National Research University – Higher School of Economics

About: National Research University – Higher School of Economics is a education organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 12873 authors who have published 23376 publications receiving 256396 citations.

Analysis and interpretation of imaging mass spectrometry data by clustering mass-to-charge images according to their spatial similarity.

Abstract: Imaging mass spectrometry (imaging MS) has emerged in the past decade as a label-free, spatially resolved, and multipurpose bioanalytical technique for direct analysis of biological samples from animal tissue, plant tissue, biofilms, and polymer films. Imaging MS has been successfully incorporated into many biomedical pipelines where it is usually applied in the so-called untargeted mode-capturing spatial localization of a multitude of ions from a wide mass range.3 An imaging MS data set usually comprises thousands of spectra and tens to hundreds of thousands of mass-to-charge (m/z) images and can be as large as several gigabytes. Unsupervised analysis of an imaging MS data set aims at finding hidden structures in the data with no a priori information used and is often exploited as the first step of imaging MS data analysis. We propose a novel, easy-to-use and easy-to-implement approach to answer one of the key questions of unsupervised analysis of imaging MS data: what do all m/z images look like? The key idea of the approach is to cluster all m/z images according to their spatial similarity so that each cluster contains spatially similar m/z images. We propose a visualization of both spatial and spectral information obtained using clustering that provides an easy way to understand what all m/z images look like. We evaluated the proposed approach on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging MS data sets of a rat brain coronal section and human larynx carcinoma and discussed several scenarios of data analysis.

Russian normative data for 375 action pictures and verbs.

Abstract: The present article introduces a Russian-language database of 375 action pictures and associated verbs with normative data. The pictures were normed for name agreement, conceptual familiarity, and subjective visual complexity, and measures of age of acquisition, imageability, and image agreement were collected for the verbs. Values of objective visual complexity, as well as information about verb frequency, length, argument structure, instrumentality, and name relation, are also provided. Correlations between these parameters are presented, along with a comparative analysis of the Russian name agreement norms and those collected in other languages. The full set of pictorial stimuli and the obtained norms may be freely downloaded from http://neuroling.ru/en/db.htm for use in research and for clinical purposes.

Russia After the Global Economic Crisis

Abstract: Russian economy in crisis : strategy of growth and strategy of reforms / Sergei Guriev and Aleh Tsyvinski -- Russian politics in a time of economic turmoil / Daniel Treisman -- Federalism in Russia / Ekaterina Zhuravskaya -- Corruption and law in Russia / Timothy Frye -- The role of high technology industries in the Russian economy / Keith Crane and Artur Usanov -- Russia's approach to climate change and the role of energy efficiency / Samuel Charap and Georgi Safonov -- Gazprom : challenged giant in need of reform / Anders Aslund -- Russian military reform against the odds / Pavel Baev -- Foreign policy : modernization or marginalization / Dmitri Trenin -- Foreign economic policy / Natalia Volchkova and David Tarr -- The post-Soviet space : an obituary / Anders Aslund -- The role of Russia in the emerging global order / Andrew Kuchins -- Conclusion / Anders Aslund, Sergei Guriev, and Andrew Kuchins.

Local Lp-Brunn-Minkowski inequalities for p<1

Abstract: The $L^p$-Brunn-Minkowski theory for $p\geq 1$, proposed by Firey and developed by Lutwak in the 90's, replaces the Minkowski addition of convex sets by its $L^p$ counterpart, in which the support functions are added in $L^p$-norm. Recently, Boroczky, Lutwak, Yang and Zhang have proposed to extend this theory further to encompass the range $p \in [0,1)$. In particular, they conjectured an $L^p$-Brunn-Minkowski inequality for origin-symmetric convex bodies in that range, which constitutes a strengthening of the classical Brunn-Minkowski inequality. Our main result confirms this conjecture locally for all (smooth) origin-symmetric convex bodies in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $p \in [1 - \frac{c}{n^{3/2}},1)$. In addition, we confirm the local log-Brunn--Minkowski conjecture (the case $p=0$) for small-enough $C^2$-perturbations of the unit-ball of $\ell_q^n$ for $q \geq 2$, when the dimension $n$ is sufficiently large, as well as for the cube, which we show is the conjectural extremal case. For unit-balls of $\ell_q^n$ with $q \in [1,2)$, we confirm an analogous result for $p=c \in (0,1)$, a universal constant. It turns out that the local version of these conjectures is equivalent to a minimization problem for a spectral-gap parameter associated with a certain differential operator, introduced by Hilbert (under different normalization) in his proof of the Brunn-Minkowski inequality. As applications, we obtain local uniqueness results in the even $L^p$-Minkowski problem, as well as improved stability estimates in the Brunn-Minkowski and anisotropic isoperimetric inequalities.