action1, Wageningen University and Research Centre2, Columbia University3, National Research University – Higher School of Economics4, Yale University5, University of Lagos6, Institute for Fiscal Studies7, Universidade Nova de Lisboa8, Lahore University of Management Sciences9, University of St Andrews10, Stockholm School of Economics11, Ghent University12, Alternatives13, Trinity College, Dublin14, University of Sierra Leone15, Kathmandu16, Cornell University17, University of Illinois at Chicago18, New York University Abu Dhabi19, Princeton University20, Stockholm University21, Tufts University22, University of Michigan23, Northwestern University24, London School of Economics and Political Science25
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals.
Abstract: Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccination attitudes in lower-income countries, where large-scale vaccination is just beginning. We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering 10 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country) and the United States, including a total of 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in our LMIC samples (mean 80.3%; median 78%; range 30.1 percentage points) compared with the United States (mean 64.6%) and Russia (mean 30.4%). Vaccine acceptance in LMICs is primarily explained by an interest in personal protection against COVID-19, while concern about side effects is the most common reason for hesitancy. Health workers are the most trusted sources of guidance about COVID-19 vaccines. Evidence from this sample of LMICs suggests that prioritizing vaccine distribution to the Global South should yield high returns in advancing global immunization coverage. Vaccination campaigns should focus on translating the high levels of stated acceptance into actual uptake. Messages highlighting vaccine efficacy and safety, delivered by healthcare workers, could be effective for addressing any remaining hesitancy in the analyzed LMICs.
536 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability.
253 citations
••
Clinical Trial Service Unit1, Max Planck Society2, National Research University – Higher School of Economics3, Harvard University4, University of Milan5, Leicester General Hospital6, University of Leicester7, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust8, University of Cambridge9, University of Oxford10
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the direct and indirect effects of the covid-19 pandemic on mortality in 29 high income countries with reliable and complete age and sex disaggregated mortality data.
Abstract: Objective To estimate the direct and indirect effects of the covid-19 pandemic on mortality in 2020 in 29 high income countries with reliable and complete age and sex disaggregated mortality data. Design Time series study of high income countries. Setting Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, England and Wales, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United States. Participants Mortality data from the Short-term Mortality Fluctuations data series of the Human Mortality Database for 2016-20, harmonised and disaggregated by age and sex. Interventions Covid-19 pandemic and associated policy measures. Main outcome measures Weekly excess deaths (observed deaths versus expected deaths predicted by model) in 2020, by sex and age (0-14, 15-64, 65-74, 75-84, and ≥85 years), estimated using an over-dispersed Poisson regression model that accounts for temporal trends and seasonal variability in mortality. Results An estimated 979 000 (95% confidence interval 954 000 to 1 001 000) excess deaths occurred in 2020 in the 29 high income countries analysed. All countries had excess deaths in 2020, except New Zealand, Norway, and Denmark. The five countries with the highest absolute number of excess deaths were the US (458 000, 454 000 to 461 000), Italy (89 100, 87 500 to 90 700), England and Wales (85 400, 83 900 to 86 800), Spain (84 100, 82 800 to 85 300), and Poland (60 100, 58 800 to 61 300). New Zealand had lower overall mortality than expected (−2500, −2900 to −2100). In many countries, the estimated number of excess deaths substantially exceeded the number of reported deaths from covid-19. The highest excess death rates (per 100 000) in men were in Lithuania (285, 259 to 311), Poland (191, 184 to 197), Spain (179, 174 to 184), Hungary (174, 161 to 188), and Italy (168, 163 to 173); the highest rates in women were in Lithuania (210, 185 to 234), Spain (180, 175 to 185), Hungary (169, 156 to 182), Slovenia (158, 132 to 184), and Belgium (151, 141 to 162). Little evidence was found of subsequent compensatory reductions following excess mortality. Conclusion Approximately one million excess deaths occurred in 2020 in these 29 high income countries. Age standardised excess death rates were higher in men than women in almost all countries. Excess deaths substantially exceeded reported deaths from covid-19 in many countries, indicating that determining the full impact of the pandemic on mortality requires assessment of excess deaths. Many countries had lower deaths than expected in children
228 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, a tree-based data structure encoding the inferred evolutionary history of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was proposed to enable real-time genomic contact tracing, which greatly improves the speed of phylogenetic placement of new samples and data visualization.
