Showing papers by "Novartis published in 1971"

Cystinpeptide aus (S‐Acetamidomethyl‐cystein)‐peptiden durch Oxydation mit Jod: Die synthese von cyclo‐L‐cystin

Abstract: The conversion of S-acetamidomethyl cysteine peptides to by a reaction with iodine is described. The method is applied in the synthesis of the hitherto unknown cyclo-L-cystine. The structure of this compound was confirmed by molecular weight determination, NMR. and mass spectroscopy.

Treatment of water or aqueous systems

Abstract: Compositions for inhibiting corrosion and scale formation in aqueous systems which consist essentially of from 20 to 97.5% by weight of total composition of (a) a combination of zinc and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride and (b) 2.5 to 80% by weight of total composition of a corrosion inhibitor, particularly benzotriazole.

Plasma and adrenal corticosterone levels during the different phases of the sexual cycle in normal female rats

Abstract: Es wird das physiologische Verhalten von Corticosteron in den einzelnen Zyklusphasen im Plasma und in den Nebennieren normaler weiblicher Ratten untersucht. Die Corticosteronkonzentrationen in Plasma und Nebennieren sind wahrend der Proostrusphase signifikant hoher als wahrend den anderen Zyklusphasen. Der normale Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus bleibt in allen Zyklusphasen aufrechterhalten.

The primary structure of transfer ribonucleic acid.

Abstract: Aus einem Vergleich der beschriebenen Sequenzen verschiedener Transferribonukleinsauren lassen sich Schlusse uber die allgemeine Struktur dieser Molekule ziehen. Samtliche Sequenzen lassen Basenpaarungen zu, die sich zweidimensional in einer Kleeblattform darstellen lassen. Die bisher bekannten Transferribonukleinsauren lassen sich in 3 Klassen aufteilen, je nachdem, ob sie 3–4 Basenpaare im DHU- und einen kurzen oder langen Extra-Arm besitzen. Die Verteilung der seltenen Nukleotide weist eine auffallende Regelmassigkeit auf. MethylierteBasen kommen meistens nur an einer bestimmten Stelle des Molekuls vor, nur vier wurden an zwei Stellen beschrieben. Dihydrouridin und Pseudouridin wurden an 6 bzw. 9 Stellen gefunden. Dies durfte darauf hinweisen, dass die Enzyme, die Nukleotide in der Transferribonukleinsaure modifizieren, nicht spezifische Transferribonukleinsauren erkennen, sondern spezifische Stellen in den verschiedensten Molekulen. Anhand der serinspezifischen Transferribonukleinsauren aus Rattenleber wird gezeigt, dass multiple Species vorliegen, die zum Teil das gleiche Codon erkennen konnen, sich aber in der Primarsequenz unterscheiden.

The Use of a Standardized Adjuvant Arthritis Assay to Differentiate Between Anti-inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Agents

Abstract: SummaryVarious methods for inducing AA in rats were examined using different rat strains, adjuvant preparations, and sites of injection. The time course of the development of arthritis in the injected and nonin-jected extremity was determined and methods for inducing a disease with limited variability and a high incidence was demonstrated. Standard compounds were tested in two models of AA with special reference to denning a method for discriminating between inhibition due to immunosuppression (IS) and that due to anti-inflammatory (AI) effects. 12 daily doses of IS agents, started on the day of adjuvant injection, totally prevented the disease in the noninjected extremity when measurements were made on day 21. Standard AI agents were ineffective. This test (nonestablished arthritis) was therefore capable of detecting compounds with immunosuppressive potential. The same standard compounds were administered daily for 12 days after the peak of the disease had been reached (established arthritis). In this te...

Bone marrow origin of complement-receptor lymphocytes.

Abstract: Substantial regeneration of complement-receptor lymphocytes (CRL) took place in lymph nodes of adult thymectomized whole-body X-irradiated mice reconstituted with semi-allogeneic (F1) bone marrow. In the presence of complement, alloantisera directed against the transplanted bone marrow killed more than 95% of the lymphoid cells of such chimeras. Moreover, lymph node cell suspensions and lymphoid tissue sections of neonatally thymectomized or adult thymectomized, irradiated and marrow-grafted mice contained an increased proportion of CRL. The results concur to establish proof that CRL are of extrathymic, bone marrow origin.

