National University of Malaysia

About: National University of Malaysia is a education organization based out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Heat transfer. The organization has 26593 authors who have published 41270 publications receiving 552683 citations. The organization is also known as: NUM & Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Facile Synthesis of Quasi Spherical ZnO Nanoparticles with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity

Abstract: In this article, we report on the synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of quasi spherical ZnO nanoparticles obtained by an egg white assisted facile sol–gel type wet method. The material was characterized for its structural, textural and optical properties. The hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure of ZnO with high phase purity was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction analysis. The mesoporous texture generated from the inter-agglomeration of ZnO nanoparticles was clearly shown in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The N2 sorption analysis indicated a specific surface area of 18 m2/g, with monomodal mesoporosity. The optical studies had shown the decreased optical band gap (3.28 eV) of the sample with the existence of a number of crystal defects, especially oxygen vacancies in the sample. The aquatic dye pollutants were effectively degraded under UV irradiation over the ZnO nano photocatalysts. They were also found to be reusable up to five consecutive runs without loss in catalytic activity, indicating their high photostability against photocorrosion.

Policy challenges and approaches for the conservation of mangrove forests in Southeast Asia

Abstract: Many drivers of mangrove forest loss operate over large scales and are most effectively addressed by policy interventions. However, conflicting or unclear policy objectives exist at multiple tiers of government, resulting in contradictory management decisions. To address this, we considered four approaches that are being used increasingly or could be deployed in Southeast Asia to ensure sustainable livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. First, a stronger incorporation of mangroves into marine protected areas (that currently focus largely on reefs and fisheries) could resolve some policy conflicts and ensure that mangroves do not fall through a policy gap. Second, examples of community and government comanagement exist, but achieving comanagement at scale will be important in reconciling stakeholders and addressing conflicting policy objectives. Third, private-sector initiatives could protect mangroves through existing and novel mechanisms in degraded areas and areas under future threat. Finally, payments for ecosystem services (PES) hold great promise for mangrove conservation, with carbon PES schemes (known as blue carbon) attracting attention. Although barriers remain to the implementation of PES, the potential to implement them at multiple scales exists. Closing the gap between mangrove conservation policies and action is crucial to the improved protection and management of this imperiled coastal ecosystem and to the livelihoods that depend on them.

Maggot debridement therapy with Lucilia cuprina: a comparison with conventional debridement in diabetic foot ulcers.

Abstract: This is prospective case-control study of more than 18 months performed to assess the effectiveness of maggot debridement therapy (MDT) with the sterile larvae of Lucilia cuprina (a tropical blowfly maggot) for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Literature thus far has only reported results with the temperate maggot, Lucilia sericata. This study documents outcome in diabetic foot wounds treated with maggot debridement versus those treated by conventional debridement alone. In this series of 29 patients treated with MDT, 14 wounds were healed, 11 were unhealed and 4 were classified under others. The control group treated by conventional debridement had 30 patients of which 18 wounds were healed, 11 unhealed and 1 classified under others. There was no significant difference in outcome between the two groups. The conclusion that can be made from this study is that MDT with L. cuprina is as effective as conventional debridement in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. It would be a feasible alternative to those at high risk for surgery or for those who refuse surgery.