scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Oak Ridge Associated Universities

EducationOak Ridge, Tennessee, United States
About: Oak Ridge Associated Universities is a education organization based out in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Divertor. The organization has 1144 authors who have published 1684 publications receiving 41243 citations. The organization is also known as: ORAU & Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Craig J. Pollock1, T. E. Moore1, A. D. Jacques1, James L. Burch2, U. Gliese1, Yoshifumi Saito, T. Omoto, Levon A. Avanov3, Levon A. Avanov1, A. C. Barrie1, Victoria N. Coffey4, John C. Dorelli1, Daniel J. Gershman1, Daniel J. Gershman5, Daniel J. Gershman3, Barbara L. Giles1, T. Rosnack1, C. Salo1, Shoichiro Yokota, M. L. Adrian1, C. Aoustin, C. Auletti1, S. Aung1, V. Bigio1, N. Cao1, Michael O. Chandler4, Dennis J. Chornay1, Dennis J. Chornay3, K. Christian1, George Clark6, George Clark7, George Clark1, Glyn Collinson1, Glyn Collinson7, T. Corris1, A. De Los Santos2, R. Devlin1, T. Diaz2, T. Dickerson1, C. Dickson1, A. Diekmann4, F. Diggs1, C. Duncan1, A. Figueroa-Vinas1, C. Firman1, M. Freeman2, N. Galassi1, K. Garcia1, G. Goodhart2, D. Guererro2, J. Hageman1, Jennifer Hanley2, E. Hemminger1, Matthew Holland1, M. Hutchins2, T. James1, W. Jones1, S. Kreisler1, Joseph Kujawski8, Joseph Kujawski1, V. Lavu1, J. V. Lobell1, E. LeCompte, A. Lukemire, Elizabeth MacDonald1, Al. Mariano1, Toshifumi Mukai, K. Narayanan1, Q. Nguyan1, M. Onizuka1, William R. Paterson1, S. Persyn2, Benjamin M. Piepgrass2, F. Cheney1, A. C. Rager1, A. C. Rager7, T. Raghuram1, A. Ramil1, L. S. Reichenthal1, H. Rodriguez2, Jean-Noël Rouzaud, A. Rucker1, Marilia Samara1, Jean-André Sauvaud, D. Schuster1, M. Shappirio1, K. Shelton1, D. Sher1, David Smith1, Kerrington D. Smith2, S. E. Smith7, S. E. Smith1, D. Steinfeld1, R. Szymkiewicz1, K. Tanimoto, J. Taylor2, Compton J. Tucker1, K. Tull1, A. Uhl1, J. Vloet2, P. Walpole1, P. Walpole2, S. Weidner2, D. White2, G. E. Winkert1, P.-S. Yeh1, M. Zeuch1 
TL;DR: The Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI) was developed for flight on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to measure the differential directional flux of magnetospheric electrons and ions with unprecedented time resolution to resolve kinetic-scale plasma dynamics as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Fast Plasma Investigation (FPI) was developed for flight on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to measure the differential directional flux of magnetospheric electrons and ions with unprecedented time resolution to resolve kinetic-scale plasma dynamics. This increased resolution has been accomplished by placing four dual 180-degree top hat spectrometers for electrons and four dual 180-degree top hat spectrometers for ions around the periphery of each of four MMS spacecraft. Using electrostatic field-of-view deflection, the eight spectrometers for each species together provide 4pi-sr field-of-view with, at worst, 11.25-degree sample spacing. Energy/charge sampling is provided by swept electrostatic energy/charge selection over the range from 10 eV/q to 30000 eV/q. The eight dual spectrometers on each spacecraft are controlled and interrogated by a single block redundant Instrument Data Processing Unit, which in turn interfaces to the observatory’s Instrument Suite Central Instrument Data Processor. This paper describes the design of FPI, its ground and in-flight calibration, its operational concept, and its data products.