Abstract: As the SARS-CoV-2 virus spreads through human populations, the unprecedented accumulation of viral genome sequences is ushering in a new era of 'genomic contact tracing'-that is, using viral genomes to trace local transmission dynamics. However, because the viral phylogeny is already so large-and will undoubtedly grow many fold-placing new sequences onto the tree has emerged as a barrier to real-time genomic contact tracing. Here, we resolve this challenge by building an efficient tree-based data structure encoding the inferred evolutionary history of the virus. We demonstrate that our approach greatly improves the speed of phylogenetic placement of new samples and data visualization, making it possible to complete the placements under the constraints of real-time contact tracing. Thus, our method addresses an important need for maintaining a fully updated reference phylogeny. We make these tools available to the research community through the University of California Santa Cruz SARS-CoV-2 Genome Browser to enable rapid cross-referencing of information in new virus sequences with an ever-expanding array of molecular and structural biology data. The methods described here will empower research and genomic contact tracing for SARS-CoV-2 specifically for laboratories worldwide.
175 citations
••
Russian Academy of Sciences1, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology2, National Research University – Higher School of Economics3, University of Chicago4, Spanish National Research Council5, Donostia International Physics Center6, University of the Basque Country7, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia8, University of Trento9, University of Paris10, Sapienza University of Rome11, University of Tokyo12
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of one of the best-known high-TC superconductors-yttrium hexahydride I m 3 ¯ m -YH6 is reported, which displays a superconducting transition at ≈224 K at 166 GPa.
Abstract: Pressure-stabilized hydrides are a new rapidly growing class of high-temperature superconductors, which is believed to be described within the conventional phonon-mediated mechanism of coupling. Here, the synthesis of one of the best-known high-TC superconductors-yttrium hexahydride I m 3 ¯ m -YH6 is reported, which displays a superconducting transition at ≈224 K at 166 GPa. The extrapolated upper critical magnetic field Bc2 (0) of YH6 is surprisingly high: 116-158 T, which is 2-2.5 times larger than the calculated value. A pronounced shift of TC in yttrium deuteride YD6 with the isotope coefficient 0.4 supports the phonon-assisted superconductivity. Current-voltage measurements show that the critical current IC and its density JC may exceed 1.75 A and 3500 A mm-2 at 4 K, respectively, which is higher than that of the commercial superconductors, such as NbTi and YBCO. The results of superconducting density functional theory (SCDFT) and anharmonic calculations, together with anomalously high critical magnetic field, suggest notable departures of the superconducting properties from the conventional Migdal-Eliashberg and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theories, and presence of an additional mechanism of superconductivity.
167 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors acknowledge support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Tau-Lepton Physics Research Center of Nagoya University.
Abstract: We acknowledge support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Tau-Lepton Physics Research Center of Nagoya University; the Australian Research Council including Grants No. DP180102629, No. DP170102389, No. DP170102204, No. DP150103061, No. FT130100303; Austrian Science Fund (FWF); the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Contracts No. 11435013, No. 11475187, No. 11521505, No. 11575017, No. 11675166, No. 11705209; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Grant No. QYZDJ-SSWSLH011; the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP); the Shanghai Pujiang Program under Grant No. 18PJ1401000; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Contract No. LTT17020; the Carl Zeiss Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Excellence Cluster Universe, and the VolkswagenStiftung; the Department of Science and Technology of India; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy; National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea Grants No. 2016R1D1A1B01010135, No. 2016R1D1A1B02012900, No. 2018R1A2B3003643, No. 2018R1A6A1A06024970, No. 2018R1D1A1B07047294, No. 2019K1A3A7A09033840, No. 2019R1I1A3A01058933; Radiation Science Research Institute, Foreign Large-size Research Facility Application Supporting project, the Global Science Experimental Data Hub Center of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, and KREONET/GLORIAD the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Center; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Agreement No. 14.W03.31.0026; University of Tabuk research Grants No. S-1440-0321, No. S-0256-1438, and No. S-0280-1439 (Saudi Arabia); the Slovenian Research Agency; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Spain; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan; and the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.
