National University of Malaysia

About: National University of Malaysia is a education organization based out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Heat transfer. The organization has 26593 authors who have published 41270 publications receiving 552683 citations. The organization is also known as: NUM & Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Palm oil industry in South East Asia and the effluent treatment technology—A review

Abstract: The progress of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treatment in meeting with the regulation and standard stipulated by the Environmental Authority always been a major issue in Palm oil industries. To occupy the palm oil world market demand, palm oil industry needs to produce more than the market demand to supply necessity. Currently, South East Asia country such as Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand rank the top country with the largest production of palm oil in the world. However, the increasing demand for the palm oil has resulted in even massive waste especially palm oil mill effluent (POME). Direct discharge of POME will adversely affect the environment. In 2011, 53 million tonnes metric of palm oil produced and 89% of this production comes from Malaysia and Indonesia. Thailand, however, used the palm oil solely for domestic usage. Since POME has been declared among the major source of pollution, a great deal of research and development including application devoted to enhance the current treatment method for POME to consistently meet the proposed stringent regulatory requirement by environmental authority. Conventional treatment such as ponding system is the most commonplace method to treat POME through the application of ponding system which is include aerobic and anaerobic treatment. Recently, the alternative methods such as coagulation, flocculation, adsorption, advanced oxidation process (AOP) and membrane technology to treat POME has shown a promising result compared to the conventional method.

Targeted Oxygen in the Resuscitation of Preterm Infants, a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lower concentrations of oxygen (O2) (≤30%) are recommended for preterm resuscitation to avoid oxidative injury and cerebral ischemia. Effects on long-term outcomes are uncertain. We aimed to determine the effects of using room air (RA) or 100% O2 on the combined risk of death and disability at 2 years in infants METHODS: A randomized, unmasked study designed to determine major disability and death at 2 years in infants RESULTS: Of 6291 eligible patients, 292 were recruited and 287 (mean gestation: 28.9 weeks) were included in the analysis (RA: n = 144; 100% O2: n = 143). Recruitment ceased in June 2014, per the recommendations of the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee owing to loss of equipoise for the use of 100% O2. In non-prespecified analyses, infants CONCLUSIONS: Using RA to initiate resuscitation was associated with an increased risk of death in infants

Differential coding of perception in the world's languages

Abstract: Is there a universal hierarchy of the senses, such that some senses (e.g., vision) are more accessible to consciousness and linguistic description than others (e.g., smell)? The long-standing presumption in Western thought has been that vision and audition are more objective than the other senses, serving as the basis of knowledge and understanding, whereas touch, taste, and smell are crude and of little value. This predicts that humans ought to be better at communicating about sight and hearing than the other senses, and decades of work based on English and related languages certainly suggests this is true. However, how well does this reflect the diversity of languages and communities worldwide? To test whether there is a universal hierarchy of the senses, stimuli from the five basic senses were used to elicit descriptions in 20 diverse languages, including 3 unrelated sign languages. We found that languages differ fundamentally in which sensory domains they linguistically code systematically, and how they do so. The tendency for better coding in some domains can be explained in part by cultural preoccupations. Although languages seem free to elaborate specific sensory domains, some general tendencies emerge: for example, with some exceptions, smell is poorly coded. The surprise is that, despite the gradual phylogenetic accumulation of the senses, and the imbalances in the neural tissue dedicated to them, no single hierarchy of the senses imposes itself upon language.

Accurate Wireless Sensor Localization Technique Based on Hybrid PSO-ANN Algorithm for Indoor and Outdoor Track Cycling

Abstract: This paper aims to determine the distance between the mobile sensor node (i.e., bicycle) and the anchor node (i.e., coach) in outdoor and indoor environments. Two approaches were considered to estimate such a distance. The first approach was based on the traditional channel propagation model that used the log-normal shadowing model (LNSM), while the second approach was based on a proposed hybrid particle swarm optimization–artificial neural network (PSO–ANN) algorithm to improve the distance estimation accuracy of the mobile node. The first method estimated the distance according to the LNSM and the measured received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the anchor node, which in turn used the ZigBee wireless protocol. The LNSM parameters were measured based on the RSSI measurements in both outdoor and indoor environments. A feed-forward neural network type and the Levenberg–Marquardt training algorithm were used to estimate the distance between the mobile node and the coach. The hybrid PSO–ANN algorithm significantly improved the distance estimation accuracy more than the traditional LNSM method without additional components. The hybrid PSO–ANN algorithm achieved a mean absolute error of 0.022 and 0.208 m for outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. The effect of anchor node density on localization accuracy was also investigated in the indoor environment.