Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre

About: Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre is a healthcare organization based out in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Arthroplasty. The organization has 2082 authors who have published 2920 publications receiving 145718 citations.

The Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacement using a minimally-invasive approach

Abstract: This prospective study describes the complications and survival of the first 688 Phase 3 Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacements implanted using a minimally-invasive technique by two surgeons and followed up independently. None was lost to follow-up. We had carried out 132 of the procedures more than five years ago. The clinical assessment of 101 of these which were available for review at five years is also presented. Nine of the 688 knees were revised: four for infection, three for dislocation of the bearing and two for unexplained pain. A further seven knees (1%) required other procedures: four had a manipulation under anaesthesia, two an arthroscopy and one a debridement for superficial infection. The survival rate at seven years was 97.3% (95% confidence interval 5.3). At five years, 96% of the patients had a good or excellent American Knee Society score, the mean Oxford knee score was 39 and the mean flexion was 133°. This study demonstrates that the minimally-invasive Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement is a reliable and effective procedure.

The Localization of Androgen Receptors in Human Bone

Abstract: Androgens have important effects on the human skeleton, and deficiency has been associated with bone loss in both males and females. The skeletal actions of androgens may be mediated directly via the androgen receptor (AR) or indirectly via the estrogen receptor after aromatization to estrogens. The presence of androgen receptors has been demonstrated in bone cells and chondrocytes in vitro, but their presence in human bone in situ has not been reported. In order to provide further evidence for a direct action of androgens on bone via androgen receptors, we have used specific monoclonal antibodies to investigate the expression of human AR in normal developing and osteophytic bone of both sexes. In the growth plates from the developing bone, androgen receptors were predominantly expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes and in osteoblasts at sites of bone formation. They were also observed in osteocytes in the bone, and in mononuclear cells and endothelial cells of blood vessels within the bone marrow. In the...

The vascular contribution to osteogenesis

Abstract: In this work the role of the blood vessels surrounding the epiphysial growth plate has been studied. The nutritional dependence of the proliferative cells on the epiphysial vessels has been established whereas the metaphysial vessels were seen to take part in calcification and ossification at the metaphysis. As it does not seem likely that the blood circulating in the two systems of vessels had a different constitution, particularly in hormones and vitamins, it seems permissible to assume that it is the characteristics, particularly in shape and number, of such vessels that make growth the orderly process it is, with the repeated birth of a cell at the top of a column and burial at the bottom end. But, despite this undeniable role of the vessels, growth depends on the ability of the cartilage cell to form a matrix which, in due course, will be avid for apatite crystals.

Total elbow arthroplasty: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE UNTIL THE END OF 2003

Abstract: Prosthetic total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is a recognised treatment for the painful arthritic elbow. The available implants can be broadly grouped into linked, where the humeral and ulnar components are physically connected, and unlinked. The former group can be subdivided further depending on

Cell‐surface expression and immune receptor recognition of HLA–B27 homodimers

Abstract: Objective. HLA–B27 is capable of forming in vitro a heavy-chain homodimer structure lacking 2microglobulin. We undertook this study to ascertain if patients with spondylarthritis express 2-microglobulin– free HLA–B27 heavy chains in the form of homodimers and receptors for HLA–B27 homodimers. Methods. Expression of HLA–B27 heavy chains by mononuclear cells was analyzed by fluorescenceactivated cell sorter staining, Western blotting with the monoclonal antibody HC-10, and 2-dimensional isoelectric focusing. Fluorescence-labeled tetrameric complexes of HLA–B27 heavy-chain homodimers were constructed in which each dimer comprised one His-tagged heavy chain and one biotinylated heavy chain, and were used to stain patient and control mononuclear cells and transfected cell lines. Results. Patients with spondylarthritis expressed cell-surface HLA–B27 homodimers. Populations of synovial and peripheral blood monocytes, and B and T lymphocytes from patients with spondylarthritis, and controls carried receptors for HLA–B27 homodimers. Experiments with transfected cell lines demonstrated that KIR3DL1 and KIR3DL2, and immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4), but not ILT2, are receptors for HLA–B27 homodimers. Conclusion. Patients with spondylarthritis express both HLA–B27 heavy-chain homodimers and receptors for HLA–B27 homodimers. This may be of significance with regard to disease pathogenesis.