147 citations
••
TL;DR: The first evidence of a structure in the LHC invariant mass distribution was obtained from an amplitude analysis of J/psi{\Lambda}K^-$decays.
Abstract: First evidence of a structure in the $J/\psi{\Lambda}$ invariant mass distribution is obtained from an amplitude analysis of$\Xi_b^-{\rightarrow}J/\psi{\Lambda}K^-$
decays. The observed structure is consistent with being due to a charmonium pentaquark with strangeness with a significance of $3.1\sigma$ including systematic uncertainties and look-elsewhere effect. Its mass and width are determined to be $4458.8\pm2.9^{+4.7}_{-1.1}$ MeV and $17.3\pm6.5^{+8.0}_{-5.7}$ MeV, respectively, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic. The structure is also consistent with being due to two resonances. In addition, the narrow excited $\Xi^-$ states, $\Xi(1690)^-$ and $\Xi(1820)^-$, are seen for the first time in a $\Xi^-_b$ decay, and their masses and widths are measured with improved precision. The analysis is performed using $pp$ collision data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV.
131 citations
••
124 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the detection with Konus-Wind of a hard X-ray event of 28 April 2020 temporally coincident with a bright, two-peak radio burst in the direction of the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154, with properties remarkably similar to those of FRBs.
Abstract: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright, millisecond-scale radio flashes of unknown physical origin1. Young, highly magnetized, isolated neutron stars—magnetars—have been suggested as the most promising candidates for FRB progenitors owing to their energetics and high X-ray flaring activity2,3. Here we report the detection with Konus-Wind of a hard X-ray event of 28 April 2020 temporally coincident with a bright, two-peak radio burst4,5 in the direction of Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154, with properties remarkably similar to those of FRBs. We show that the two peaks of the double-peaked X-ray burst coincide in time with the radio peaks and infer a common source and the association of these phenomena. An unusual hardness of the X-ray spectrum strongly distinguishes the 28 April event among multiple ‘ordinary’ flares from SGR 1935+2154. A recent non-detection5–7 of radio emission from about 100 typical soft bursts from SGR 1935+2154 favours the idea that bright, FRB-like magnetar signals are associated with rare, hard-spectrum X-ray bursts. The implied rate of these hard X-ray bursts (~0.04 yr−1 magnetar−1) appears consistent with the rate estimate4 of SGR 1935+2154-like radio bursts (0.007–0.04 yr−1 magnetar−1). In April 2020, the Konus-Wind instrument registered two X-ray bursts temporally coincident with two radio bursts from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154. The unusual spectral hardness of the X-ray bursts may be an indicator of fast-radio-burst-like radio emission from magnetars.
109 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the multi-task learning of lightweight convolutional neural networks is studied for face identification and classification of facial attributes (age, gender, ethnicity) trained on cropped faces without margins.
Abstract: In this paper, the multi-task learning of lightweight convolutional neural networks is studied for face identification and classification of facial attributes (age, gender, ethnicity) trained on cropped faces without margins The necessity to fine-tune these networks to predict facial expressions is highlighted Several models are presented based on MobileNet, EfficientNet and RexNet architectures It was experimentally demonstrated that they lead to near state-of-the-art results in age, gender and race recognition on the UTKFace dataset and emotion classification on the AffectNet dataset Moreover, it is shown that the usage of the trained models as feature extractors of facial regions in video frames leads to 45% higher accuracy than the previously known state-of-the-art single models for the AFEW and the VGAF datasets from the EmotiW challenges The models and source code are publicly available at this https URL
105 citations
••
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compute the scattering amplitude for classical black-hole scattering to third order in the Post-Minkowskian expansion, keeping all terms needed to derive the scattering angle to that order from the eikonal formalism.
