National Research University – Higher School of Economics

About: National Research University – Higher School of Economics is a education organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 12873 authors who have published 23376 publications receiving 256396 citations.

Pilot Innovative Territorial Clusters in Russia: A Sustainable Development Mode

Abstract: Leading countries consider regional clusters an efficient tool of interaction between actors of a regional innovation system, which enables new poles of economic growth to be formed. There is a large literature describing the positive experience of public support for clusters. In Russia, this process is still at an early stage. Russia’s strategy of innovative development up to 2020 includes a programme for supporting pilot innovative regional clusters.The aim is to make these clusters self-sustainable. The emergence and outlook of a cluster largely depend on a range of basic conditions such as: the urban environment; an available critical mass of specialized companies; internal competition; and openness to the outside world. There is always a risk that without government support, the cluster will not be able to shift to the desired trajectory.The paper reviews existing studies on the best practices of implementing state cluster policy in different parts of the world. It provides a detailed analysis of the characteristic features of successful clusters, and evaluates the extent to which Russia’s pilot innovative regional clusters match these criteria of success. It also quantitatively compares domestic and foreign clusters, and suggests a model for sustainable cluster development.The study is based on an empirical analysis of the development programmes of pilot innovative regional clusters that were submitted to the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in 2012 as part of a special competition. The paper also analyses the results of a survey commissioned by the joint stock company ‘Russian Venture Company’ at the end of 2013.

Egalitarianism, Cultural Distance, and FDI: A New Approach

Abstract: This study addresses an apparent impasse in the research on organizations’ responses to cultural distance. We posit that cross-country differences in egalitarianism — a cultural orientation manifested in intolerance for abuses of market and political power and support for protection of less powerful actors — affect multinational firms’ choices of destinations for foreign direct investment (FDI). Using historically motivated instrumental variables, we observe that egalitarianism distance has a negative causal impact on FDI flows. This effect is robust to a broad set of competing accounts, including the effects of other cultural dimensions, various features of the prevailing legal and regulatory regimes, other features of the institutional environment, economic development, and time-invariant unobserved characteristics of origin and host countries. We further show that egalitarianism correlates in a conceptually compatible way with an array of organizational practices pertinent to firms’ interactions with non-financial stakeholders, such that national differences in these egalitarianism-related features may affect firms’ international expansion decisions.

Infrared dynamics of the massive ϕ4 theory on de Sitter space

Abstract: We study massive real scalar ${\ensuremath{\phi}}^{4}$ theory in the expanding Poincare patch of de Sitter space We calculate the leading two-loop infrared contribution to the two-point function in this theory We do that for the massive fields both from the principal and complementary series As can be expected at this order, light fields from the complementary series show stronger infrared effects than the heavy fields from the principal one For the principal series, unlike the complementary one, we can derive the kinetic equation from the system of Dyson--Schwinger equation, which allows us to sum up the leading infrared contributions from all loops We find two peculiar solutions of the kinetic equation One of them describes the stationary Gibbons--Hawking-type distribution for the density per comoving volume Another solution shows explosive (square root of the pole in finite proper time) growth of the particle number density per comoving volume That signals the possibility of the destruction of the expanding Poincar\'e patch even by the very massive fields We conclude with the consideration of the infrared divergences in global de Sitter space and in its contracting Poincar\'e patch