Process for the encapsulation of substances which are finely distributed in a liquid and capsule compositions produced thereby

Abstract: AN ENCAPSULATION PROCESS IS PROVIDED WHEREIN THE SUBSTANCES TO BE ENCAPSULATED ARE DISPERSED IN A DISTRIBUTION MEDIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF A REACTIVE TENSIDE WHICH IS CAPABLE TO FORM A COMPOUND INSOLUBLE IN THE DISTRIBUTION MEDIUM. THE DISPERSED REACTIVE TENSIDE IS CONVERTED TO THE IRREVERSIBLE, INSOLUBLE STATE FORMING A PRIMARY CAPSULE SUSPENSION AND THEN MIXED WITH AN AMINOPLAST PRECONDENSATE SOLUTION TO FORM A SECONDARY SUSPENSION OF CAPSULES HAVING STRENGTHENED WALLS. THE REACTIVE TENSIDE AND THE AMINOPLAST PRECONDENSATE ALSO MAY BE ADDED TOGETHER AND CONVERTED TO THE IRREVERSIBLY INSOLUBLE STATE AT THE SAME TIME. THE CAPSULES ARE USEFUL TO ENCAPSULATE MOST DIVERSE ACTIVE SUBSTANCES, SUCH AS SOLVENTS, DYESTUFFS, PIGMENTS OR PESTICIDES.

Method of applying pilfer-proof closures

Abstract: Method of applying a pilferproof closure which has a capping portion and has joined thereto along a failure line of reduced strength a security ring which has adjacent said failure line an annular portion from which extends a skirt portion having a thickness less than that of the annular portion. The closure member is formed from thermoplastic material and the skirt portion is warm rolled onto an undercut section of the neck of a container without heating the material at the failure line so as to distort it.

Poly alkanol esters of alkylthio-alkanoic acids

Abstract: Alkyl esters derived from alkylthioalkanoic acids and alkane polyols are stabilizers of organic material normally subject to thermal and oxidative deterioration. They are prepared by conventional esterification techniques. Typical embodiments are pentearythritol tetrakis (3-n-dodecylthiopropionate) and ethylene bis (3-n-didecylthiopropionate). The esters are used in conjunction with phenolic antioxidants to effectively stabilize organic materials from the deliterious effects of heat and oxygen.

Stabilized polyamide compositions

Abstract: Heat stabilized synthetic polyamide compositions are prepared by incorporating therein a mixture of a phenolic antioxidant and metal hypophosphite, a copper compound and metal halide. A typical embodiment includes polyamides which are stabilized with 1,2-bis[3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionamido]ethane and sodium hypophosphite, copper acetate and potassium iodide.

Effects of cyclophosphamide on embryonic development in the rabbit.

Abstract: Groups of pregnant rabbits were given cyclophasphamide (Endoxan Asta®) in single intravenous doses of 30 mg/kg on different days from the 6th day to the 14th day of gestation. On the 28th day (shortly before term) the foetuses were removed by caesarean section. Administration of cyclophosphamide about the time of implantation led to an increase in the number of early embryonic deaths. Injection of cyclophosphamide at the later stages resulted in an increased number of foetal deaths. About 10% of the foetuses from dams treated on the 7th day of pregnancy exhibited malformations, in particular disturbances of ventral closure. When cyclophosphamide was administered on the 11th day of pregnancy more than 30% of the foetuses were found to have median cleft palates and other malformations of jaws and lips. All the foetuses from dams treated on the 12th day showed oligodactylia and brachydactylia. The latter type of malformation was also present when treatment was given on the 13th day. The embryotoxic effect of cyclophosphamide administration was particularly evident in the early periods of embryonic development. In contrast, the teratogenic action was more confined to the later periods of organogenesis. Teratogenicity occurred in two peaks corresponding to characteristic ‘phaenocritical’ phases of development. The first and lower peak coincided with the period of histiotrophic nutrition and the second and higher peak corresponded to the heamotrophic phase. It is concluded that embryotoxicity and teratogenicity are largely independent phenomena.

Substituted 4 indazolaminoquinolines

Abstract: Substituted indazolaminoquinolines, acid addition salts thereof as well as N-oxides thereof are anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and anti-malarial agents. Illustrative embodiments are 7-chloro-4-(6-indazolamino)-quinoline and ethyl 7-chloro-4-(6-indazolamino)-quinoline-3-carboxylate.

