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Institution

National Research University – Higher School of Economics

EducationMoscow, Russia
About: National Research University – Higher School of Economics is a education organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 12873 authors who have published 23376 publications receiving 256396 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The enormous health loss attributable to viral hepatitis, and the availability of effective vaccines and treatments, suggests an important opportunity to improve public health.

1,081 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The incidence, prevalence, and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) from all causes of injury in every country are measured, to describe how these measures have changed between 1990 and 2016, and to estimate the proportion of TBI and SCI cases caused by different types of injury.
Abstract: Summary Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are increasingly recognised as global health priorities in view of the preventability of most injuries and the complex and expensive medical care they necessitate. We aimed to measure the incidence, prevalence, and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for TBI and SCI from all causes of injury in every country, to describe how these measures have changed between 1990 and 2016, and to estimate the proportion of TBI and SCI cases caused by different types of injury. Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2016 to measure the global, regional, and national burden of TBI and SCI by age and sex. We measured the incidence and prevalence of all causes of injury requiring medical care in inpatient and outpatient records, literature studies, and survey data. By use of clinical record data, we estimated the proportion of each cause of injury that required medical care that would result in TBI or SCI being considered as the nature of injury. We used literature studies to establish standardised mortality ratios and applied differential equations to convert incidence to prevalence of long-term disability. Finally, we applied GBD disability weights to calculate YLDs. We used a Bayesian meta-regression tool for epidemiological modelling, used cause-specific mortality rates for non-fatal estimation, and adjusted our results for disability experienced with comorbid conditions. We also analysed results on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index, a compound measure of income per capita, education, and fertility. Findings In 2016, there were 27·08 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 24·30–30·30 million) new cases of TBI and 0·93 million (0·78–1·16 million) new cases of SCI, with age-standardised incidence rates of 369 (331–412) per 100 000 population for TBI and 13 (11–16) per 100 000 for SCI. In 2016, the number of prevalent cases of TBI was 55·50 million (53·40–57·62 million) and of SCI was 27·04 million (24·98–30·15 million). From 1990 to 2016, the age-standardised prevalence of TBI increased by 8·4% (95% UI 7·7 to 9·2), whereas that of SCI did not change significantly (−0·2% [–2·1 to 2·7]). Age-standardised incidence rates increased by 3·6% (1·8 to 5·5) for TBI, but did not change significantly for SCI (−3·6% [–7·4 to 4·0]). TBI caused 8·1 million (95% UI 6·0–10·4 million) YLDs and SCI caused 9·5 million (6·7–12·4 million) YLDs in 2016, corresponding to age-standardised rates of 111 (82–141) per 100 000 for TBI and 130 (90–170) per 100 000 for SCI. Falls and road injuries were the leading causes of new cases of TBI and SCI in most regions. Interpretation TBI and SCI constitute a considerable portion of the global injury burden and are caused primarily by falls and road injuries. The increase in incidence of TBI over time might continue in view of increases in population density, population ageing, and increasing use of motor vehicles, motorcycles, and bicycles. The number of individuals living with SCI is expected to increase in view of population growth, which is concerning because of the specialised care that people with SCI can require. Our study was limited by data sparsity in some regions, and it will be important to invest greater resources in collection of data for TBI and SCI to improve the accuracy of future assessments. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

