New York University

About: New York University is a education organization based out in New York, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 72380 authors who have published 165545 publications receiving 8334030 citations. The organization is also known as: NYU & University of the City of New York.

The Resource-Based View of the Firm in Two Environments: The Hollywood Film Studios From 1936 to 1965

Abstract: This article continues to operationally define and test the resource-based view of the firm in a study of the major U.S. film studios from 1936 to 1965. We found that property-based resources in th...

Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Abstract: ContextVarious anatomic brain abnormalities have been reported for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with varying methods, small samples, cross-sectional designs, and without accounting for stimulant drug exposure.ObjectiveTo compare regional brain volumes at initial scan and their change over time in medicated and previously unmedicated male and female patients with ADHD and healthy controls.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCase-control study conducted from 1991-2001 at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md, of 152 children and adolescents with ADHD (age range, 5-18 years) and 139 age- and sex-matched controls (age range, 4.5-19 years) recruited from the local community, who contributed 544 anatomic magnetic resonance images.Main Outcome MeasuresUsing completely automated methods, initial volumes and prospective age-related changes of total cerebrum, cerebellum, gray and white matter for the 4 major lobes, and caudate nucleus of the brain were compared in patients and controls.ResultsOn initial scan, patients with ADHD had significantly smaller brain volumes in all regions, even after adjustment for significant covariates. This global difference was reflected in smaller total cerebral volumes (−3.2%, adjusted F1,280 = 8.30, P = .004) and in significantly smaller cerebellar volumes (−3.5%, adjusted F1,280 = 12.29, P = .001). Compared with controls, previously unmedicated children with ADHD demonstrated significantly smaller total cerebral volumes (overall F2,288 = 6.65; all pairwise comparisons Bonferroni corrected, −5.8%; P = .002) and cerebellar volumes (−6.2%, F2,288 = 8.97, P<.001). Unmedicated children with ADHD also exhibited strikingly smaller total white matter volumes (F2,288 = 11.65) compared with controls (−10.7%, P<.001) and with medicated children with ADHD (−8.9%, P<.001). Volumetric abnormalities persisted with age in total and regional cerebral measures (P = .002) and in the cerebellum (P = .003). Caudate nucleus volumes were initially abnormal for patients with ADHD (P = .05), but diagnostic differences disappeared as caudate volumes decreased for patients and controls during adolescence. Results were comparable for male and female patients on all measures. Frontal and temporal gray matter, caudate, and cerebellar volumes correlated significantly with parent- and clinician-rated severity measures within the ADHD sample (Pearson coefficients between −0.16 and −0.26; all P values were <.05).ConclusionsDevelopmental trajectories for all structures, except caudate, remain roughly parallel for patients and controls during childhood and adolescence, suggesting that genetic and/or early environmental influences on brain development in ADHD are fixed, nonprogressive, and unrelated to stimulant treatment.

The emerging role of electronic marketplaces on the Internet

Abstract: Markets play a central role in the economy, facilitating the exchange of information, goods, services and payments. In the process, they create economic value for buyers, sellers, market intermediaries and for society at large. Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the role of information technology in markets, both in traditional markets, and in the emergence of electronic marketplaces, such as the multitude of Internet-based online auctions.