Die Synthese von Insulinfragmenten mit intakter interchenarer Disulfidbrücke A20‐B19

Abstract: The synthesis of six insulin fragments is described, in which various sequences of the two chains are linked by the disulfide bridge between A20 and B19. The fragments in question are: A20–21–B19–21, A20–21–B18–21, A20–21–B17–21, A19–21–B19–21, A16–21–B18–21 and A20–21–B12–21. In order to build up the simpler fragments the disulfide bridge was established by oxidation with iodine of two S-trityl cysteine peptides in which the carboxyl and amino groups were protected by the t-butyl and t-butyloxycarbonyl residue. From the mixture obtained the unsymmetrical cystine peptide was separated in all cases from the two symmetrical ones by counter-current distribution. In the synthesis of the more complex fragments advantageous use was made of smaller unsymmetrical fragments prepared as above but having one amino group protected by the N-trityl residue. After selective elimination of this group it was possible to lengthen the peptide chain at this position. The free peptides were obtained by removal of the protecting groups with strong acids, in particular concentrated hydrochloric acid. While in this deprotecting step the disulfide bond was stable, conditions are discussed under which disproportionation was observed. None of the six synthetic insulin fragments showed activity in stimulating rat adipose tissue to convert 14C-labelled glucose to CO2in vitro.

Polyazo pigments of the 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3-carboxylic acidarylide series

Abstract: WHEREIN R IS AN ARYLENE GROUP, THE BONDS TO WHICH ARE NOT IN THE ORTHO-POSITION, X IS HYDROGEN OR CHLORINE ATOM AND N IS A WHOLE NUMBER GREATER THAN 3, ARE USEFUL FOR COLORING PLASTIC AND LACQUERS, ESPECIALLY SOFT POLYVINYL CHLORIDE IN RED SHADES WITH GOOD LIGHT AND SUBLIMATION FASTNESS PROPERTIES. (1-((2-CL,4-X,5-(-CO-)-PHENYL)-N=N-),2-(HO-),3-(-CO-)- NAPHTHALENE)N (-NH-R-NH-)N POLYAZO PIGMENTS OF THE FORMULA

Polyesters derived from dimethylol propionic acid in admixture with polyepoxides

Abstract: COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CARBOXYL CONTAINING POLYESTERS AND DI- OR POLYEPOXIDES. THE COMPOSITIONS WHEN CURED EXHIBIT EXCELLENT ADHESION TO UNTREATED AND TREATED SUBSTRATES, EXCELLENT FLEXIBILITY AND GOOD RESISTANCE TO CHEMICAL ATTACK.

Effect of Crystal Modification on Dyeing Behaviour of Disperse Dyes

Abstract: Meetings of the Manchester Region held at the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, Manchester, on 15 January 1970, Mr H. R. Hadfield in the chair; and of the Leeds Junior Section, held in the Department of Colour Chemistry and Dyeing, University of Leeds, on 19 January 1970, Mr K R. F. Cockett in the chair The dye 2-nitroaniline-4-ethylsulphone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-aminopyrazole (aminopyrazole yellow) has been isolated in five different crystal modifications. The saturation values of these modifications in cellulose acetate have been determined at 80°C. Crystal modifications are important in the disperse dyeing of cellulose acetate and polyester materials because of their influence on colour yield and the stability of the dispersion.

Process for the production of amorphous transparent polyethylene mouldings by the combined injection and blow moulding technique

Abstract: THE PRODUCTION OF TRANSPARENT AMORPHOUS ARTICLES FROM POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATES BY USING A POLYESTER OF AN INTRINSIC VISCOSITY OF AT LEAST 0.7 DL/G. AND A CRYSTALLISATION TEMPERATURE OF AT LEAST 150*C.

Quaternary anthraquinone dyestuffs

Abstract: A CATIONIC ANTHRAQUINONE DYESTUFF, THE CATIONIC PORTION OF WHICH IS FREE OF GROUPS THAT DISSOCIATE ACIDLY IN WATER AND CORRESPONDS TO THE FORMULA (1-(R1-CH(-R2)-NH-),4-(X1-N(+)(-X2)(-X3)-Q-NH-)-ANTHRA QUINONE) Y(-) WHEREIN R1 AND R2 EACH REPRESENT A LOWER ALKYL GROUP, Q REPRESENTS A LOWER ALKYLENE GROUP, X1 AND X2 EACH DENOTES AN OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED LOWER ALKYL GROUP, OR X1 AND X2 TOGETHER WITH THE NITROGEN ATOM THAT UNITES THEM AND, OPTIONALLY WITH INCLUSION OF A FURTHER HETERO ATOM, REPRESENT A HETEROCYCLIC RADICAL, X3 REPRESENTS AN OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED ALKYL, CYCLOALKYL OR ARYLALKYL RADICAL, AND Y REPRESENT THE ANION EQUIVALENT OF AN INORGANIC OR ORGANIC ACID.

