Ohio State University

About: Ohio State University is a education organization based out in Columbus, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 102421 authors who have published 222715 publications receiving 8373403 citations. The organization is also known as: Ohio State & The Ohio State University.

MicroRNA Expression Abnormalities in Pancreatic Endocrine and Acinar Tumors Are Associated With Distinctive Pathologic Features and Clinical Behavior

Abstract: Purpose We investigated the global microRNA expression patterns in normal pancreas, pancreatic endocrine tumors and acinar carcinomas to evaluate their involvement in transformation and malignant progression of these tumor types. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting specific mRNAs for degradation or translation inhibition. Recent evidence indicates that microRNAs can contribute to tumor development and progression and may have diagnostic and prognostic value in several human malignancies. Materials and Methods Using a custom microarray, we studied the global microRNA expression in 12 nontumor pancreas and 44 pancreatic primary tumors, including 12 insulinomas, 28 nonfunctioning endocrine tumors, and four acinar carcinomas. Results Our data showed that a common pattern of microRNA expression distinguishes any tumor type from normal pancreas, suggesting that this set of microRNAs might be involved in pancreatic tumorigenesis; the expression of miR-103 and miR-107, as...

The Broadband Optical Properties of Galaxies with Redshifts 0.02 < z < 0.22

Abstract: Using photometry and spectroscopy of 183,487 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we present bivariate distributions of pairs of seven galaxy properties: four optical colors, surface brightness, radial profile shape as measured by the Sersic index, and absolute magnitude. In addition, we present the dependence of local galaxy density (smoothed on 8 h � 1 Mpc scales) on all of these properties. Several classic, well-known relations among galaxy properties are evident at extremely high signal-to-noise ratio: the color- color relations of galaxies, the color-magnitude relations, the magnitude-surface brightness relation, and the dependence of density on color and absolute magnitude. We show that most of the i-band luminosity density in the universe is in the absolute magnitude and surface brightness ranges used: � 23:5 < M0:1i < � 17:0 mag and 17 < l0:1i < 24 mag in 1 arcsec 2 (the notation z b represents the b band shifted blueward by a factor ð1 þ zÞ). Some of the relationships between parameters, in particular the color-magnitude relations, show stronger correlations for exponential galaxies and concentrated galaxies taken separately than for all galaxies taken together. We provide a simple set of fits of the dependence of galaxy properties on luminosity for these two sets of galaxies and other quantitative details of our results. Subject headings: galaxies: fundamental parameters — galaxies: photometry — galaxies: statistics On-line material: ASCII parameter files, color figure, FITS files 1. MOTIVATION There are strong correlations among the measurable physical properties of galaxies. The classification of galaxies along the visual morphological sequence described by Hubble (1936) correlates well with the dominance of their central bulge, their surface brightnesses, and their colors. These properties also correlate with other properties, such as metallicity, emission-line strength, luminosity in visual bands, neutral gas content, and the winding angle of the spiral structure (for a review, see Roberts & Haynes 1994). The surface brightnesses of giant galaxies classified morpho- logically as elliptical are known to be strongly correlated with their sizes (Kormendy 1977; Kormendy & Djorgovski 1989). Galaxy colors (at least of morphologically elliptical galaxies) are known to be strongly correlated with galaxy luminosity (Baum 1959; Faber 1973; Visvanathan & Sandage 1977; Terlevich et al. 2001). The gravitational mass of a galaxy is closely related to the luminosity and other galaxy properties. These galaxy relations manifest them-

Are Parents Investing Less in Children? Trends in Mothers' and Fathers' Time with Children.

Abstract: In this study, time diary data are used to assess trends in mothers’ and fathers’ child care time from the mid‐1960s to the late 1990s. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the results indicate that both mothers and fathers report spending greater amounts of time in child care activities in the late 1990s than in the “family‐oriented” 1960s. For mothers, there was a 1965–75 decline in routine child care time and then a 1975–98 rebound along with a steady increase in time doing more developmental activities. For 1998 fathers report increased participation in routine child care as well as in more “fun” activities. The ratio of married mothers’ to married fathers’ time in child care declined in all primary child care activities. These results suggest that parents have undergone a behavioral change that has more than countered family change that might otherwise have reduced time with children.