1,038 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that AAE values for an Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) set of retrievals from Sun-sky measurements describing full aerosol vertical columns are also strongly correlated with aerosol composition or type.
Abstract: . Recent results from diverse air, ground, and laboratory studies using both radiometric and in situ techniques show that the fractions of black carbon, organic matter, and mineral dust in atmospheric aerosols determine the wavelength dependence of absorption (often expressed as Absorption Angstrom Exponent, or AAE). Taken together, these results hold promise of improving information on aerosol composition from remote measurements. The main purpose of this paper is to show that AAE values for an Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) set of retrievals from Sun-sky measurements describing full aerosol vertical columns are also strongly correlated with aerosol composition or type. In particular, we find AAE values near 1 (the theoretical value for black carbon) for AERONET-measured aerosol columns dominated by urban-industrial aerosol, larger AAE values for biomass burning aerosols, and the largest AAE values for Sahara dust aerosols. These AERONET results are consistent with results from other, very different, techniques, including solar flux-aerosol optical depth (AOD) analyses and airborne in situ analyses examined in this paper, as well as many other previous results. Ambiguities in aerosol composition or mixtures thereof, resulting from intermediate AAE values, can be reduced via cluster analyses that supplement AAE with other variables, for example Extinction Angstrom Exponent (EAE), which is an indicator of particle size. Together with previous results, these results strengthen prospects for determining aerosol composition from space, for example using the Glory Aerosol Polarimetry Sensor (APS), which seeks to provide retrievals of multiwavelength single-scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol optical depth (and therefore aerosol absorption optical depth (AAOD) and AAE), as well as shape and other aerosol properties. Multidimensional cluster analyses promise additional information content, for example by using the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) to add AAOD in the near ultraviolet and CALIPSO aerosol layer heights to reduce height-absorption ambiguity.

547 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data from Barrow, AK, at 71 degrees N show that rapid, photochemically driven oxidation of boundary-layer Hg0 after polar sunrise creates a rapidly depositing species of oxidized gaseous mercury in the remote Arctic troposphere at concentrations in excess of 900 pg m(-3).
Abstract: Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) is a globally distributed air toxin with a long atmospheric residence time. Any process that reduces its atmospheric lifetime increases its potential accumulation in the biosphere. Our data from Barrow, AK, at 71 degrees N show that rapid, photochemically driven oxidation of boundary-layer Hg0 after polar sunrise, probably by reactive halogens, creates a rapidly depositing species of oxidized gaseous mercury in the remote Arctic troposphere at concentrations in excess of 900 pg m(-3). This mercury accumulates in the snowpack during polar spring at an accelerated rate in a form that is bioavailable to bacteria and is released with snowmelt during the summer emergence of the Arctic ecosystem. Evidence suggests that this is a recent phenomenon that may be occurring throughout the earth's polar regions.

546 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An alkyl ether analog of phosphatidylcholine was prepared from choline plasmalogen of fresh beef heart by reducing the alk-1-enyl moiety to anAlkyl group and by hydrolyzing the sn -2 acyl moieties and replacing it with an acetoyl group.

533 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
21 Dec 2006-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report that the bright, nearby GRB 060614 does not fit into either class, while its temporal lag and peak luminosity fall entirely within the short-duration GRB subclass.
Abstract: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are known to come in two duration classes, separated at ~2 s. Long-duration bursts originate from star-forming regions in galaxies, have accompanying supernovae when these are near enough to observe and are probably caused by massive-star collapsars. Recent observations show that short-duration bursts originate in regions within their host galaxies that have lower star-formation rates, consistent with binary neutron star or neutron star–black hole mergers. Moreover, although their hosts are predominantly nearby galaxies, no supernovae have been so far associated with short-duration GRBs. Here we report that the bright, nearby GRB 060614 does not fit into either class. Its ~102-s duration groups it with long-duration GRBs, while its temporal lag and peak luminosity fall entirely within the short-duration GRB subclass. Moreover, very deep optical observations exclude an accompanying supernova, similar to short-duration GRBs. This combination of a long-duration event without an accompanying supernova poses a challenge to both the collapsar and the merging-neutron-star interpretations and opens the door to a new GRB classification scheme that straddles both long- and short-duration bursts.

500 citations


Authors

Showing all 1152 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Sheng Dai12298563472
C. Richard Boland8831430477
Charles O. Rock8727522236
Richard E. Carson8358731351
Andrew S. Murray8045532547
Lindy Blackburn7824224100
Thomas Thundat7862222684
Karren L. More7442828764
Gerald A. Tuskan7331325192
David B. Geohegan7134516422
Neil Greenberg6942922183
Eli Dwek6826816734
T. Sakamoto6552317443
Michael G. Stabin6127913617
Brian W. Sheldon6028512491
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
University of Wisconsin-Madison
237.5K papers, 11.8M citations

84% related

University of Minnesota
257.9K papers, 11.9M citations

83% related

Pennsylvania State University
196.8K papers, 8.3M citations

82% related

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
185.3K papers, 9.9M citations

82% related

University of California, Davis
180K papers, 8M citations

82% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20232
20227
202158
202049
201985
201859