Showing papers by "Nova Southeastern University published in 1989"
128 citations
TL;DR: Changes in pigmentation and the processes that caused them were studied in Montastrea annularis during a natural bleaching event off southeast Florida, which contributed to bleaching and reduced carotenoid levels.
Abstract: Bleaching (loss of pigmentation) is a common response by corals to environmental stress. Changes in pigmentation and the processes that caused them were studied in Montastrea annularis during a natural bleaching event off southeast Florida. Chlorophyll c, peridinin, and diadinoxanthin levels were 35, 17, and 20 times higher in normal corals than in bleached ones. Two processes, loss of zooxanthellae from the coral and loss of pigments from the remaining zooxanthellae, contributed to bleaching. Loss of zooxanthellar pigment accounted for 72% of the decrease in Chl c. The two processes contributed about equally to reduced carotenoid levels.
127 citations
TL;DR: In an analogue experiment of juror behavior, the effect of amount of damages requested on amount awarded was examined by as mentioned in this paper, who found that the more money requested in damages, the more a jury will award.
Abstract: In almost every personal injury trial the injured person's attorney must decide how much to ask the jury to award in damages. Research regarding attitude change in other settings indicates that the more extreme the persuading message is, the more attitude change occurs. This tendency suggests that the more money requested in damages, the more a jury will award. In an analogue experiment of juror behavior, the effect of amount of damages requested on amount awarded was examined. One hundred fifty-eight American college students read two detailed case summaries of real personal injury cases, with each summary containing one of four amounts requested for damages by the injured person's attorney. The results showed a significant effect of amount requested upon the amount awarded. The effect was consistent across cases and across injured persons of different sexes and ethnic groups.
43 citations
TL;DR: The eye-squinting tic of a 9-year-old girl was found to be reduced somewhat by facial relaxation and almost eliminated by voluntary soft blinking for brief experimental periods and offers a clinical method of effective treatment by arranging it on a response-contingent basis.
30 citations
01 Feb 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a multidisciplinary long-term field experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of chemical dispersants to reduce the adverse environmental effects of oil spills in nearshore, tropical waters.
Abstract: A multidisciplinary long-term field experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of chemical dispersants to reduce the adverse environmental effects of oil spills in nearshore, tropical waters. Three study sites, whose intertidal and subtidal components consisted of mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs, were studied in detail before, during, and after exposure to untreated crude oil or chemically dispersed oil. This study simulated an unusually high (“worst case”) exposure level of dispersed oil and a moderate exposure level of untreated oil. The third site served as an untreated reference site. Assessments were made of the distribution and extent of contamination by hydrocarbons over time, and the short- and long-term effects on survival, abundance, and growth of the dominant flora and fauna of each habitat. The whole, untreated oil had severe, long-term effects on survival of mangroves and associated fauna, and relatively minor effects on seagrasses, corals, and associated organisms. Chemi...
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship among self-efficacy, expectations, performance, and competitive outcome on a physical endurance task and found that personal, but not competitive, selfefficacy would affect performance on the experimental task.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy, expectations, performance, and competitive outcome, on a physical endurance task. The study identifies two types of self-efficacy: personal, i.e., expectations based on an internally derived standard of performance, and competitive, i.e., expectations based on a externally derived standard of performance. It was predicted that personal, but not competitive, self-efficacy would affect performance on the experimental task. On the other hand, competitive outcome feedback would significantly influence competitive, but not personal, self-efficacy. Seventy-two subjects possessing high or low personal self-efficacy for their ability on a leg-endurance task were randomly assigned to competitive self-efficacy and competitive outcome conditions. The subjects competed twice against a confederate in a manipulated contest of leg endurance such that the outcome paralleled the outcome condition to which they were assigned. Performance and competitive self-efficacy were measured following each trial. The results indicated that, as predicted, personal self-efficacy but not competitive self-efficacy was predictive of subsequent performance. In addition, competitive outcome feedback affected competitive self-efficacy. It was concluded that disparate types of self-efficacy, performance, and outcome information affect each other differentially.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the resolution of a nonlinear parametric adjustment model is addressed through an isomorphic geometrical setup with tensor structure and notation, represented by a u-dimensional model surface embedded in a flat n-dimensional "observational space".
Abstract: The resolution of a nonlinear parametric adjustment model is addressed through an isomorphic geometrical setup with tensor structure and notation, represented by a u-dimensional “model surface” embedded in a flat n-dimensional “observational space”. Then observations correspond to the observational-space coordinates of the pointQ, theu initial parameters correspond to the model-surface coordinates of the “initial” pointP, and theu adjusted parameters correspond to the model-surface coordinates of the “least-squares” point\(\bar P\). The least-squares criterion results in a minimum-distance property implying that the vector\(\bar P\)Q must be orthogonal to the model surface. The geometrical setup leads to the solution of modified normal equations, characterized by a positive-definite matrix. The latter contains second-order and, optionally, thirdorder partial derivatives of the observables with respect to the parameters. This approach significantly shortens the convergence process as compared to the standard (linearized) method.
