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TL;DR: Gallic acid and isoflavones are the most well-absorbed polyphenols, followed by catechins, flavanones, and quercetin glucosides, but with different kinetics, and the least well- absorption polyphenol are the proanthocyanidins, the galloylated tea catech ins, andThe anthocyanins.
3,534 citations
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United States Department of Agriculture1, French Institute of Health and Medical Research2, Research Triangle Park3, Boston University4, Saint Louis University5, University of Pittsburgh6, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg7, Nestlé8, Uppsala University9, Merck & Co.10, Sapienza University of Rome11, National Institutes of Health12, Novartis13, University of Verona14
TL;DR: Sarcopenia should be considered in all older patients who present with observed declines in physical function, strength, or overall health, and patients who meet these criteria should further undergo body composition assessment using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry with sarcopenia being defined using currently validated definitions.
2,378 citations
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TL;DR: The results show that dietary fermentable fiber and SCFAs can shape the immunological environment in the lung and influence the severity of allergic inflammation.
Abstract: Metabolites from intestinal microbiota are key determinants of host-microbe mutualism and, consequently, the health or disease of the intestinal tract. However, whether such host-microbe crosstalk influences inflammation in peripheral tissues, such as the lung, is poorly understood. We found that dietary fermentable fiber content changed the composition of the gut and lung microbiota, in particular by altering the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. The gut microbiota metabolized the fiber, consequently increasing the concentration of circulating short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mice fed a high-fiber diet had increased circulating levels of SCFAs and were protected against allergic inflammation in the lung, whereas a low-fiber diet decreased levels of SCFAs and increased allergic airway disease. Treatment of mice with the SCFA propionate led to alterations in bone marrow hematopoiesis that were characterized by enhanced generation of macrophage and dendritic cell (DC) precursors and subsequent seeding of the lungs by DCs with high phagocytic capacity but an impaired ability to promote T helper type 2 (TH2) cell effector function. The effects of propionate on allergic inflammation were dependent on G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41, also called free fatty acid receptor 3 or FFAR3), but not GPR43 (also called free fatty acid receptor 2 or FFAR2). Our results show that dietary fermentable fiber and SCFAs can shape the immunological environment in the lung and influence the severity of allergic inflammation.
1,982 citations
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TL;DR: The Mini Nutritional Assessment has recently been designed and validated to provide a single, rapid assessment of nutritional status in elderly patients in outpatient clinics, hospitals, and nursing homes and was found to be predictive of mortality and hospital cost.
1,540 citations
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TL;DR: The current review presents the available genomics and biological data on prophages from bacterial pathogens in an evolutionary framework to demonstrate that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving.
Abstract: Comparative genomics demonstrated that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving. This process is most evident for bacterial pathogens where the majority contain prophages or phage remnants integrated into the bacterial DNA. Many prophages from bacterial pathogens encode virulence factors. Two situations can be distinguished: Vibrio cholerae, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Clostridium botulinum depend on a specific prophage-encoded toxin for causing a specific disease, whereas Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium harbor a multitude of prophages and each phage-encoded virulence or fitness factor makes an incremental contribution to the fitness of the lysogen. These prophages behave like “swarms” of related prophages. Prophage diversification seems to be fueled by the frequent transfer of phage material by recombination with superinfecting phages, resident prophages, or occasional acquisition of other mobile DNA elements or bacterial chromosomal genes. Prophages also contribute to the diversification of the bacterial genome architecture. In many cases, they actually represent a large fraction of the strain-specific DNA sequences. In addition, they can serve as anchoring points for genome inversions. The current review presents the available genomics and biological data on prophages from bacterial pathogens in an evolutionary framework.
1,499 citations
Authors
Showing all 8100 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Jeremy K. Nicholson | 141 | 773 | 80275 |
Gary Williamson | 106 | 478 | 42960 |
Serge Hercberg | 106 | 942 | 56791 |
Pilar Galan | 97 | 628 | 46782 |
Carl L. Keen | 93 | 632 | 33114 |
Steven R. Tannenbaum | 87 | 449 | 39074 |
Lawrence E. Samelson | 87 | 209 | 27398 |
Henry Markram | 86 | 258 | 38054 |
Augustin Scalbert | 86 | 253 | 45489 |
J. Bruce German | 83 | 321 | 23370 |
Christian Rémésy | 82 | 236 | 31609 |
Richard F. Hurrell | 78 | 276 | 21401 |
Jimmy K. Eng | 77 | 168 | 35701 |
Nelson Fausto | 77 | 202 | 21308 |