Showing papers by "New York University published in 1977"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the development of a bankruptcy classification model which incorporates comprehensive inputs with respect to discriminant analysis and utilizes a sample of bankrupt firms essentially covering the period 1969-1975.
Abstract: The paper explores the development of a bankruptcy classification model which incorporates comprehensive inputs with respect to discriminant analysis and utilizes a sample of bankrupt firms essentially covering the period 1969–1975. Financial statement data and market related measures are transformed along guidelines suggested by traditional security analysis to promote comparability of companies and to reflect the most recent reporting standards so as to make the model relevant to future analysis. The results of the study are compared with alternative bankruptcy classification strategies via the explicit introduction of prior probabilities of group membership, observed accuracies, and estimates of costs of errors in misclassification. The latter is based on cost estimates derived from commercial bank lending errors. The results of the study indicate potential significant application to credit worthiness assessment, portfolio management, and to external and internal performance analysis.
1,779 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a band-limited function f(t) is uniquely determined in terms of the samples g_k(nT) of the responses of m linear systems with input f (t), sampled at 1/m the Nyquist rate.
Abstract: It is shown that a band-limited function f(t) is uniquely determined in terms of the samples g_k(nT) of the responses g_k(t) of m linear systems with input f(t) , sampled at 1/m the Nyquist rate. Various known extensions of the sampling theorem follow as special cases of the resulting generalized sampling expansion of f(t) .
653 citations
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: This article has dealt with various aspects of parabolic approximation methods in underwater acoustics, mostly for propagation of sinusoidal signals, and extensions to time-dependent problems are also available: pulse propagation, moving sources and receivers, frequency shifting effects due to rapid temporal variations of oceanic conditions, and so forth.
Abstract: This article has dealt with various aspects of parabolic approximation methods in underwater acoustics, mostly for propagation of sinusoidal signals Extensions of these methods to time-dependent problems are also available: pulse propagation, moving sources and receivers, frequency shifting effects due to rapid temporal variations of oceanic conditions, and so forth However, an adequate description of these extensions would require another long section and it was felt that the principles involved in making parabolic approximations have been sufficiently illustrated Parabolic equation methods in underwater acoustics were developed only in the last few years, and as more and more use is made of these methods we may expect that many of the important modelling problems in ocean acoustics may be solved
618 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, simple design criteria for grating couplers which transfer the energy of a beam into or out of an optical waveguide are developed based on an accurate perturbation analysis of the guiding properties of dielectric gratings.
Abstract: Based on an accurate perturbation analysis of the guiding properties of dielectric gratings, simple design criteria are developed for grating couplers which transfer the energy of a beam into or out of an optical waveguide. Gratings having arbitrary groove shapes are considered and explicit formulae are given for the leakage parameters of gratings with symmetric profiles. The results cover TEv and TMv modes and they apply to both shallow and deep grating grooves. The variation of the leakage parameter α in rectangular gratings is examined in detail; these rectangular gratings are then used as basic configurations for predicting the characteristics of other grating profiles. Particular attention is given to trapezoidal and triangular profiles and gratings with asymmetric profiles are also discussed.
361 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study demonstrate a probably mechanism for measles vaccine failure in 12-month-old children and support the recommendation of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to postpone measles vaccination to 15 months of age.
355 citations
TL;DR: Several sympathetic ganglia of the guinea pig, cat and rat were studied with indirect immunofluorescence technique using antibodies to substance P (SP) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), the latter of which represents a marker for noradrenaline containing neurons.
353 citations
TL;DR: Examination of the data suggested that the rubella virus was the primary etiologic agent, and it was hypothesized that the course of autism was that of a chronic infection in which recovery, chronicity, improvement, worsening, and delayed appearance of the autistic syndrome all were found.
Abstract: A longitudinal study was conducted of 243 children with congenital rubella. In this sample a high rate of autism and a high rate of recovery were observed. Examination of the data suggested that the rubella virus was the primary etiologic agent. It is hypothesized that the course of autism was that of a chronic infection in which recovery, chronicity, improvement, worsening, and delayed appearance of the autistic syndrome all were found. Other rubella consequences such as blindness, deafness, and cardiac and neuromuscular defects remained present except as modified by operations and prostheses. Degree of mental retardation initially was related to the outcome of autism but shifts in mental retardation over time did not correlate significantly for the group with shift in the autistic symptoms.
348 citations
01 Apr 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical analysis of the age distribution of criminal involvement in delinquency, showing that neither infants nor the elderly possess the prowess and agility required for some forms of crime, some association between age and criminal involvement can be expected on biological grounds alone.
