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Institution

Northampton Community College

EducationBethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
About: Northampton Community College is a education organization based out in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 3410 authors who have published 4582 publications receiving 130398 citations. The organization is also known as: Northampton County Area Community College.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Food consumption and nutrient intakes in the UK from the first year of the NDNS rolling programme (2008–09) are identified and compared with the 2000–01 NDNS of adults aged 19–64 years and the 1997 ND NS of young people aged 4–18 years.
Abstract: The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) is a cross-sectional survey designed to gather data representative of the UK population on food consumption, nutrient intakes and nutritional status. The objectives of this paper were to identify and describe food consumption and nutrient intakes in the UK from the first year of the NDNS Rolling Programme (2008-09) and compare these with the 2000-01 NDNS of adults aged 19-64y and the 1997 NDNS of young people aged 4-18y. Differences in median daily food consumption and nutrient intakes between the surveys were compared by sex and age group (4-10y, 11-18y and 19-64y). There were no changes in energy, total fat or carbohydrate intakes between the surveys. Children 4-10y had significantly lower consumption of soft drinks (not low calorie), crisps and savoury snacks and chocolate confectionery in 2008-09 than in 1997 (all P< 0.0001). The percentage contribution of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) to food energy was also significantly lower than in 1997 in children 4-10y (P< 0.0001), contributing 13.7-14.6% in 2008-09 compared with 16.8% in 1997. These changes were not as marked in older children and there were no changes in these foods and nutrients in adults. There was still a substantial proportion (46%) of girls 11-18y and women 19-64y (21%) with mean daily iron intakes below the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI). Since previous surveys there have been some positive changes in intakes especially in younger children. However, further attention is required in other groups, in particular adolescent girls.

194 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded from this work that differing low protein diet manipulations in rat pregnancy elicit different programming effects upon the developing cardiovasculature.
Abstract: Maternal nutrition has been identified as a factor determining fetal growth and risk of adult disease. In rats, the feeding of a low protein diet during pregnancy retards fetal growth and induces hypertension in the resulting offspring. Rat models of low protein feeding have been extensively used to study the mechanisms that may link maternal nutrition with impaired fetal growth and later cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Low protein diets of differing composition used in different laboratories have yielded inconsistent data on the relationship between maternal protein intake and offsprings' blood pressure. Two separate low protein diet protocols were compared in terms of their ability to programme hypertension during fetal life. Pregnant rats were assigned to receive one of four diets. Two diets were obtained from a commercial supplier and provided casein at 22 or 9% by weight (H22, control; H9, low protein). The other two diets, manufactured in our own facility, provided 18% casein (S18, control) or 9% casein (S9, low protein) by weight. The diets differed principally in their overall fat content, fatty acid composition, methionine content and the source of carbohydrate. Feeding of the experimental diets commenced on the first day of pregnancy and continued until the rats delivered their litters. Following weaning all the offspring had blood pressure determined on a single occasion. Both low protein diets reduced maternal weight gain relative to their corresponding control diets. Despite this litter sizes were unaffected by the dietary protocols. Both low protein diets reduced birthweights of the pups. Systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated in the offspring of rats fed a low protein S9 diet relative to all other groups (P < 0.05). Animals exposed to H9 diet in utero had similar blood pressures to their H22 controls. It is concluded from this work that differing low protein diet manipulations in rat pregnancy elicit different programming effects upon the developing cardiovasculature. The balance of protein and other nutrients may be a critical determinant of the long-term health effects of maternal undernutrition in pregnancy.

193 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of a questionnaire study involving twelve GP practices in Northamptonshire, UK, of factors which affect access and utilization in asthmatics and diabetics confirmed that current service provision afforded a differential level of service to patients, which does not directly reflect their level of need.
Abstract: Differences in levels of utilization vary and are a function of socio-economic and geographical factors. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire study involving twelve GP practices in Northamptonshire, UK, of factors which affect access and utilization in asthmatics and diabetics; these groups were selected to control for differences in utilization behaviour, as a result of different aetiologies. The questionnaire sought data on: residential location of patients, utilization characteristics of primary health-care, personal circumstances and mobility and hindrances to access and utilization. Key themes were identified relating to age, gender, social class, employment, ethnicity and proximity to the GP surgery. The young, elderly and females report higher rates of utilization, as do nonmanual workers and those who are unemployed. However, accessibility and utilization vary greatly in response to mobility and locational characteristics; these variations tend to be masked by data on overall rates of usage. Optimal scaling techniques were used to investigate the interactions between the factors affecting accessibility and utilization, and to characterize patients in terms of their levels of utilization. Results confirmed that current service provision afforded a differential level of service to patients, which does not directly reflect their level of need.

193 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Volberg et al. as discussed by the authors presented results from the first national survey of problem gambling completed in Sweden, which was unique in its quality and representa-tiveness, due to the use of multiple modes of data collection, recruitmentof respondents from national registers rather than from households, and high response rate.
Abstract: Munksgaard 2001.Objective: This paper presents results from the first national survey ofproblem gambling completed in Sweden.Method: The Swedish survey is unique in its quality and representa-tiveness, due to the use of multiple modes of data collection, recruitmentof respondents from national registers rather than from households, andhigh response rate.Results: In spite of high rates of gambling participation in Sweden, thecombined prevalence of problem and pathological gambling in Sweden isrelatively low (3.9% lifetime and 2.0% current). Multivariate analysisshows that being male, under the age of 25 and born abroad aresignificant risk factors for lifetime gambling problems in Sweden.Additional risk factors are being single, living in big cities, and receivingsocial welfare payments.Conclusion: The groups most at risk for gambling problems in Swedenare people disadvantaged and marginalized by international economicchanges as well as the dismantling of the Swedish welfare system.Rachel A. Volberg

192 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived a formula for the optimal investment allocation (derived from a dynamic programming approach) in a defined contribution (DC) pension scheme whose fund is invested in n assets and then analyzed the particular case of n=2 (where the presence in the market of a high-risk and a low-risk asset whose returns are correlated) and study the investment allocation and the downside risk faced by the retiring member of the DC scheme, where optimal investment strategies have been adopted.
Abstract: In this paper, we derive a formula for the optimal investment allocation (derived from a dynamic programming approach) in a defined contribution (DC) pension scheme whose fund is invested in n assets. We then analyse the particular case of n=2 (where we consider the presence in the market of a high-risk and a low-risk asset whose returns are correlated) and study the investment allocation and the downside risk faced by the retiring member of the DC scheme, where optimal investment strategies have been adopted. The behaviour of the optimal investment strategy is analysed when changing the disutility function and the correlation between the assets. Three different risk measures are considered in analysing the final net replacement ratios achieved by the member: the probability of failing the target, the mean shortfall and a value at risk (VaR) measure. The replacement ratios encompass the financial and annuitisation risks faced by the retiree. We consider the relationship between the risk aversion of the member and these different risk measures in order to understand better the choices confronting different categories of scheme member. We also consider the sensitivity of the results to the level of the correlation coefficient.

191 citations


Authors

Showing all 3411 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Simon Baron-Cohen172773118071
Pete Smith1562464138819
Martin N. Rossor12867095743
Mark D. Griffiths124123861335
Richard G. Brown8321726205
Brendon Stubbs8175428180
Stuart N. Lane7633715788
Paul W. Burgess6915621038
Thomas Dietz6820337313
Huseyin Sehitoglu6732414378
Susan Golombok6721512856
David S.G. Thomas6322814796
Stephen Morris6344316484
Stephen Robertson6119723363
Michael J. Morgan6026612211
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20233
20221
202182
202073
201968
201865