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Institution

National University of Malaysia

EducationKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
About: National University of Malaysia is a education organization based out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Heat transfer. The organization has 26593 authors who have published 41270 publications receiving 552683 citations. The organization is also known as: NUM & Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tissue softening during ripening was more closely related to changes in β-galactosidase activity than to PG or pectinesterase activity and may contribute significantly to differential softening, perhaps by complementing the action of polygalacturonase.
Abstract: Papaya (Carica papaya L. cv. Eksotika) fruit softens differentially in relation to position of the tissue. The inner mesocarp tissue is softer, and its firmness decreases more rapidly during ripening than that of the outer mesocarp tissue. As the fruit ripens, pectin solubility and depolymerisation increase. Hemicellulose, too, appears to be depolymerised but, unlike pectins, this apparent degradation of hemicellulose is associated with an increase rather than a decrease in its level. Pectin and hemicellulose depolymerisation began in the inner mesocarp tissue at about the same time as #-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) activity started to increase and tissue firmness began to decrease more rapidly. In contrast, pectin solubilisation in both outer and inner mesocarp tissues occurred steadily throughout ripening at a comparable rate and paralleled closely the increase of polygalacturonase (PG ; EC 3.2.1.67) and pectinesterase (EC 3.1.1.11). In general, irrespective of enzyme distribution, tissue softening during ripening was more closely related to changes in β-galactosidase activity than to PG or pectinesterase activity. Papaya, β-galactosidase appears to be an important wall degrading enzyme and may contribute significantly to differential softening, perhaps by complementing the action of polygalacturonase. Polygalacturonase activity increased with increasing depth of the mesocarp tissue, as did softening of the fruit.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with triple band notch characteristics is proposed, which consists of a rectangular radiating patch, a modifled partial ground plane, and has an overall dimension of 30 £ 22mm 2.
Abstract: A compact planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with triple band notch characteristics is proposed in this paper. The antenna consist a rectangular radiating patch, a modifled partial ground plane, and has an overall dimension of 30 £ 22mm 2 . Three resonant elements are placed above the ground plane to generate three notch frequency bands separately in the WiMAX, the lower WLAN and the upper WLAN frequency bands. The proposed antennas are successfully simulated, prototyped and measured. Efiects of the key deign parameters on band notch characteristics are also investigated. The realized antenna achieved an operating bandwidth (VSWR • 2) ranges from 2.9 to more than 11GHz with triple notched bands of 3.26{ 3.71 (12.9%), 5.15{5.37 (8.5%), and 5.78{5.95 (2.9%)GHz. Measured ∞at transfer function and constant group delay within the operating band except notched bands make the proposed antenna suitable for being used in practical UWB applications.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both PHSO and IE fats altered the metabolism of lipoproteins and glucose relative to an unmodified saturated fat when fed to humans under identical circumstances.
Abstract: Dietary trans-rich and interesterified fats were compared to an unmodified saturated fat for their relative impact on blood lipids and plasma glucose. Each fat had melting characteristics, plasticity and solids fat content suitable for use as hardstock in margarine and other solid fat formulations. Thirty human volunteers were fed complete, whole food diets during 4 wk periods, where total fat (~31% daily energy, >70% from the test fats) and fatty acid composition were tightly controlled. A crossover design was used with 3 randomly-assigned diet rotations and repeated-measures analysis. One test fat rotation was based on palm olein (POL) and provided 12.0 percent of energy (%en) as palmitic acid (16:0); a second contained trans-rich partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSO) and provided 3.2 %en as trans fatty acids plus 6.5 %en as 16:0, while the third used an interesterified fat (IE) and provided 12.5 %en as stearic acid (18:0). After 4 wk the plasma lipoproteins, fatty acid profile, as well as fasting glucose and insulin were assessed. In addition, after 2 wk into each period an 8 h postprandial challenge was initiated in a subset of 19 subjects who consumed a meal containing 53 g of test fat. After 4 wk, both PHSO and IE fats significantly elevated both the LDL/HDL ratio and fasting blood glucose, the latter almost 20% in the IE group relative to POL. Fasting 4 wk insulin was 10% lower after PHSO (p > 0.05) and 22% lower after IE (p < 0.001) compared to POL. For the postprandial study the glucose incremental area under the curve (IAUC) following the IE meal was 40% greater than after either other meal (p < 0.001), and was linked to relatively depressed insulin and C-peptide (p < 0.05). Both PHSO and IE fats altered the metabolism of lipoproteins and glucose relative to an unmodified saturated fat when fed to humans under identical circumstances.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2001-Wear
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of Ti addition on wear behavior of as-cast and heat-treated Al-12.5% Si eutectic alloy prepared by rapid cooling has been investigated in dry sliding against a steel counterface using a pin-on-disk apparatus.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective was to determine the risk factors associated with umbilical vascular catheter‐associated thrombosis and to establish a registry of patients diagnosed with this condition.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with umbilical vascular catheter-associated thrombosis. Methods: All consecutive inborn infants with umbilical arterial (UAC) and/or umbilical venous catheters (UVC) inserted for more than 6 h duration were included in the study. Each infant was screened for thrombosis in the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava by 2-D abdominal ultrasonography within 48-72 h of insertion of umbilical vascular catheters. Subsequent serial scanning was performed at intervals of every 5-7 days, and within 48 h after removal of catheters. Results: Upon removal of umbilical catheters, abdominal aortic thrombi were detected in 32/99 (32.3%) infants with UAC. Small thrombi were detected in the inferior vena cava of 2/49 (4.1%) infants with UVC (one of whom had both UAC and UVC). When compared with those who received only UVC (n = 18), infants who received either UAC alone (n = 68) or both UAC and UVC (n = 31) had significantly higher risk of developing thrombosis (odds ratio (OR): 7.6, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.1, 325.5)). Logistic regression analysis of various potential risk factors showed that the only significant risk factor associated with the development of abdominal aortic thrombosis following insertion of UAC was longer duration of UAC in situ (for every additional day of UAC in situ, adjusted OR of developing thrombosis was: 1.2, 95% Cl : 1.1, 1.3; P = 0.002). Conclusion: Umbilical arterial catheter-associated thrombosis was common. Umbilical arterial catheter should be removed as soon as possible when not needed. Upon removal of UAC, all infants should be screened for abdominal aortic thrombus by 2-D ultrasonography.

115 citations


Authors

Showing all 26827 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Jonathan E. Shaw114629108114
Sabu Thomas102155451366
Biswajeet Pradhan9873532900
Haji Hassan Masjuki9750229653
Mika Sillanpää96101944260
Choon Nam Ong8644425157
Keith R. Abrams8635530980
Kamaruzzaman Sopian8498925293
Benedikt M. Kessler8238524243
Michel Marre8244439052
Peter Willett7647929037
Peter F. M. Choong7253218185
Nidal Hilal7239521524
Margareta Nordin7226719578
Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia7033917444
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202382
2022363
20213,169
20202,808
20192,888
20183,299