Abstract: This chapter presents a theoretical analysis of the age distribution of criminal involvement. Since neither infants nor the elderly possess the prowess and agility required for some forms of crime, some association between age and criminal involvement can be expected on biological grounds alone. The chapter explains juvenile theft in terms of structural obstacles to legitimate sources of funds at a time when peer-oriented leisure activities require access to financial resources implicitly characterizes this form of delinquency as instrumentally rational; the theory assumes that money and goods are stolen because they are useful. Many observers have remarked on the disproportionate involvement of males in delinquent activity and the exaggerated masculine posturing that characterizes much male delinquency. Though sex differences in delinquency are not as pronounced in self-report studies as in arrest reports, and seem to be gradually narrowing, they nevertheless remain considerable, especially in the violence offense categories.
275 citations
263 citations
TL;DR: Over a twelve-year period, surgical correction of varicocele was performed on 986 selected subfertile men, and the empirical use of postoperative human chorionic gonadotropin therapy improved results significantly.
262 citations
TL;DR: The authors investigated the power of two methodologies, the tests of Brown, Durbin and Evans [2] and variable parameter regression, to detect several varieties of instability in the coefficients of a linear regression model.
Abstract: This paper investigates the power of two methodologies, the tests of Brown, Durbin, and Evans [2] and variable parameter regression, to detect several varieties of instability in the coefficients of a linear regression model. The study reported by Khan [10] on the stability of the demand for money is replicated with variable parameter regression, and his results are in part questioned and in part sharpened.
TL;DR: In this paper, trade creation and diversion can be specified in terms of cross-price elasticities as follows: trade creation (TC) and trade diversion (TD) can be described as follows.
Abstract: Pomfret contends that our I977 '....results are almost guaranteed by (our) model's assumptions and hence (our) results provide little objective support for such policy advice '.1 We disagree with this conclusion and still contend that the use of our model and the resulting policy conclusions are valid. In our model trade creation (TC) and trade diversion (TD) can be specified in terms of cross-price elasticities as follows:2
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the possibility that weaker interactions enjoy a left-right symmetry manifest in the Hamiltonian, and that parity nonconservation stems from the spontaneous breakdown of this symmetry.
Abstract: We consider the possibility that weaker interactions: in common with all other known interactions: do in in fact enjoy a left-right symmetry manifest in the Hamiltonian, and that parity nonconservation stems from the spontaneous breakdown of this symmetry. We show that this picture is experimentally distinguishable from the conventional one in which parity nonconservation stems from the Hamiltonian. The implications of currently available experimental results are discussed and the need for new and decisive experiments is underlined.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, the exact transonic potential flow equation on a mesh constructed from small volume elements, which can be conveniently packed around any reasonably smooth configuration, is solved on two sets of interlocking cells.
Abstract: It is proposed to solve the exact transonic potential flow equation on a mesh constructed from small volume elements, which can be conveniently packed around any reasonably smooth configuration. The calculation is performed on two sets of interlocking cells. The velocity and density are calculated in the primary cells, and a flux balance is then established in the secondary cells. The scheme is desymmetrized by the addition of artificial viscosity in the supersonic zone. Some results are included for a swept wing and a wing-cylinder combination.
TL;DR: Neurons and nerve fiber networks showing immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide have been observed in some sympathetic ganglia with the help of the indirect immunofluorescence technique.
TL;DR: The distributional patterns of palynomorphs in core tops from the continental margin of the northeast Pacific Ocean (30°60°N lat 118°150°W long) reflect the effects of fluvial and marine sedimentation as well as the distribution of terrestrial vegetation.
TL;DR: A morphologically and physiologically homogenous population of neurons can be subdivided on the basis of transmitter histochemical criteria because there is evidence to suggest that some periglomerular cells use GABA as their transmitter.
TL;DR: The toxicity of Cd to the eubacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi appeared to be pH dependent, as toxicity was generally potentiated at pH 8 or 9.
Abstract: A variety of microorganisms, including gram-negative and gram-positive eubacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, were tested for their sensitivity to cadmium (Cd). In general, the actinomycetes were more tolerant to Cd than were the eubacteria; gram-negative eubacteria were more tolerant to Cd than were gram-positive eubacteria. The period of exponential growth of the eubacteria and actinomycetes was extended in the presence of Cd. Wide extremes in sensitivity to Cd were noted among the fungi; there was no correlation between the class of fungus and tolerance to Cd. Fungal sporulation was more sensitive to Cd than was mycelial growth, as spore formation was inhibited at Cd concentrations that were noninhibitory to mycelial proliferation. The toxicity of Cd to the eubacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi appeared to be pH dependent, as toxicity was generally potentiated at pH 8 or 9.
TL;DR: In this paper, higher-order collocation procedures resulting in tridiagonal matrix systems are derived from polynomial spline interpolation and by Hermitian (Taylor series) finite-difference discretization.