Abstract: We compute the scattering amplitude for classical black-hole scattering to third order in the Post-Minkowskian expansion, keeping all terms needed to derive the scattering angle to that order from the eikonal formalism. Our results confirm a conjectured relation between the real and imaginary parts of the amplitude by Di Vecchia, Heissenberg, Russo, and Veneziano, and are in agreement with a recent computation by Damour based on radiation reaction in general relativity.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the relationship between the employee-level resilience dimensions (cognitive, behavioural and contextual) and entrepreneurs' perceived performance, and the moderating role of entrepreneur resilience.
Abstract: Existing research on resilience varies across fields on analysis and presents scattered and diverse definitions. For example, the literature suggests that resilience in organisations is influenced by factors of various levels, occurring at both the individual and organisational level. However, there are currently few insights into how these different levels of analysis interact with each other. Therefore, focusing on resilience in the context of entrepreneurship, this paper aims to explore the relationship between the employee-level resilience dimensions (cognitive, behavioural and contextual) and entrepreneurs’ perceived performance, and the moderating role of entrepreneur resilience. A survey has been conducted with 195 entrepreneurs managing small family firms. Results confirm the hypothesis that the dimensions of employee-level resilience affect performance positively when the entrepreneur has a strong propensity towards personal resilience. Entrepreneurs may use these insights to increase awareness of their actions towards achieving organisational resilience and to implement practices aimed at increasing employee-level resilience.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored whether HLA class I genotypes can be associated with the critical course of Coronavirus Disease-19 by searching possible connections between genotypes of deceased patients and their age at death.
Abstract: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules play a crucial role in the development of a specific immune response to viral infections by presenting viral peptides at the cell surface where they will be further recognized by T cells. In the present manuscript, we explored whether HLA class I genotypes can be associated with the critical course of Coronavirus Disease-19 by searching possible connections between genotypes of deceased patients and their age at death. HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C genotypes of n = 111 deceased patients with COVID-19 (Moscow, Russia) and n = 428 volunteers were identified with next-generation sequencing. Deceased patients were split into two groups according to age at the time of death: n = 26 adult patients aged below 60 and n = 85 elderly patients over 60. With the use of HLA class I genotypes, we developed a risk score (RS) which was associated with the ability to present severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) peptides by the HLA class I molecule set of an individual. The resulting RS was significantly higher in the group of deceased adults compared to elderly adults [p = 0.00348, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC = 0.68)]. In particular, presence of HLA-A*01:01 allele was associated with high risk, while HLA-A*02:01 and HLA-A*03:01 mainly contributed to low risk. The analysis of patients with homozygosity strongly highlighted these results: homozygosity by HLA-A*01:01 accompanied early deaths, while only one HLA-A*02:01 homozygote died before 60 years of age. Application of the constructed RS model to an independent Spanish patients cohort (n = 45) revealed that the score was also associated with the severity of the disease. The obtained results suggest the important role of HLA class I peptide presentation in the development of a specific immune response to COVID-19.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of lanthanum-yttrium ternary hydrides obtained at pressures of 170-196 GPa via the laser heating of P63/mmc La-Y alloys with ammonia borane were reported.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the changes in life expectancy and years of life lost in 2020 associated with the seasonal influenza epidemic in 2015, and find that more than 28 million excess life lost more than expected (17.8m to 17.5m) in men and 10.4m to 11.3m in women.
