Showing papers by "National University of Singapore published in 1982"
TL;DR: The rate of bilirubin decline progressively decreased with increasing radiance till a 'saturation' point was reached, beyond which no further response occurred with further increase in radiance, suggesting a curvilinear relationship of the nature of an asymptotic regression.
Abstract: The pattern of bilirubin response to phototherapy was studied using lamps with an emission spectrum closely similar to the bilirubin absorption spectrum. A dose-response relationship was demonstrated, with increased intensity of phototherapy resulting in greater response; however, the rate of bilirubin decline progressively decreased with increasing radiance till a 'saturation' point was reached, beyond which no further response occurred with further increase in radiance, suggesting a curvilinear relationship of the nature of an asymptotic regression. At the 'saturation' point, a 24-h decline of about 50% was achieved. With extended periods of phototherapy, a gradually decreasing response to phototherapy with declining bilirubin levels was observed, both with maximal or moderate intensity phototherapy; an exponential regression was suggested. At about 5 mg/dl little further decline was observed with continued phototherapy. The rate of the 24-h decline evaluated at 6-h intervals was observed to be proportional to the bilirubin level at the start of the 24-h period.
132 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the collector performance of a two-pass solar air heater with two covers was compared with a single-pass collector with a closed-loop system with air recirculation.
119 citations
TL;DR: An investigation conducted on the mechanical properties of cement paste and mortar reinforced with jute fibres is reported in this article, where different lengths of fibres were used as reinforcement which were randomly oriented and uniformly distributed in the matrix.
117 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multivariate generalization of the inequality for the normal distribution is presented, which is useful in solving a variation of the classical isoperimetric problem which is relevant to data compression in the theory of element identification.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of bleaching by nonswelling montmorillonite clay activated at various acid concentrations was studied in the bleaching of palm oil, and it was shown that an initial increase in bleaching ability by clay activated by an increasing addition of H2SO4 was due to acid leaching of organic matter and impurities in the clay.
Abstract: The mechanism of bleaching by a nonswelling montmorillonite clay activated at various acid concentrations was studied in the bleaching of palm oil. Montmorillonite clay was activated by 2 parts of H2SO4 at concentrations of 10-40%. Chemical composition, bleaching ability, specific surface area and phosphorus content were studied. The study showed that an initial increase in bleaching ability by clay activated by an increasing addition of H2SO4 was due to acid leaching of organic matter and impurities in the clay. The consequence of acid leaching in this case tends to expose active sites for adsorption. Acid leaching also removed Al3+, causing charge deficiency in the clay lattice and, hence, promoting the adsorption properties of the clay. A drop in bleaching efficiency at higher additions of H2SO4 was observed. This was due to exces-sive acid leaching of Al3+, causing collapse of the clay lattice struc-ture.
93 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a case study of three multinational firms in the export-oriented electronics industry in Singapore showed that under certain conditions multinational firms can lead in creating local vertical linkages.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the improvement achieved by using integer programming over simple coefficient rounding in the design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters with discrete coefficients is most significant when the discrete coefficient space is the powers-of-two space or when a specification is to be met with a given coefficient word length by increasing the filter length.
Abstract: It is demonstrated that the improvement achieved by using integer programming over simple coefficient rounding in the design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters with discrete coefficients is most significant when the discrete coefficient space is the powers-of-two space or when a specification is to be met with a given coefficient word length by increasing the filter length. Both minimax and least square error criteria are considered.
88 citations
01 Jan 1982
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, several iterative methods for solving some boundary value problems occurring in plate deflection theory are presented. But these methods do not deal with the problem of finding the optimal solution.
65 citations
TL;DR: Starting with 4 pairs of marmosets, 204 young were successfully reared during 6 years; singletons, twins, triplets, quadruplets, and quadruplets; the mean annual increase of weaned young was 3·24 per pair; perinatal mortality is largely a result of the failure of parents to rear more than 2 young.
Abstract: Starting with 4 pairs of marmosets, 204 young were successfully reared during 6 years. They were kept in family groups of 2-10. Litter size varied from 1-4; singletons (2%), twins (35%), triplets (55%), and quadruplets (8%). The mean annual increase of weaned young was 3·24 per pair.The median interbirth interval was 154 days. Of 46 pairs of marmosets, 8 failed to produce young.Approximately 11% of young born were stillborn and a further 32% of all young born died within 3 weeks; perinatal mortality is largely a result of the failure of parents to rear more than 2 young. In only 2 of 68 triplet births did the parents rear the young unaided.53% of young born were males but differential mortality reduced the final sex ratio for live young to 50·5% males. Females did not accept and rear the young after caesarian sections.The linear regression of the growth curve from 5-17 months (where y = weight in grams and x = months) could be expressed as y = 16·6x + 163·6.The data from 4 marmoset colonies are compared a...