Sublimatory transfer dyeing with 2-cyano-1,4-diamino anthraquinones

Abstract: NON-TEXTILE SHEET MATERIALS FOR CARRYING OUT TRANSFER PRINTING, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THEY CARY A DYESTUFF OF THE FORMULA 1-(NH2-)(N-1),1-(R1-N(-R2)-)(2-N),2-(NC-)(N-1),2-(Y-)(2-N) ,4-(PHENYL- OR CYCLOHEXYL-NH-)(N-1),4-(R''-N(-R2'')-)(2-N) -ANTHRAQUINONE WHEREIN THE RING A IS AROMATIC OR SATURATED, R1 IS A HYDROGEN ATOM OR AN ALKYL RADICAL CONTAINING 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS, R2 REPRESENTS A HYDROGEN ATOM OR AN ALKYL RADICAL CONTAINING 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS, Y IS A HYDROGEN, A BROMINE OR A CHLORINE ATOM OR A METHOXY GROUP, R1'' DENOTES A HYDROGEN ATOM OR AN ALKYL RADICAL CONTAINING 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS, R2'' REPRESENTS AN ALKYL GROUP CONTAINING 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS, AND N IS 1 OR 2, WITH THE PROVISO THAT IF Y IS A HYDROGEN ATOM, THE ALKYL GROUPS PRESENT MUST CONTAIN AT LEAST 3 CARBON ATOMS, OR A MIXTURE OF SUCH DYESTUFFS AND OPTIONALLY OTHER SULIMABLE DYESTUFFS AND/OR OPTICAL BRIGHTENERS.

Diarylide pigment compositions

Abstract: A process in which a diarylide pigment composition is produced by coupling a tetrazotised pigment benzidine with a pigment coupling agent, preferably an acetoacetarylamide, and incorporating in the pigment a water-soluble coupled diarylide dyestuff, preferably prior to the isolation and drying of the pigment, and the diarylide pigment composition having better colour strength and transparency properties than conventional diarylide pigments when incorporated in printing inks.

Comparative dominant lethal studies with phenylbutazone, thio-TEPA and MMS in the mouse.

Abstract: Im Gegensatz zu Thio-TEPA (N, N′, N″-Triaethylen-thiophosphoramid) und MMS (Methansulfonsauremethylester) fuhrten i.p. Dosen von Phenylbutazon (50 und 100 mg/kg) bei der Maus, unter Berucksichtigung von post- und prae-implantativen Gestationsstadien, zu keinen genetischen Effekten im Sinne der Induktion von dominanten Letalfaktoren.

Method of manufacture of devices for emitting vapours of active volatile agents

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of devices for emitting vapours of active volatile agents, in particular those which are insecticidal, insect-repellent or condition the air especially in closed spaces. Liquid containing or constituted by the active agent and a solid mass having as base a macromolecular substance other than natural cellulose are placed in a container, e.g. a sachet, which is then sealed and stored until the liquid is completely absorbed by the mass, forming a solid solution therein. The device is put in operation by opening and/or removing the container.

New adducts, containing epoxide groups, from polyepoxide compounds and binuclear n-heterocyclic compounds

Abstract: New ''''advanced'''' adducts, containing epoxide groups, from (1) polyepoxide compounds which on an average contain more than one epoxide group in the molecule, and (2) less than one equivalent of NH groups for every epoxide equivalent of the polyepoxide compound (1) of a binuclear, five or six-membered, unsubstituted or substituted N-heterocyclic compound with an endocyclic NH group in each nucleus, the heterocyclic rings being linked by a divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical, preferably an alkylene radical, which may be interrupted by oxygen atoms, e.g. the reaction product of 2 mols of diomethanediglycidyl ether and 1 mol of 1,1''-methylene-bis-(5,5-dimethylhydantoin). The epoxide resins ''''advanced'''' by means of such nitrogen compounds have a good storage stability and excellent electrical properties.

Tamperproof container for vials or the like

Abstract: A tamperproof container for vials and the like formed from a receptacle base member and a lid which are adapted to be connected to each other by means of an interfitting structure of pins and columns extending from the lid and the base. The interfitting structure can be mechanically joined, chemically bonded, or ultrasonically welded, as is adapted to permanently join the lid to the base and to separate the assembled container into several sections. The lid is formed with frangible zones which are positioned to align with each of the sections of the assembled container so that access to each of the sections of the assembled container can be obtained only by removing the frangible zone directly above that section.