Abstract: Objective To estimate the changes in life expectancy and years of life lost in 2020
associated with the covid-19 pandemic. Design Time series analysis. Setting 37 upper-middle and high income countries or regions with reliable and
complete mortality data. Participants Annual all cause mortality data from the Human Mortality Database for
2005-20, harmonised and disaggregated by age and sex. Main outcome measures Reduction in life expectancy was estimated as the difference between observed
and expected life expectancy in 2020 using the Lee-Carter model. Excess
years of life lost were estimated as the difference between the observed and
expected years of life lost in 2020 using the World Health Organization
standard life table. Results Reduction in life expectancy in men and women was observed in all the
countries studied except New Zealand, Taiwan, and Norway, where there was a
gain in life expectancy in 2020. No evidence was found of a change in life
expectancy in Denmark, Iceland, and South Korea. The highest reduction in
life expectancy was observed in Russia (men: −2.33, 95% confidence interval
−2.50 to −2.17; women: −2.14, −2.25 to −2.03), the United States (men:
−2.27, −2.39 to −2.15; women: −1.61, −1.70 to −1.51), Bulgaria (men: −1.96,
−2.11 to −1.81; women: −1.37, −1.74 to −1.01), Lithuania (men: −1.83, −2.07
to −1.59; women: −1.21, −1.36 to −1.05), Chile (men: −1.64, −1.97 to −1.32;
women: −0.88, −1.28 to −0.50), and Spain (men: −1.35, −1.53 to −1.18; women:
−1.13, −1.37 to −0.90). Years of life lost in 2020 were higher than expected
in all countries except Taiwan, New Zealand, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, and
South Korea. In the remaining 31 countries, more than 222 million years of
life were lost in 2020, which is 28.1 million (95% confidence interval 26.8m
to 29.5m) years of life lost more than expected (17.3 million (16.8m to
17.8m) in men and 10.8 million (10.4m to 11.3m) in women). The highest
excess years of life lost per 100 000 population were observed in Bulgaria
(men: 7260, 95% confidence interval 6820 to 7710; women: 3730, 2740 to
4730), Russia (men: 7020, 6550 to 7480; women: 4760, 4530 to 4990),
Lithuania (men: 5430, 4750 to 6070; women: 2640, 2310 to 2980), the US (men:
4350, 4170 to 4530; women: 2430, 2320 to 2550), Poland (men: 3830, 3540 to
4120; women: 1830, 1630 to 2040), and Hungary (men: 2770, 2490 to 3040;
women: 1920, 1590 to 2240). The excess years of life lost were relatively
low in people younger than 65 years, except in Russia, Bulgaria, Lithuania,
and the US where the excess years of life lost was >2000 per 100 000. Conclusion More than 28 million excess years of life were lost in 2020 in 31 countries,
with a higher rate in men than women. Excess years of life lost associated
with the covid-19 pandemic in 2020 were more than five times higher than
those associated with the seasonal influenza epidemic in 2015.
••
01 Jan 2021TL;DR: The HPC cluster uses to solve machine learning problems, population genomics, hydrodynamics, atomistic and continuous modeling in physics, generative probabilistic models, financial row forecasting algorithms, and other actual problems.
Abstract: The National Research University Higher School of Economics launched its HPC cluster and created a new division named the Supercomputer Simulation Unit. Now the university HPC cluster occupies seventh place in rating the most powerful computers of the CIS TOP50. The HPC cluster uses to solve machine learning problems, population genomics, hydrodynamics, atomistic and continuous modeling in physics, generative probabilistic models, financial row forecasting algorithms, and other actual problems. Paper describes the HSE HPC resources and experience of their use for scientific and educational tasks.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, wavelet analysis was applied to study how the Covid pandemic influenced the volatility of commodity prices, covering various classes of commodities, and the intervals of low, medium, and high coherence between the coronavirus panic index and the moves of the commodity prices.
••
TL;DR: The first observation of exotic states with a new quark content decaying to the J / ψ K + final state was reported with high significance from an amplitude analysis of the B + → J/ ψ ϕ K + decay as mentioned in this paper, which was carried out using proton-proton collision data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb - 1 collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13
Abstract: The first observation of exotic states with a new quark content c c ¯ u s ¯ decaying to the J / ψ K + final state is reported with high significance from an amplitude analysis of the B + → J / ψ ϕ K + decay. The analysis is carried out using proton-proton collision data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb - 1 collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The most significant state, Z c s ( 4000 ) + , has a mass of 4003 ± 6 - 14 + 4 MeV , a width of 131 ± 15 ± 26 MeV , and spin parity J P = 1 + , where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. A new 1 + X ( 4685 ) state decaying to the J / ψ ϕ final state is also observed with high significance. In addition, the four previously reported J / ψ ϕ states are confirmed and two more exotic states, Z c s ( 4220 ) + and X ( 4630 ) , are observed with significance exceeding 5 standard deviations.
