Nottingham Trent University

About: Nottingham Trent University is a education organization based out in Nottingham, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Addiction. The organization has 4702 authors who have published 12862 publications receiving 307430 citations. The organization is also known as: NTU & Trent Polytechnic.

A review of the physiology of potato tuber dormancy.

Abstract: Summary. A review of the scientific literature relating to the physiology of potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber dormancy is presented. Effort has been concentrated on an up-to-date overview of the current state of understanding, rather than comprehensively covering the very extensive literature going back over many decades. The format chosen follows the fate of the crop. After defining tuberisation and dormancy, the physiological activity of the dormant tuber is reviewed and the storage environment is considered from both a physical and chemical standpoint. Advances in chemical control and the potential for molecular biology are highlighted.

DNA demethylation and histone deacetylation inhibition co‐operate to re‐express estrogen receptor beta and induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell‐lines

Abstract: INTRODUCTION Epigenetic silencing mechanisms are increasingly thought to play a major role in the development of human cancers, including prostate cancer. Promoter CpG island hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), respectively, are associated with transcriptional repression in a number of cancers. Evidence is accumulating the two mechanisms are dynamically linked, yet few studies have examined a potential interaction in prostate cancer. METHODS LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cells were co-treated with a DNMT inhibitor, 5′-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-AZAC), and an HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA). Following treatment cells were processed for cell proliferation/apoptosis assays, or harvested for real-time RT-PCR. Assessed target genes were estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PGR), and prostate specific antigen (PSA). RESULTS In all cell-lines, co-treatment was associated with reduced cell proliferation compared with control groups (P < 0.05). A reciprocal rise in caspase activation was identified, indicating apoptosis was the major mechanism of cell death. Most marked effects were seen in the androgen-dependent, AR-positive LNCaP cell-line. In all cell-lines, an additive re-expression of ERβ was identified in the co-treatment group, a finding not seen for either AR or PSA. CONCLUSION At concentrations associated with gene re-expression, the DNA demethylating agent 5-AZAC and the HDAC inhibitor TSA co-operate to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell-lines. Increased apoptosis in the co-treatment group was associated with marked re-expression of ERβ, raising the possibility of further targeting of prostate cancer cells with ERβ-selective agents. Prostate 68: 210–222, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Psychometric validation of the Persian Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale using classic test theory and Rasch models

Abstract: Background and aims: The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), a six-item self-report scale that is a brief and effective psychometric instrument for assessing at-risk social media addiction ...

Virulence studies of 'Enterobacter sakazakii' isolates associated with a neonatal intensive care unit outbreak

Abstract: Background In 1994, an outbreak of Enterobacter sakazakii infections in France occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit during which 17 neonates were infected. More than half of the infected neonates had severe clinical symptoms; 7 cases of necrotising enterocolitis (one with abdominal perforation), one case of septicemia, and one case of meningitis. The other 8 neonates were shown to be colonized but remained asymptomatic. There were three deaths. Four distinguishable pulsotypes of E. sakazakii were isolated during the outbreak, and the deaths were attributable to one pulsotype. This paper compares strains, from the four pulsotypes, for attachment and invasion of mammalian intestinal cells, macrophage survival and blood-brain barrier invasion. A fourth death from septic shock also occurred during the E. sakazakii outbreak. This was due to E. cloacae which at the time of the outbreak had been misidentified as E. sakazakii. This isolate has been included in this study.