Nottingham Trent University

About: Nottingham Trent University is a education organization based out in Nottingham, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Addiction. The organization has 4702 authors who have published 12862 publications receiving 307430 citations. The organization is also known as: NTU & Trent Polytechnic.

How Do Hunter-Gatherer Children Learn Subsistence Skills? : A Meta-Ethnographic Review.

Abstract: Hunting and gathering is, evolutionarily, the defining subsistence strategy of our species. Studying how children learn foraging skills can, therefore, provide us with key data to test theories about the evolution of human life history, cognition, and social behavior. Modern foragers, with their vast cultural and environmental diversity, have mostly been studied individually. However, cross-cultural studies allow us to extrapolate forager-wide trends in how, when, and from whom hunter-gatherer children learn their subsistence skills. We perform a meta-ethnography, which allows us to systematically extract, summarize, and compare both quantitative and qualitative literature. We found 58 publications focusing on learning subsistence skills. Learning begins early in infancy, when parents take children on foraging expeditions and give them toy versions of tools. In early and middle childhood, children transition into the multi-age playgroup, where they learn skills through play, observation, and participation. By the end of middle childhood, most children are proficient food collectors. However, it is not until adolescence that adults (not necessarily parents) begin directly teaching children complex skills such as hunting and complex tool manufacture. Adolescents seek to learn innovations from adults, but they themselves do not innovate. These findings support predictive models that find social learning should occur before individual learning. Furthermore, these results show that teaching does indeed exist in hunter-gatherer societies. And, finally, though children are competent foragers by late childhood, learning to extract more complex resources, such as hunting large game, takes a lifetime.

Home‐based teleworking and the employment relationship: Managerial challenges and dilemmas

Abstract: As home‐based teleworking grows in the UK, more evidence is needed of how working from home shapes the employment relationship and the implications this may have for those line managers responsible for a home‐based workforce. The reported experiences of a sales team and their line managers at one large international drinks manufacturing company of teleworking during its first year of operation revealed the importance of developing understanding of the complex interface between the domains of work and home life. The findings suggest individual circumstances require close attention before implementing home‐based working with line managers recalibrating perceptions of the boundaries between home and work for positive employee relationships to develop within a new paradigm of “home‐work” relations.

A Review of Three-Dimensional Imaging Technologies for Pavement Distress Detection and Measurements

Abstract: With the ever-increasing emphasis on maintaining road assets to a high standard, the need for fast accurate inspection for road distresses is becoming extremely important Surface distresses on roads are essentially three dimensional (3-D) in nature Automated visual surveys are the best option available However, the imaging conditions, in terms of lighting, etc, are very random For example, the challenge of measuring the volume of the pothole requires a large field of view with a reasonable spatial resolution, whereas microtexture evaluation requires very accurate imaging Within the two extremes, there is a range of situations that require 3-D imaging Three-dimensional imaging consists of a number of techniques such as interferometry and depth from focus Out of these, laser imagers are mainly used for road surface distress inspection Many other techniques are relatively unknown among the transportation community, and industrial products are rare The main impetus for this paper is derived from the rarity of 3-D industrial imagers that employ alternative techniques for use in transportation In addition, the need for this work is also highlighted by a lack of literature that evaluates the relative merits/demerits of various imaging methods for different distress measurement situations in relation to pavements This overview will create awareness of available 3-D imaging methods in order to help make a fast initial technology selection and deployment The review is expected to be helpful for researchers, practicing engineers, and decision makers in transportation engineering

Remote working-altering the spatial contours of work and home in the new economy

Abstract: The temporal pattern of work has changed in its daily, weekly and monthly rhythms, but so has the ‘spatiality’ of work: for some paid work is undertaken at home, or in cyberspace. Telecommuting can be used to ‘improve’ the lifestyles of long distance weekly commuters and their families.

Feeling Like a Domestic Goddess Postfeminism and Cooking

Abstract: This article examines the significance of cookery writer and television cook Nigella Lawson in relation to debates about postfeminism, arguing that her work negotiates a form of feminine identity between the frequently polarized figures of `the feminist' and `the housewife'. It locates Nigella's work within feminist research into the meanings that women bring to their cooking practices within the sexual division of labour, arguing that her work offers an alternative way of imaging women's relationship to food based on the pleasures of cooking and eating rather than pleasing others. The article draws on Ang to explore how the figure of the domestic goddess constructed by Nigella offers a means of negotiating temporal constraints at the level of fantasy.