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that strong emotional attachment reduces family firms' strategic sensitivity, creating a motivational gap with respect to forming IJVs, and when family firms overcome this gap by making full use of their board of directors, they have higher levels of leadership unity and resource fluidity.
••
TL;DR: When jobs offered by different employers are not perfect substitutes, employers gain wage-setting power; the extent of this power can be captured by the elasticity of labor supply to the firm as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: When jobs offered by different employers are not perfect substitutes, employers gain wage-setting power; the extent of this power can be captured by the elasticity of labor supply to the firm. The ...
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the branching fractions for the decays B → Kμ+μ− and B → Ke+e−, and their ratio (RK), using a data sample of 711 fb−1 that contains 772 × 106 $$ B\overline{B} $$ events.
Abstract: We present measurements of the branching fractions for the decays B → Kμ+μ− and B → Ke+e−, and their ratio (RK), using a data sample of 711 fb−1 that contains 772 × 106 $$ B\overline{B} $$
events. The data were collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The ratio RK is measured in five bins of dilepton invariant-mass-squared (q2): q2 ∈ (0.1, 4.0), (4.00, 8.12), (1.0, 6.0), (10.2, 12.8) and (> 14.18) GeV2/c4, along with the whole q2 region. The RK value for q2 ∈ (1.0, 6.0) GeV2/c4 is $$ {1.03}_{-0.24}^{+0.28} $$
± 0.01. The first and second uncertainties listed are statistical and systematic, respectively. All results for RK are consistent with Standard Model predictions. We also measure CP-averaged isospin asymmetries in the same q2 bins. The results are consistent with a null asymmetry, with the largest difference of 2.6 standard deviations occurring for the q2 ∈ (1.0, 6.0) GeV2/c4 bin in the mode with muon final states. The measured differential branching fractions, $$ d\mathrm{\mathcal{B}} $$
/dq2, are consistent with theoretical predictions for charged B decays, while the corresponding values are below the expectations for neutral B decays. We have also searched for lepton-flavor-violating B → Kμ±e∓ decays and set 90% confidence-level upper limits on the branching fraction in the range of 10−8 for B+ → K+μ±e∓, and B0 → K0μ±e∓ modes.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the relevance of each component of ESG in investment decision is investigated and a new more robust approach is developed to develop a new robust ESG-based investment model.
Abstract: The present study addresses three questions: 1. Whether ESG is the succeeding risk factor? 2. To study the relevance of each component of ESG in investment decision? 3. To develop a new more robust...
••
Innovations for Poverty Action1, Wageningen University and Research Centre2, Columbia University3, National Research University – Higher School of Economics4, Yale University5, Universidade Nova de Lisboa6, Lahore University of Management Sciences7, Institute for Fiscal Studies8, Stockholm School of Economics9, Ghent University10, Alternatives11, Trinity College, Dublin12, Cornell University13, University of Illinois at Chicago14, New York University Abu Dhabi15, Princeton University16, Stockholm University17, Tufts University18, Northwestern University19, London School of Economics and Political Science20
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering ten low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country), and the United States, using survey responses from 44,260 individuals.
Abstract: We analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 15 survey samples covering ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America, Russia (an upper-middle-income country), and the United States, using survey responses from 44,260 individuals. We find considerably higher willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine in LMIC samples (80% on average) compared to the United States (65%) and Russia (30%). Vaccine acceptance was primarily explained by an interest in personal protection against COVID-19, while concern about side effects was the most commonly expressed reason for reluctance. Health workers were the most trusted sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines. Our findings suggest that prioritizing vaccine distribution to LMICs should yield high returns in promoting global immunization coverage, and that vaccination campaigns in these countries should focus on translating acceptance into uptake. Messaging highlighting vaccine efficacy and safety, delivered by healthcare workers, may be most effective in addressing remaining hesitancy.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the relationship between the GameStop returns and the sentiment driven pricing, as described by the following indicators: twitter publication count, news publication count excluding twitter, put-call ratio, and short-sale volume.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, an exponential representation of the S-matrix provides a natural framework for understanding the semi-classical limit of scattering amplitudes, while sharing some similarities with the eikonal formalism it differs from it in details.