63 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that alveolar soft part sarcoma is histogenetically a neoplasm of the neural crest, and therefore, it is interpreted as evidence for a tumor showing marked Schwann cell differentiation.
Abstract: A case of an alveolar soft part sarcoma was studied electron microscopically. This showed tumor cells separated by external lamina that incorporated desmosome-like structures. Well defined basal lamina separated several cells from underlying endothelial cells by a zone of tissue composed predominantly of fibrous long-spacing collagen. A unique finding was the presence within several tumor cells of well defined myelin sheaths and myelinated axons. Apart from various other intracellular organelles some of the cells contained closely aggregated fine filamentous structures: the so-called "angulate bodies." All these findings are interpreted as evidence for a tumor showing marked Schwann cell differentiation, and therefore, it is suggested that alveolar soft part sarcoma is histogenetically a neoplasm of the neural crest.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the response of cylindrical storage tanks anchored to rigid base slabs to a rigid base and presented a design chart for steel tanks of practical dimensions for natural frequencies, maximum shear and overturning moment on the foundation, and maximum stress resultants in the tank wall.
Abstract: Seismic response of cylindrical storage tanks anchored to rigid base slabs is considered. Finite elements are used for the liquid and tank wall, idealized as a thin shell. For steel tanks of practical dimensions, design charts are presented for natural frequencies, maximum shear and overturning moment on the foundation, and maximum stress resultants in the tank wall. Furthermore, an analytical expression for the superelevation of the free surface is presented.
TL;DR: Barnacles were unevenly distributed over the proximal, medial, and distal portions of the gills and in the crab Scyllla serrata densities of two Octolasmisspecies were highly correlated, whereas in Charybdis cruciata the correlation between two other species of barnacles was less pronounced.
Abstract: Early in 1981 marine Crustacea (Decapoda) indigenous to Singapore waters were examined for epizoic pedunculate barnacles of the genus Octolasmis (Gray, 1825). Twenty-seven of the 56 decapod species examined were hosts of up to 7 Octolasmis species each. The Octolasmisspecies observed included O. angulata, O. bullata, O. cor, O. lowei, O. neptuni, O. tridens, O. warwickii, and three unnamed species. Of the 10 Octolasmis species one (rarely two) was found externally on the body and appendages and nine species were found internally in the gill chambers. Host specificity varied, but most Octolasmis species occurred on several host species. With one exception, significantly more barnacles were found on the inner side than on the outer side of the host gills. Barnacles were unevenly distributed over the proximal, medial, and distal portions of the gills. Generally barnacle species had distinctive distribution patterns over the gills. In the crab Scyllla serrata densities of two Octolasmisspecies were highly correlated, whereas in Charybdis cruciata the correlation between two other species of barnacles was less pronounced.
TL;DR: The generalized savings heuristics of Golden, Levy and Dahl are studied and several new heuristic procedures for solving the travelling purchaser problem are proposed.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that if a nonsingular linear transformation T on the space of n-square real symmetric matrices preserves the commutativity, where n ⩾3, then T(A) = λQAQt + Q(A), for some scalar λ, orthogonal matrix Q and linear functional Q
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered cylindrical liquid storage tanks anchored to rigid base slabs and used finite elements for both liquid and tankwall, the natural frequencies of the coupled system were presented in graphical form for various tank dimensions, liquid depths and wall thicknesses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on foreign labor and economic development in Singapore by reviewing the historical ebb and flow of foreign labor, presenting the prevailing government policy and philosophy on foreign labour.
Abstract: This article focuses on foreign labor and economic development in Singapore by reviewing the historical ebb and flow of foreign labor, presenting the prevailing government policy and philosophy on ...
TL;DR: A randomized controlled clinical trial comparing six combined oral contraceptives with 50 micrograms or less of ethinyl estradiol demonstrated equivalent efficiency with one-year pregnancy rates of one to six percent but discontinuation rates for medical reasons differed significantly between the treatment groups.
TL;DR: In this article, a method to determine the approximate normal modes and the modal damping for torsionally coupled buildings on an elastic foundation is presented, where the response quantity to be matched is selected in a consistent and logical manner.
