Institution
Ohio State University
Education•Columbus, Ohio, United States•
About: Ohio State University is a education organization based out in Columbus, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 102421 authors who have published 222715 publications receiving 8373403 citations. The organization is also known as: Ohio State & The Ohio State University.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Galaxy, Cancer, Breast cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CT-011, a novel anti-PD-1 antibody, enhances humanNK-cell function against autologous, primary MM cells, seemingly through effects on NK-cell trafficking, immune complex formation with MM cells and cytotoxicity specifically toward PD-L1(+) MM tumor cells but not normal cells.
759 citations
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Baylor College of Medicine1, Northwestern University2, Johns Hopkins University3, Harvard University4, Baystate Medical Center5, Wayne State University6, Rutgers University7, Columbia University8, Ohio State University9, University of Pennsylvania10, University of Washington11, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston12, Children's National Medical Center13
TL;DR: The burden of COVID-19 infection in North American PICUs is described and confirmed that severe illness in children is significant but far less frequent than in adults and prehospital comorbidities appear to be an important factor in children.
Abstract: Importance The recent and ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken an unprecedented toll on adults critically ill with COVID-19 infection. While there is evidence that the burden of COVID-19 infection in hospitalized children is lesser than in their adult counterparts, to date, there are only limited reports describing COVID-19 in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Objective To provide an early description and characterization of COVID-19 infection in North American PICUs, focusing on mode of presentation, presence of comorbidities, severity of disease, therapeutic interventions, clinical trajectory, and early outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included children positive for COVID-19 admitted to 46 North American PICUs between March 14 and April 3, 2020. with follow-up to April 10, 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures Prehospital characteristics, clinical trajectory, and hospital outcomes of children admitted to PICUs with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Results Of the 48 children with COVID-19 admitted to participating PICUs, 25 (52%) were male, and the median (range) age was 13 (4.2-16.6) years. Forty patients (83%) had significant preexisting comorbidities; 35 (73%) presented with respiratory symptoms and 18 (38%) required invasive ventilation. Eleven patients (23%) had failure of 2 or more organ systems. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was required for 1 patient (2%). Targeted therapies were used in 28 patients (61%), with hydroxychloroquine being the most commonly used agent either alone (11 patients) or in combination (10 patients). At the completion of the follow-up period, 2 patients (4%) had died and 15 (31%) were still hospitalized, with 3 still requiring ventilatory support and 1 receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The median (range) PICU and hospital lengths of stay for those who had been discharged were 5 (3-9) days and 7 (4-13) days, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance This early report describes the burden of COVID-19 infection in North American PICUs and confirms that severe illness in children is significant but far less frequent than in adults. Prehospital comorbidities appear to be an important factor in children. These preliminary observations provide an important platform for larger and more extensive studies of children with COVID-19 infection.
758 citations
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University of California, Berkeley1, Argonne National Laboratory2, University of California, Los Angeles3, Massachusetts Institute of Technology4, University of California, San Diego5, University of Minnesota6, University of Texas at Austin7, Cornell University8, University of South Florida9, Stanford University10, University of California, Santa Cruz11, Ohio State University12, University of Nottingham13, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic14, Radboud University Nijmegen15, Eindhoven University of Technology16, University of California, Irvine17, Drexel University18, Northwestern University19, Pennsylvania State University20, Oakland University21, National Institute of Standards and Technology22, Johns Hopkins University23, University of Denver24
TL;DR: This article reviews static and dynamic interfacial effects in magnetism, focusing on interfacially-driven magnetic effects and phenomena associated with spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic symmetry breaking at interfaces, identifying the most exciting new scientific results and pointing to promising future research directions.
Abstract: This article reviews static and dynamic interfacial effects in magnetism, focusing on interfacially-driven magnetic effects and phenomena associated with spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic symmetry breaking at interfaces. It provides a historical background and literature survey, but focuses on recent progress, identifying the most exciting new scientific results and pointing to promising future research directions. It starts with an introduction and overview of how basic magnetic properties are affected by interfaces, then turns to a discussion of charge and spin transport through and near interfaces and how these can be used to control the properties of the magnetic layer. Important concepts include spin accumulation, spin currents, spin transfer torque, and spin pumping. An overview is provided to the current state of knowledge and existing review literature on interfacial effects such as exchange bias, exchange spring magnets, spin Hall effect, oxide heterostructures, and topological insulators. The article highlights recent discoveries of interface-induced magnetism and non-collinear spin textures, non-linear dynamics including spin torque transfer and magnetization reversal induced by interfaces, and interfacial effects in ultrafast magnetization processes.
758 citations
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TL;DR: Cronbach's alpha (α) is a widely used measure of reliability used to quantify the amount of random measurement error that exists in a sum score or average generated by a multi-item measurement scalar.
Abstract: Cronbach’s alpha (α) is a widely-used measure of reliability used to quantify the amount of random measurement error that exists in a sum score or average generated by a multi-item measurement scal...
758 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence is provided that TAF are derived from mesenchymal stem cells that acquire a TAF phenotype following exposure to or systemic recruitment into adenocarcinoma xenograft models including breast, pancreatic, and ovarian and under long-term tumor conditioning in vitro, MSC express TAF–like proteins.
Abstract: Background
Tumor associated fibroblasts (TAF), are essential for tumor progression providing both a functional and structural supportive environment. TAF, known as activated fibroblasts, have an established biological impact on tumorigenesis as matrix synthesizing or matrix degrading cells, contractile cells, and even blood vessel associated cells. The production of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, and immunomodulatory mechanisms by these cells augment tumor progression by providing a suitable environment. There are several suggested origins of the TAF including tissue-resident, circulating, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transitioned cells.
Methodology/Principal Findings
We provide evidence that TAF are derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) that acquire a TAF phenotype following exposure to or systemic recruitment into adenocarcinoma xenograft models including breast, pancreatic, and ovarian. We define the MSC derived TAF in a xenograft ovarian carcinoma model by the immunohistochemical presence of 1) fibroblast specific protein and fibroblast activated protein; 2) markers phenotypically associated with aggressiveness, including tenascin-c, thrombospondin-1, and stromelysin-1; 3) production of pro-tumorigenic growth factors including hepatocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and interleukin-6; and 4) factors indicative of vascularization, including alpha-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. We demonstrate that under long-term tumor conditioning in vitro, MSC express TAF–like proteins. Additionally, human MSC but not murine MSC stimulated tumor growth primarily through the paracrine production of secreted IL6.
Conclusions/Significance
Our results suggest the dependence of in vitro Skov-3 tumor cell proliferation is due to the presence of tumor-stimulated MSC secreted IL6. The subsequent TAF phenotype arises from the MSC which ultimately promotes tumor growth through the contribution of microvascularization, stromal networks, and the production of tumor-stimulating paracrine factors.
758 citations
Authors
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Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Carlo M. Croce | 198 | 1135 | 189007 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
David H. Weinberg | 183 | 700 | 171424 |
Anil K. Jain | 183 | 1016 | 192151 |
Michael I. Jordan | 176 | 1016 | 216204 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Richard K. Wilson | 173 | 463 | 260000 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Brian L Winer | 162 | 1832 | 128850 |
Jian-Kang Zhu | 161 | 550 | 105551 |
Elaine R. Mardis | 156 | 485 | 226700 |
R. E. Hughes | 154 | 1312 | 110970 |