15 citations
TL;DR: An isopycnal float has been developed which provides a description of water parcel motion and simultaneous measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence, pressure and temperature along a chosen SNT surface.
Abstract: An isopycnal float has been developed which provides a description of water parcel motion and simultaneous measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence, pressure and temperature along a chosen isopycnal surface. The device consists of a modified Swallow float with a “compressee” to match the compressibility of the float to that of seawater, so that pressure-induced buoyancy changes are removed. The solid-state fluorometer, modified from a preexisting design, provides a measure of the temporal variability in chlorophyll a fluorescence. A pilot deployment of the float was made in September 1986 within a shelf water entrainment feature along the northern edge of the Gulf Stream near 37°N, 73°W. A primary application of the float is to measure upwelling velocities and the concurrent changes in the chlorophyll a fluorescence field.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, actual and psychological equity restoration techniques were considered to predict the amount of aggression an individual would emit after being subjected to either positive or negative inequity, and the effect of prior equity restoration attempts on aggression was also tested.
8 citations
TL;DR: This article conducted a field experiment in which ski racers were randomly assigned to manipulated outcomes and then made attributions for these outcomes and found that participants attributed success more than failure to internal, facilitating factors, and failure more than success to internal debilitating factors.
Abstract: Previous field studies of self-attributions have used correlational methodologies. Consequently, one cannot be sure that the performance outcomes themselves produced the divergent attributions typically found. To address this problem, a field experiment was performed in which ski racers were randomly assigned to manipulated outcomes and then made attributions for these outcomes. A second problem with previous research concerns the wording of items assessing attributions. The wording itself might sometimes produce divergent attributions in the absence of any self-serving motivations. To address this issue, subjects made attributions to positively and negatively valenced factors. Although divergent attributions were found, they do not appear to be self-serving. Although participants attributed success more than failure to internal, facilitating factors, they also attributed failure more than success to internal, debilitating factors. These results support the information-processing, rather than the motivati...
8 citations
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: A new species Ampelisca burkei, from Florida, is described, which appears to be very close to A. lobata Holmes, from the eastern Pacific Ocean, but differs in the shape and setation of article 4 on pereopod 7, and the presence of an anteroventral spine-seta on article 5 of pereOPod 7.
Abstract: -A new species Ampelisca burkei, from Florida, is described. This species appears to be very close to A. lobata Holmes, from the eastern Pacific Ocean, but differs in the shape and setation of article 4 on pereopod 7, and the presence of an anteroventral spine-seta on article 5 of pereopod 7. The new species, Ampelisca burkei described herein is a twin of A. lobata Holmes from the eastern Pacific. The differences between the two species are very small but recognition of both is justified by the trend for taxonomists to find and validate at the specific level small differences between Pacific and Atlantic amphipods. Small morphological characters are extremely consistent over wide geographic areas in the family Ampeliscidae. This consistency is not widely shared by amphipod groups, and care must be taken to document variation in particular characters before incorporating them into a taxonomic treatment. For example, Barnard (1980) separated the Pacific Metharpinia oripacijica from the Atlantic M. f/oridana by the presence or absence of a single spine on the inner plate of the maxillipeds (2 spines in Pacific, one in Atlantic populations). Dickinson (1982) separated the Pacific Ampelisca fageri from the Atlantic A. schellenbergi on subtle shapes and setation patterns of coxa I , pereopod 7 and uropod 3. Ampelisca burkei, new species Figs. 1-5 ?Ampelisca lobata. -J. L. Barnard, 1954b: 2 (not Holmes, 1908, possible misidentified specimens from Colombia and Aruba). Description of holotype, male, 4.92 mm.Body smooth; urosomite I elevated, with thick keel , urosomites 2-3 coalesced, with strong dorsal saddle. Head as long as first three pereonites combined, slightly longer than tall , with short rostrum; head with lobe below attachment of antenna I , then head sloping down and posteriorwards in two steps, no ventral tooth. One corneal lens present on each side strongly removed from anterior margin, second pair on ventral margin far below laterallobe. Brown (unusual) pigmentary mass present for each lens, similar mass behind • upper paIr. Antenna I slender, much shorter than antenna 2, reaching 25 percent along flagellum of antenna 2; peduncle short, articles 1-2 equally long, article 3 short; base of flagellum forming callynophore; accessory flagellum absent; main flagellum 5 times as long as peduncle, first 2 articles with aesthetascs attached ventrally. Antenna 2 about 2.4 times as long as antenna I , about 1.4 times as long as body, peduncular article 5 almost as long as 4, anterior margins of articles 3-5 with male setular tufts, flagellum 3 times as long as peduncle. Epistome weakly and obtusely projecting anteriorly, labrum incised distally, broader than long (tall). Labium normal , with welldeveloped inner lobes. Mandible with well-developed strong triturative molar, incisor toothed ; palp 3-articulate, article I short, article 2 longer than 3, setose, article 3 non-falciform , not dilated distally, with 3 D setae, 4 E setae. Maxilla I : inner lobe with 2 short simple 376 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used behavioral contracting between an employee and her supervisor to structure their discussion in arriving at mutually acceptable performance standards and reinforcers, and the results showed an improvement of specific employee behaviors for which behavioral contracting was arranged for the duration of the contracted reinforcement.