916 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Juanita A. Haagsma1, Nicholas Graetz1, Ian Bolliger1, Mohsen Naghavi1, Hideki Higashi1, Erin C Mullany1, Semaw Ferede Abera2, Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham3, Koranteng Adofo4, Ubai Alsharif5, Emmanuel A. Ameh6, Walid Ammar, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio7, Lope H Barrero8, Tolesa Bekele9, Dipan Bose10, Alexandra Brazinova, Ferrán Catalá-López, Lalit Dandona1, Rakhi Dandona11, Paul I. Dargan12, Diego De Leo13, Louisa Degenhardt14, Sarah Derrett15, Samath D Dharmaratne16, Tim Driscoll17, Leilei Duan18, Sergey Petrovich Ermakov19, Farshad Farzadfar20, Valery L. Feigin21, Richard C. Franklin22, Belinda J. Gabbe23, Richard A. Gosselin24, Nima Hafezi-Nejad20, Randah R. Hamadeh25, Martha Híjar, Guoqing Hu26, Sudha Jayaraman27, Guohong Jiang, Yousef Khader28, Ejaz Ahmad Khan29, Sanjay Krishnaswami30, Chanda Kulkarni, Fiona Lecky31, Ricky Leung32, Raimundas Lunevicius33, Ronan A Lyons34, Marek Majdan, Amanda J. Mason-Jones35, Richard Matzopoulos36, Peter A. Meaney37, Wubegzier Mekonnen38, Ted R. Miller39, Charles Mock40, Rosana E. Norman41, Ricardo Orozco, Suzanne Polinder, Farshad Pourmalek42, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar20, Amany H. Refaat43, David Rojas-Rueda, Nobhojit Roy44, David C. Schwebel45, Amira Shaheen46, Saeid Shahraz47, Vegard Skirbekk48, Kjetil Søreide49, Sergey Soshnikov, Dan J. Stein50, Bryan L. Sykes51, Karen M. Tabb52, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Eric Y. Tenkorang53, Alice Theadom21, Bach Xuan Tran54, Bach Xuan Tran55, Tommi Vasankari, Monica S. Vavilala40, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov56, Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes57, Paul S. F. Yip58, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z. Younis59, Chuanhua Yu60, Christopher J L Murray1, Theo Vos1 
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation1, College of Health Sciences, Bahrain2, Harvard University3, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology4, Charité5, Ahmadu Bello University6, University of the Philippines Manila7, Pontifical Xavierian University8, Madawalabu University9, World Bank10, Public Health Foundation of India11, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust12, Griffith University13, University of New South Wales14, Massey University15, University of Peradeniya16, University of Sydney17, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention18, Russian Academy of Sciences19, Tehran University of Medical Sciences20, Auckland University of Technology21, James Cook University22, Monash University23, University of California, San Francisco24, Arabian Gulf University25, Central South University26, Virginia Commonwealth University27, Jordan University of Science and Technology28, Health Services Academy29, Oregon Health & Science University30, University of Sheffield31, University at Albany, SUNY32, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust33, Swansea University34, University of York35, South African Medical Research Council36, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia37, Addis Ababa University38, Curtin University39, University of Washington40, Queensland University of Technology41, University of British Columbia42, Suez Canal University43, Karolinska Institutet44, University of Alabama at Birmingham45, An-Najah National University46, Tufts Medical Center47, Norwegian Institute of Public Health48, Stavanger University Hospital49, University of Cape Town50, University of California, Irvine51, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign52, St. John's University53, Johns Hopkins University54, Hanoi Medical University55, National Research University – Higher School of Economics56, University of Gondar57, University of Hong Kong58, Jackson State University59, Wuhan University60
TL;DR: An overview of injury estimates from the 2013 update of GBD is provided, with detailed information on incidence, mortality, DALYs and rates of change from 1990 to 2013 for 26 causes of injury, globally, by region and by country.
Abstract: Background The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors study used the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) to quantify the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors. This paper provides an overview of injury estimates from the 2013 update of GBD, with detailed information on incidence, mortality, DALYs and rates of change from 1990 to 2013 for 26 causes of injury, globally, by region and by country. Methods Injury mortality was estimated using the extensive GBD mortality database, corrections for ill-defined cause of death and the cause of death ensemble modelling tool. Morbidity estimation was based on inpatient and outpatient data sets, 26 cause-of-injury and 47 nature-of-injury categories, and seven follow-up studies with patient-reported long-term outcome measures. Results In 2013, 973 million (uncertainty interval (UI) 942 to 993) people sustained injuries that warranted some type of healthcare and 4.8 million (UI 4.5 to 5.1) people died from injuries. Between 1990 and 2013 the global age-standardised injury DALY rate decreased by 31% (UI 26% to 35%). The rate of decline in DALY rates was significant for 22 cause-of-injury categories, including all the major injuries. Conclusions Injuries continue to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed and developing world. The decline in rates for almost all injuries is so prominent that it warrants a general statement that the world is becoming a safer place to live in. However, the patterns vary widely by cause, age, sex, region and time and there are still large improvements that need to be made.

883 citations


Authors

Showing all 13307 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Rasmus Nielsen13555684898
Matthew Jones125116196909
Fedor Ratnikov123110467091
Kenneth J. Arrow113411111221
Wil M. P. van der Aalst10872542429
Peter Schmidt10563861822
Roel Aaij98107144234
John W. Berry9735152470
Federico Alessio96105442300
Denis Derkach96118445772
Marco Adinolfi9583140777
Michael Alexander9588138749
Alexey Boldyrev9443932000
Shalom H. Schwartz9422067609
Richard Blundell9348761730
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023129
2022584
20212,477
20203,025
20192,589
20182,259