TL;DR: The sections in this paper are:==================\/\/€˜€˜£££€££ £€£ ££ £ £ £££ €££$££ $££˜€£ $ ££€ ££ $€£$ ££ €€£€€£ € ££$€£
Abstract: The sections in this article are:
1
Clearance Zones in the Respiratory Tract
1.1
Anterior Nares
1.2
Ciliated Nasal Passages
1.3
Nasopharynx, Oral Passages, and Larynx
1.4
Tracheobronchial Tree
1.5
Alevolar Zone
2
Factors Affecting Regional Particle Deposition
2.1
Deposition Mechanisms
2.2
Aerosol Factors
2.3
Respiratory and Flow Factors
2.4
Anatomical Factors
2.5
Physiological Factors
2.6
Environmental Factors
2.7
Effects of Pollutant Gases and Aerosols
2.8
Effects of Chronic Lung Disease
3
Techniques for Measuring Particle Deposition
3.1
Comparison of Particle Contents in Inhaled and Exhaled Air
3.2
External in vivo Measurement of γ-Labeled Particle Retention
3.3
Sacrifice and Dissection by Regions in Experimental Animals
3.4
Deposition in Model Systems and Excised Lungs
4
Experimental Regional Deposition Data
4.1
Deposition in Human Beings
4.2
Deposition in Experimental Animals
5
Predictive Deposition Models
6
Deposition of Ambient Atmospheric Aerosol
TL;DR: The opercular epithelium of Fundulus heteroclitus contains typical gill chloride-secreting cells at the high density of 4 X 10(5) cells per square centimeter, which offers a useful approach to the study of osmoregulation in bony fishes.
Abstract: The opercular epithelium of Fundulus heteroclitus contains typical gill chloride-secreting cells at the high density of 4 X 10(5) cells per square centimeter. When isolated, mounted as a membrane, and short-circuited, it actively transports chloride ions from the blood side to the seawater side of the preparation. This preparation offers a useful approach to the study of osmoregulation in bony fishes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a system for identifying serious financial problems in savings and loan associations, defined as one for which the Federal Savings & Loan Insurance Corporation provides financial assistance or where the S&L is supervisorly merged with a sounder institution.
TL;DR: Temperature shift experiments of mutant populations at different times after isoleucine synchronization suggest that ts 13 and ts 11 are blocked at the non‐permissive temperature in early G1, whereas ts HJ4 is probably affected near the initiation of DNA synthesis, or in some early S function.
Abstract: Three different temperature sensitive mutants derived from the Syrian hamster cell line BHK 21 were found to have greatly reduced DNA synthesis at the non-permissive temperature. These mutants are distinct by complementation analysis and behave at the non-permissive temperature as cell cycle traverse defective mutants. Microfluorometric analysis of mutant populations arrested at the non-permissive temperature shows an accumulation of cells with G1 DNA content. Mutants ts 13 and ts HJ4 synchronized in G1 by serum or isoleucine deprivation and shifted to the non-permissive temperature at the time of release do not enter the S phase, while in the case of mutant ts 11 preincubation at the non-permissive temperature before release is required to completely prevent its entry into S. Ts 13 and ts 11 are able to traverse the S phase at the non-permissive temperature when synchronized at the boundary G1/S; in this case, preincubation of ts 11 at the non-permissive temperature before release does not affect the ability of these cells to perform DNA synthesis. On the other hand, ts HJ4 appears to traverse S only partially when tested under similar conditions. Temperature shift experiments of mutant populations at different times after isoleucine synchronization suggest that ts 13 and ts 11 are blocked at the non-permissive temperature in early G1, whereas ts HJ4 is probably affected near the initiation of DNA synthesis, or in some early S function.
TL;DR: The evidence presented indicates that the regimen of active medical treatment before microsurgical intervention has improved the overall case morbidity and mortality, as well as the chance for long-term survival.
Abstract: ✓ The authors review 100 consecutive cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysms to assess the overall morbidity and mortality. Patients were placed on a regimen of bed rest, sedation, control of blood pressure, anticonvulsants, and antifibrinolytic therapy. Surgery was performed on 86 patients with hypotensive anesthesia and microsurgical techniques. The incidence of early rebleeding while on epsilon aminocaproic acid and control of blood pressure was 11.8%. The overall surgical mortality was 8.1%, and the surgical mortality of patients in Grades 1, 2, and 3 was 6.3%. Of the 100 patients, 60 were able to return to their prior activities, and 25 had moderate neurological deficits that required limitation of their activities. The total case mortality was 15%. The evidence presented indicates that the regimen of active medical treatment before microsurgical intervention has improved the overall case morbidity and mortality, as well as the chance for long-term survival.
TL;DR: It is found that neuroleptics can bind to opiate receptors with affinities in the micromolar range, in agreement with reports by others, and adds support to the hypothesis that stereospecific opiate binding sites are pharmacological receptors which mediate analgesia and anti-diarrheal action.