Showing papers by "Nova Southeastern University published in 1987"

Convergent and discriminant validity of the Taylor and Buss measures of physical aggression.

Abstract: Although the Taylor and Buss paradigms have been the most widely used measures of human physical aggression, few attempts have been made to establish validity of the measures. The present investigation attempted to demonstrate convergent and discriminant validity of the paradigms. Fifty-five males engaged in five tasks designed to measure helping, competition, and aggression. Correlations computed among these measures lend support for convergent and discriminant validity of the Taylor and Buss paradigms.

A New Species Of Chevalia From The Caribbean Sea (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

Abstract: -A new Caribbean species, Chevalia carpenteri is described; heretofore only one species of the genus was known, but we have examined material that suggests morphs may represent distinct species or subspecies. We report C. mexicana and extend its range from the northern Gulf of Mexico to Belize. Our new species differs from the world complex of C. aviculae morphs in the ovate article 2 of pereopods 5-7 and the posteriorly flat epimera with large notches. Chevalia has heretofore been monotypic, the type species being C. aviculae Walker (1904) from Ceylon. Two other species, Chevalia mexicana Pearse (1913) from the Gulf of Mexico and Neophotis inaequalis Stout (1913) from California were synonymized with C. aviculae by Shoemaker (1942) and J . L. Barnard (1962, 1970). Chevalia mexicana is redescribed from specimens collected at Belize and reexamination of type material in Smithsonian Institution. A strongly d istinct new species from the Florida Keys and Belize is described and some previous materials reported as C. aviculae from California , Hawaii, and the Galapagos Islands, are reviewed. This new study suggests that C. aviculae has minutely distinct populations in those places but the type material from Ceylon remains obscure and an elaboration of possible species of subspecies around the tropics is not possible. A new diagnosis of the genus and a key to these taxa is presented below.

The rate and amount of food intake as determinants of vomiting

Abstract: Vomiting of nonmedical origin by retarded persons has been found to be greatly influenced by reinforcement procedures. To explicate the possible influence of the rate and amount of food intake, a satiation procedure and a spaced-eating procedure were provided to three profoundly retarded adults with this problem. Vomiting was found to double or triple after satiation for each subject, and to decrease during spaced eating for each subject; the decrease was especially great for the two subjects who learned to eat most slowly after extended spaced eating training. These results suggest that vomiting is caused in large part by excessive stomach loading and can be effectively treated by reducing the eating rate and/or amount of food intake. This generalization may also apply to infants and to the bulimic binge-purge cycle of nonretarded adults.