Abstract: A method to determine the approximate normal modes and the modal damping for torsionally coupled buildings on an elastic foundation is presented. The modal damping is determined by an iterative procedure which matches the approximate normal mode solution with the rigorous solution. The response quantity to be matched is selected in a consistent and logical manner. The normal modes and the damping ratios thus found are then used to determine the seismic response of the interaction system by the response spectrum technique.
TL;DR: The institutionalization of ethnicity: The culture of ethnicity in Singapore is discussed in this article, where the authors present a survey of ethnicity institutionalization in Singapore, focusing on the following categories:
Abstract: (1982). The institutionalization of ethnicity: The culture of ethnicity in Singapore. Ethnic and Racial Studies: Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 127-139.
TL;DR: It was concluded that they were in fact amoeboid microglia and microglial cells present in the developing retina which probably function as macrophages as described in the brain tissues.
Abstract: The retinae from rats of various ages were stained using the weak silver carbonate method of del Rio-Hortega. In newborn and early postnatal (3-day-old) rats, silver-impregnated round and amoeboidic cells displaying thick stout pseudopodial processes were distributed in the nerve fiber and ganglion cell layers. In 10-day-old rats, the cell bodies were rod-shaped bearing pseudopodia or fusiform showing slender and branching processes. The majority of the cells were found in the ganglion cell layer with occasional ones in the inner plexiform layer. By 20 days of age, the cells became smaller and exhibited long branching processes. They were located predominantly in the inner plexiform or bipolar cell layer. In the adult animals, all the silver-impregnated cells appeared small and flattened with long branching processes. Based on their morphological features, it was concluded that they were in fact amoeboid microglia and microglial cells present in the developing retina which probably function as macrophages as described in the brain tissues.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of an analysis of various cases of technology transfer involving European companies in the Asian region in the chemical and pharmaceutical sector in order to pinpoint the major source of problems.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined the potential yield at the farm level incorporating the economic environment farmers face, which is feasible in that it could be realized by all farmers with existing technology, provided that they have access to necessary inputs.
Abstract: Among rice scientists in developing countries there is a general belief that on-farm rice yields are far below their potential level. There is considerable controversy about the appropriate methodology to define and measure the potential yield at the farm level within the farmers' environment. Most of the methodologies are based on agronomic criteria and neglect the farmers' socio-economic environment. The aim of this paper is to define the potential yield at the farm level incorporating the economic environment farmers face. This potential yield so defined is feasible in that it could be realised by all farmers with existing technology, provided that they have access to necessary inputs. Measuring potential yield in this way is also desirable from a welfare viewpoint.
TL;DR: In this paper, an investigation into the use of kiln dust as a partial replacement for concrete was conducted and the results showed that it is a cementitious material and it causes the following effects when used as cement replacement: 1. 1. retards the setting of cement; 2. 2. increases the water demand for a constant consistency; and 3. 3. decreases the concrete strength.
TL;DR: N-methylnaloxone and N- methylnaltrexone were very weak in precipitating the signs of abstinence in mice rendered acutely dependent on morphine, suggesting two factors, poorer penetration into the CNS and steric hindrance, might render the N-methylated antagonists weak.
TL;DR: The Minolta/Airshields transcutaneous bilirubin meter is a useful screening device for neonatal jaundice and a high degree of reproducibility was demonstrated.
Abstract: . An evaluation of the Minolta/Airshields transcutaneous bilirubin meter (TcB) was made in 68 Chinese and 28 Malay fullterm infants and 9 infants undergoing phototherapy. A close correlation between the TcB index and bilirubin values was achieved at all three sites measured–forehead, sternum and back. The accuracy of the TcB was reduced by phototherapy. A high degree of reproducibility was demonstrated. The TcB is a useful screening device for neonatal jaundice.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the results of an investigation conducted on steel fiber reinforced concrete beams in pure torsion, and the main parameters of the study were the volume fraction and aspect ratio of fibres.
TL;DR: Bronzing disappeared within two months in all but one infant; in eight infants with regular blood examination, the hepatic function became normal by ten months of age, but spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of the pigment(s) even at one year.
Abstract: Phototherapy with either daylight or blue lamps resulted in the development of the bronze baby syndrome in 13 infants. 'Thermotherapy' with an incandescent bulb emitting light mainly in wavelengths not effective for phototherapy caused this syndrome in the 14th infant with respiratory failure. Hepatic dysfunction was present in all infants. The infants were well in spite of the bronzing, after their initial condition had improved. Bronzing disappeared within two months in all but one infant; in eight infants with regular blood examination, the hepatic function became normal by ten months of age, but spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of the pigment(s) even at one year. Normal development was observed.