Abstract: An exponential representation of the S-matrix provides a natural framework for understanding the semi-classical limit of scattering amplitudes. While sharing some similarities with the eikonal formalism it differs from it in details. Computationally, rules are simple because pieces that must be subtracted are given by combinations of unitarity cuts. Analyzing classical gravitational scattering to third Post-Minkowskian order in both maximal supergravity and Einstein gravity we find agreement with other approaches, including the contributions from radiation reaction terms. The kinematical relation for the two-body problem in isotropic coordinates follows immediately from this procedure, again with the inclusion of radiation reaction pieces up to third Post-Minkowskian order.
••
TL;DR: Cryo-EM structures of the nanodisc-reconstituted wild-type mouse TRPV3 in three distinct conformations, supported by physiological recordings and molecular dynamics simulations, provide an insight for understanding the molecular mechanism of temperature sensing.
Abstract: Numerous physiological functions rely on distinguishing temperature through temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels (thermo-TRPs). Although the function of thermo-TRPs has been studied extensively, structural determination of their heat- and cold-activated states has remained a challenge. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of the nanodisc-reconstituted wild-type mouse TRPV3 in three distinct conformations: closed, heat-activated sensitized and open states. The heat-induced transformations of TRPV3 are accompanied by changes in the secondary structure of the S2-S3 linker and the N and C termini and represent a conformational wave that links these parts of the protein to a lipid occupying the vanilloid binding site. State-dependent differences in the behavior of bound lipids suggest their active role in thermo-TRP temperature-dependent gating. Our structural data, supported by physiological recordings and molecular dynamics simulations, provide an insight for understanding the molecular mechanism of temperature sensing. Cryo-EM structures of the heat-activated TRP channel TRPV3 in lipid nanodiscs at different temperatures reveal a conformational wave involved in the gating process.
••
TL;DR: The sustainable happiness model (SHM) has been influential in positive psychology and well-being science as mentioned in this paper, however, the "pie chart" aspect of the model has received valid critiques.
Abstract: The Sustainable Happiness Model (SHM) has been influential in positive psychology and well-being science. However, the ‘pie chart’ aspect of the model has received valid critiques. In this article,...
••
16 Sep 2021TL;DR: In this article, the multi-task learning of lightweight convolutional neural networks is studied for face identification and classification of facial attributes (age, gender, ethnicity) trained on cropped faces without margins.
Abstract: In this paper, the multi-task learning of lightweight convolutional neural networks is studied for face identification and classification of facial attributes (age, gender, ethnicity) trained on cropped faces without margins. The necessity to fine-tune these networks to predict facial expressions is highlighted. Several models are presented based on lightweight architectures, such as MobileNet, EfficientNet and RexNet. It was experimentally demonstrated that they lead to near state-of-the-art results in age, gender and race recognition on the UTKFace dataset and emotion classification on the AffectNet dataset. Moreover, it is shown that the usage of the trained models as feature extractors of facial regions in video frames leads to 4.5% higher accuracy than the previously known state-of-the-art single models for the AFEW and the VGAF datasets from the EmotiW challenges.
••
TL;DR: In this article, weak and strong uniqueness results for the solutions of multi-dimensional stochastic McKean-Vlasov equation were established under relaxed regularity conditions under the restricted assumption of diffusion, yet without any regularity of the drift.
Abstract: New weak and strong existence and weak and strong uniqueness results for the solutions of multi-dimensional stochastic McKean–Vlasov equation are established under relaxed regularity conditions. Weak existence requires a non-degeneracy of diffusion and no more than a linear growth of both coefficients in the state variable. Weak and strong uniqueness are established under the restricted assumption of diffusion, yet without any regularity of the drift; this part is based on the analysis of the total variation metric.