Abstract: Employee performance has been shown to be improved by reinforcement procedures that are determined by the supervisor. The present study used behavioral contracting between an employee and her supervisor to structure their discussion in arriving at mutually acceptable performance standards and reinforcers. A multiple baseline design across responses was used with an employee who conducted training sessions with persons who are mentally retarded in a large institution. The results showed an improvement of the specific employee behaviors for which behavioral contracting was arranged for the duration of the contracted reinforcement. Behavioral contracting may be useful as a structured method of achieving employee-supervisor agreements in employee motivation programs.
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: One of the dominant amphipods in algal turf communities at Discovery Bay, Jamaica, is a new species, Gammaropsis arawakia, characterized by long peduncle ofuropod 3, small coxa I, 3-articulate accessory flagellum, extremely setose gnathopod 2, one pair of dorsal teeth on urosomite I, pointed ocular lobe, and oblique upper margin of cephalic sinus for antenna 2.
Abstract: -One of the dominant amphipods in algal turf communities at Discovery Bay, Jamaica, is a new species, Gammaropsis arawakia, characterized by long peduncle ofuropod 3, small coxa I, 3-articulate accessory flagellum, extremely setose gnathopod 2, one pair of dorsal teeth on urosomite I, pointed ocular lobe, and oblique upper margin of cephalic sinus for antenna 2. Gammaropsis arawakia is very abundant in the algal turf that now (1986) covers the heavily disturbed reef at Discovery Bay, Jamaica. The living coral was damaged by the hurricane of 1980 and any regenerants almost completely exterminated by algal turf in 1984-1986. This turf developed following the death of the herbivorous urchins Diadema antillarum (information from Director Dr. Jeremy Woodley). A nearby loading dock for bauxite may also be a factor in the disturbance, although we are informed that the coral damage and turf development are common to most of the north coast of Jamaica. Discovery Bay is also characterized by the presence of large, cold freshwater seeps. Other amphipod genera present in this turf mat are Lembos, Elasmopus and Hyale. Isaeidae Gammaropsis arawakia, new species Figs. 1-3 Etymology. -Named for the Arawak, former Indian tribe of the central Caribbean. Diagnosis. -Ocular lobe projecting moderately, bearing sharp anterior cusp, lower antennal sinus with oblique dorsal margin; eyes of medium size, with irregular mass of purple pigment surrounded sparsely by clear ommatidia. Accessory flagellum 3-articulate, articles 1-2 long, apical article minute. Epistome sharply produced into long anterior spike. Mandibular palp article 3 clavate, with subdistal anterior notch, heavily setose. Inner plate of maxilla I naked, outer plate with 9 spines. Plates of maxilla 2 broad, inner with oblique facial row of 6 setae. Anterior coxae short, coxa 1 less than half as wide as coxa 2, rounded-quadrate anteroventrally, coxa 3 narrower than coxa 2, coxa 5 as long as coxa 4. Carpus of gnathopod 1 longer than propodus, dactyl strongly overreaching oblique palm. Article 2 of gnathopod 2 densely setose mediodistally, carpus short, propodus greatly enlarged, palm oblique, convex, defined by tooth lacking spine, densely setose medially and anteriorly, these setae projecting dorsally and medially. Locking spines of pereopods 3-4 absent, of pereopods 5-7 forming unequal pair. Pereopods 5-7 of similar structure but increasingly longer, article 2 very narrow and smooth posteriorly. Epimera 1-3 similar, each with small posteroventral tooth and setule-notch, posterior margins weakly convex. Urosomite I with pair of weak dorsal teeth side by side. Uropod I with medium interramal tooth, lacking on uropod 2; each ramus ofuropods 1-2 with elongate apical spine. Peduncle of uropod 3 elongate, rami lanceolate but almost rod-like, subequal to each other but longer than peduncle, outer ramus with 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
TL;DR: In this paper, the two instructors of two students with profound mental retardation were found to increase their training behaviors, but had no effect on student learning, when the reinforcement for the instructors was instead made contingent upon student learning.
Abstract: The present study reinforced the two instructors of two students with profound mental retardation first for the instructors' training behaviors, then for improved student learning in a multiple baseline across responses design. Reinforcement of the instructors' training behaviors increased their training behaviors, replicating the findings of previous studies, but had no effect on student learning. When the reinforcement for the instructors was instead made contingent upon student learning, the student learning improved and the instructors' high level of training behaviors was maintained. In addition, the instructors began to request training for themselves. These findings suggest that staff motivation programs for instructors might usefully base the reinforcers not only on the instructor's performance, but on the progress of their students.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Modification de la methode de Spalteholz : Etude des differences de la vascularisation des vertebres aux niveaux cervical, dorsal et lombaire et ensuite de the vascularisation de chacun des elements vertebraux.
Abstract: Modification de la methode de Spalteholz. Etude des differences de la vascularisation des vertebres aux niveaux cervical, dorsal et lombaire et ensuite de la vascularisation de chacun des elements vertebraux