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Institution

North Bengal Medical College

OtherDarjeeling, India
About: North Bengal Medical College is a other organization based out in Darjeeling, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Airway. The organization has 624 authors who have published 691 publications receiving 5492 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The All India Difficult Airway Association (AIDAA) proposes a stepwise plan for the safe management of the airway in obstetric patients based on available evidence, and recommendations were arrived at by consensus opinion of airway experts.
Abstract: The All India Difficult Airway Association (AIDAA) guidelines for management of the unanticipated difficult airway in adults provide a structured, stepwise approach to manage unanticipated difficulty during tracheal intubation in adults. They have been developed based on the available evidence; wherever robust evidence was lacking, or to suit the needs and situation in India, recommendations were arrived at by consensus opinion of airway experts, incorporating the responses to a questionnaire sent to members of the AIDAA and the Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists. We recommend optimum pre-oxygenation and nasal insufflation of 15 L/min oxygen during apnoea in all patients, and calling for help if the initial attempt at intubation is unsuccessful. Transnasal humidified rapid insufflations of oxygen at 70 L/min (transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange) should be used when available. We recommend no more than three attempts at tracheal intubation and two attempts at supraglottic airway device (SAD) insertion if intubation fails, provided oxygen saturation remains ≥ 95%. Intubation should be confirmed by capnography. Blind tracheal intubation through the SAD is not recommended. If SAD insertion fails, one final attempt at mask ventilation should be tried after ensuring neuromuscular blockade using the optimal technique for mask ventilation. Failure to intubate the trachea as well as an inability to ventilate the lungs by face mask and SAD constitutes 'complete ventilation failure', and emergency cricothyroidotomy should be performed. Patient counselling, documentation and standard reporting of the airway difficulty using a 'difficult airway alert form' must be done. In addition, the AIDAA provides suggestions for the contents of a difficult airway cart.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both the doses of LGG (1010 and 1012 CFU) were equally effective to decrease the frequency and duration of diarrhea and reduction in hospital stay in patients of AWD.
Abstract: AimTo evaluate the effective dose of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as probiotic in acute watery diarrhea (AWD) in Indian children.SettingHospital-based study.DesignRandomized, controlled, blinded trial.MethodsAll patients of AWD admitted over 1 year were included in the study. They were randomize

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The EMT-inducing potential of CXCL13 is shown as well as the prognostic value of C XCL13–CXCR5 co-expression in primary BC is demonstrated, suggesting that CxCL13-CX CR5–RANKL–Src axis may present a therapeutic target in LNM positive BC patients.
Abstract: We investigated the expression of –CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor –CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) in 98 breast cancer (BC) patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma, out of which 56 were found lymph node metastasis (LNM) positive. Interestingly, co-expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5 showed a significant correlation with LNM. Since, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highly associated with metastasis we investigated EMT-inducing potential of CXCL13 in BC cell lines. In CXCL13-stimulated BC cells, expression of various mesenchymal markers (Vimentin, N-cadherin), EMT regulators (Snail, Slug), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) was increased, whereas the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin was found to be decreased. In addition, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), which is known to regulate MMP9 expression via Src activation, was also significantly increased after CXCL13 stimulation. Using specific protein kinase inhibitors, we confirmed that CXCL13 stimulated EMT and MMP9 expression via RANKL–Src axis in BC cell lines. To further validate this observation, we examined gene expression patterns in primary breast tumors and detected significantly higher expression of various mesenchymal markers and regulators in CXCL13–CXCR5 co-expressing patients. Therefore, this study showed the EMT-inducing potential of CXCL13 as well as demonstrated the prognostic value of CXCL13–CXCR5 co-expression in primary BC. Moreover, CXCL13–CXCR5–RANKL–Src axis may present a therapeutic target in LNM positive BC patients.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Out of the two clinical isolates of the Indian isolates, one was found to harbor a mutation in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) at position 407 that can potentially alter receptor binding of the virus.
Abstract: Since 2002, β coronaviruses (CoVs) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 late in 2019 (also named as COVID-19 or novel coronavirus 2019 or nCoV2019). Spike (S) protein, one of the structural proteins of this virus plays key role in receptor (ACE2) binding and thus virus entry. Thus, this protein has attracted scientists for detailed study and therapeutic targeting. As the nCoV2019 takes its course throughout the world, more and more sequence analyses are being done and genome sequences are being deposited in various databases. From India, two clinical isolates have been sequenced and the full genome has been deposited in GenBank. We have performed sequence analyses of the Spike protein of the Indian isolates and compared with that of the Wuhan, China (where the outbreak was first reported). While all the sequences of Wuhan isolates are identical, we found point mutations in the Indian isolates. Out of the two isolates, one was found to harbor a mutation in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) at position 407. At this site, arginine (a positively charged amino acid) was replaced by isoleucine (a hydrophobic amino acid that is also a C-β branched amino acid). This mutation has been seen to change the secondary structure of the protein at that region and this can potentially alter receptor binding of the virus. Although this finding needs further validation and more sequencing, the information might be useful in rational drug designing and vaccine engineering.

80 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PGE1 analogue, misoprostol, for inducing abortion or labour during mid‐trimester in women who have had a prior Caesarean section.
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PGE1 analogue, misoprostol, for inducing abortion or labour during mid-trimester in women who have had a prior Caesarean section (one or more). Study design: Women who had to undergo termination of pregnancy between 13 and 26 weeks of gestation for various indications and who had at least one previous Caesarean section were studied over a period of two and a half years. The standard regimen for misoprostol in all the cases was 400 µg up to 20 weeks of gestation and 200 µg for pregnancies longer than 20 weeks, either vaginally or sublingually every six hours (up to maximum 24 h). A contemporaneous cohort of women undergoing the same procedure for similar indications but without scarred uteri served as control. Results: Eighty women in the study group underwent termination procedures for unwanted pregnancy, missed abortion, fetal anomaly or fetal death. The median induction–abortion interval was 16.4 h (10–21 h) and did not differ much from that in women without previous Caesarean delivery (median: 15.6 h; range 9.6–20 h), P > 0.05. Misoprostol was found to be safe in our cohort of post-Caesarean women and there was no case of scar rupture or dehiscence. No significant differences in rates of incomplete abortions, blood loss or sepsis were detected in the study group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The use of misoprostol for mid-trimester pregnancy termination is not contraindicated in women with Caesarean scar and is effective and comparable with those in women without scarred uteri.

74 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20222
202126
202025
201932
201833
201742