Institution
Northumbria University
Education•Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom•
About: Northumbria University is a education organization based out in Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Visible light communication. The organization has 5624 authors who have published 17423 publications receiving 381949 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Northumbria at Newcastle.
Topics: Population, Visible light communication, Higher education, Context (language use), Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This paper proposes to invoke an IRS at the cell boundary of multiple cells to assist the downlink transmission to cell-edge users, whilst mitigating the inter-cell interference, which is a crucial issue in multicell communication systems.
Abstract: Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) constitute a disruptive wireless communication technique capable of creating a controllable propagation environment. In this paper, we propose to invoke an IRS at the cell boundary of multiple cells to assist the downlink transmission to cell-edge users, whilst mitigating the inter-cell interference, which is a crucial issue in multicell communication systems. We aim for maximizing the weighted sum rate (WSR) of all users through jointly optimizing the active precoding matrices at the base stations (BSs) and the phase shifts at the IRS subject to each BS’s power constraint and unit modulus constraint. Both the BSs and the users are equipped with multiple antennas, which enhances the spectral efficiency by exploiting the spatial multiplexing gain. Due to the non-convexity of the problem, we first reformulate it into an equivalent one, which is solved by using the block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm, where the precoding matrices and phase shifts are alternately optimized. The optimal precoding matrices can be obtained in closed form, when fixing the phase shifts. A pair of efficient algorithms are proposed for solving the phase shift optimization problem, namely the Majorization-Minimization (MM) Algorithm and the Complex Circle Manifold (CCM) Method. Both algorithms are guaranteed to converge to at least locally optimal solutions. We also extend the proposed algorithms to the more general multiple-IRS and network MIMO scenarios. Finally, our simulation results confirm the advantages of introducing IRSs in enhancing the cell-edge user performance.
865 citations
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TL;DR: The notes of 197 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy whose treatment was managed at the Newcastle muscle centre from 1967 to 2002 were reviewed, to determine whether survival has improved over the decades and whether the impact of nocturnal ventilation altered the pattern of survival.
857 citations
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TL;DR: There is more than a 50% probability that by 2030, national female life expectancy will break the 90 year barrier, a level that was deemed unattainable by some at the turn of the 21st century.
840 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of corporate board characteristics on the voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the form of a Carbon Disclosure Project report and found a significant positive association between gender diversity (measured as the percentage of female directors on the board) and the propensity to disclose GHG information as well as the extensiveness of that disclosure.
Abstract: This paper examines the impact of corporate board's characteristics on the voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the form of a Carbon Disclosure Project report. Using both univariate and regression models with a sample of the 329 largest companies in the United Kingdom, we find a significant positive association between gender diversity (measured as the percentage of female directors on the board) and the propensity to disclose GHG information as well as the extensiveness of that disclosure. In addition, a board with more independent directors or environmental committee show a higher tendency to be ecologic transparent. However, if the committee is not sufficiently large, independent or active, its effect seems insignificant. The results are consistent with stakeholder theory, suggesting that a diversified and independent board and the existence of a board-level environmental committee may balance a firm's financial and non-financial goals with limited resources and moderate the possible conflicting expectations of stakeholders who have disparate interests. The findings should be useful for top managers and regulators who are interested in improving corporate governance practices and climate-change strategies.
793 citations
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University of Leeds1, University of Exeter2, Imperial College London3, James Cook University4, Environmental Change Institute5, University College London6, University of Kent7, Duke University8, National Institute of Amazonian Research9, National Institute for Space Research10, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno11, Wageningen University and Research Centre12, University of Amsterdam13, Florida International University14, Institut national de la recherche agronomique15, Universidade Federal do Acre16, Tropenbos International17, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária18, National Chung Hsing University19, Paul Sabatier University20, National Park Service21, Amazon.com22, Federal University of Pará23, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso24, University of Texas at Austin25, Smithsonian Institution26, World Wide Fund for Nature27, Universidad Mayor28, Field Museum of Natural History29, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana30, University of Los Andes31, National University of Colombia32, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi33, Naturalis34, Utrecht University35, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute36, Northumbria University37, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee38, State University of Campinas39
TL;DR: It is confirmed that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, but the observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models
Abstract: Atmospheric carbon dioxide records indicate that the land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades, with a substantial fraction of this sink probably located in the tropics, particularly in the Amazon. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric composition continue to change. Here we analyse the historical evolution of the biomass dynamics of the Amazon rainforest over three decades using a distributed network of 321 plots. While this analysis confirms that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, we find a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation. Rates of net increase in above-ground biomass declined by one-third during the past decade compared to the 1990s. This is a consequence of growth rate increases levelling off recently, while biomass mortality persistently increased throughout, leading to a shortening of carbon residence times. Potential drivers for the mortality increase include greater climate variability, and feedbacks of faster growth on mortality, resulting in shortened tree longevity. The observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models.
767 citations
Authors
Showing all 5812 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Peter Hall | 132 | 1640 | 85019 |
William J. Kraemer | 123 | 755 | 54774 |
Adrian Jenkins | 118 | 427 | 66331 |
Timothy D. Noakes | 110 | 701 | 39090 |
David R. Smith | 110 | 881 | 91683 |
Christopher P. Day | 101 | 304 | 43632 |
Mark Walker | 97 | 622 | 58554 |
Christopher D. Buckley | 88 | 440 | 25664 |
Simon C. Robson | 88 | 552 | 29808 |
Keith Wesnes | 83 | 344 | 19628 |
Tibor Hortobágyi | 79 | 455 | 22017 |
Ling Shao | 78 | 782 | 26293 |
Derek K. Jones | 76 | 375 | 33916 |
Alan Richardson | 76 | 363 | 19893 |
Andrew R. Gennery | 74 | 392 | 16621 |