Showing papers by "Oklahoma State University–Stillwater published in 1970"
TL;DR: The stain, a combination of eosin B and fast green FCF, was effective in revealing acrosomal characteristics of spermatozoa in both fresh and frozen semen samples, indicating that the Wells-Awa stain may be a valuable addition to routinely used semen evaluation measures.
209 citations
TL;DR: The biosynthesis of lactose and the formulation of the Gal-β-1,4-GlcNAc linkage in the carbohydrate side chain of glycoproteins are compatible and are carried out by the same galactosyltransferase.
177 citations
TL;DR: The enzymic assay for the A protein of lactose synthetase (galactosyl transferase) was carefully evaluated using bovine α-lactalbumin to assay for purified bovines A protein and the Aprotein in rat mammary homogenates.
156 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the physiological function of α-lactalbumin is to lower the Km of glucose so that it may be used maximally for the synthesis of lactose.
134 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that inspection for wounds after chronic grouping provided a better index of relative aggressiveness for this type of experiment than did the more traditional short daily observations of paired animals.
95 citations
92 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that visual and speech imagery modes differ fundamentally in the manner in which they process information.
Abstract: Three experiments were conducted dealing with letter processing in visual and speech imagery. The first two experiments indicated that speech imagery is more rapid than visual imagery (about six letters per second for speech vs about two letters per second for vision). Postexperimental scaling of subjective fatigue also revealed differences between imagery modalities, with visual imagery conditions consistently more fatiguing than speech conditions. The third experiment dealt with error rates in learning to classify letters on the basis of visual image properties or on the basis of arbitrary letter names. Results showed much more efficient performance for classification based on visual image properties. It was concluded that visual and speech imagery modes differ fundamentally in the manner in which they process information.
87 citations
TL;DR: The stomach of Desmodus rotundus was found to have an extremely long fundic or cardiac caecum, which contained acinar and tubuloacinar glands quite unlike gastric glands previously described in Mammalia.
Abstract: The simple stomachs of Tadarida brasiliensis, Myotis velifer, and Antrozous pallidas are quite similar histologically, and contain gastric glands of the tubular variety seen in mammals generally. The stomach of Leptonycteris sanborni differs in being more saccular and in having tubular gastric glands that have few chief cells. The stomach of Desmodus rotundus was found to have an extremely long fundic or cardiac caecum, which contained acinar and tubuloacinar glands quite unlike gastric glands previously described in Mammalia.
46 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that all mutants blocked in the de novo pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis be designated nad rather than nic and mutants blocking in the pyridine nucleotide cycle be designated pnc.
Abstract: It is proposed that all mutants blocked in the de novo pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis be designated nad rather than nic It is further suggested that mutants blocked in the pyridine nucleotide cycle be designated pnc The nadB locus and a previously unidentified pur locus are cotransducible These two loci have been mapped near minute 49 on the standard genetic map of Escherichia coli The order of genes in that region is purC-guaB-purG-glyA-pur-nadB-tyrA-pheA
45 citations
44 citations
TL;DR: The activity of cosynthetase is higher in young red cells than in older ones, which explains the relatively high enzyme activities in blood from human patients with nonporphyric hemolytic disorders accompanied by reticulocytosis.
Abstract: Mean activity of the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase in hemolysates from five asymptomatic carriers of bovine erythropoietic porphyria was intermediate to the means of the activities in normal controls and affected animals. Similarly, mean cosynthetase activity in hemolysates from eight presumed carriers of human congenital erythropoietic porphyria was lower than the mean for 38 nonporphyric individuals and higher than the activity in hemolysates from patients. These results are consistent with the known autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of the disorder in cattle and the presumed autosomal recessive inheritance in man. The activity of cosynthetase is higher in young red cells than in older ones, which explains the relatively high enzyme activities in blood from human patients with nonporphyric hemolytic disorders accompanied by reticulocytosis. It also explains why cosynthetase activity is higher in newborn porphyric calves than in older porphyric animals, because the former have a period of accelerated erythropoiesis and a high percentage of very young red cells in the circulation.
TL;DR: Ten % formalin produced the least shrinkage and provided the best cytological detail of fixed material in both types of spores, and all fixatives caused shrinkage of myxosporidan spore length and polar capsule length.
Abstract: The effects of fixation, dehydration and staining on the morphological dimensions of myxo- and microsporidan spores were tested. Seven fixatives, two dehydrants and five stains were tested. Ten % formalin produced the least shrinkage and provided the best cytological detail of fixed material in both types of spores. All fixatives caused shrinkage of myxosporidan spore length and polar capsule length. Spore capsule width and polar capsule width were unaffected by 10% formalin. Ethyl alcohol caused no significant change in spore width. Microsporidan spore length shrunk with all fixatives, but spore width was generally unaffected. Dehydration, with either isopropyl alcohol or acetone, produced additional, significant shrinkage. The influence of stains on spore size was negligible. Heidenhains iron hematoxylin followed by eosin, and Mallory's analine-blue collagen stain, effectively stained myxo- and microsporidan spores.
TL;DR: Uridine diphosphogalactose 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.2) was purified 250-fold from bovine mammary gland acetone powder and requires additional NAD+ for maximum activity (Km = 5 × 10−7 m).
TL;DR: The mass spectra of the all-trans-isomers of retinol (vitamin A), anhydroretinol, retinyl acetate, retinal, retinoic acid and methyl retinoate, and 9-cis-retinal were investigated, providing a quick and unambiguous method of identification.
TL;DR: The mating behavior, oviposition, hatching, and development of different instars of Misumenops celer (Hentz) was studied, and sexual dimorphism was marked; the male was about half the size of the female.
Abstract: Biology of Misumenops celer (Hentz) was studied in the laboratory. Observations were made on mating behavior, oviposition, hatching, and development of different instars. Sexual dimorphism was marked; the male was about half the size of the female. The male mated with more than 1 female, while the female mated only once. The number of egg sacs per female varied from 1 to 3, and the number of eggs per sac varied from 55 to 234. Males reached maturity after 4 or 5 instars, and females attained the adult stage after 6 or 7 instars. The 1st instar remained inside the egg sac. The period from egg to attainment of the adult stage was 85–169 days for males and 118–311 days for females. The feeding behavior and food preference of M. celer spiders in the laboratory and population fluctuation in the alfalfa field also were studied.
TL;DR: The relationship of community metabolism to community structure in a 567-m stretch of the spring-fed San Marcos River, Texas, was studied during a period of autotrophic succession after a dredging operation and the observed 29:1 ratio of plant surface area to streambed may be about optimum for maximum use of solar energy by the plant community.
Abstract: The relationship of community metabolism to community structure in a 567-m stretch of the spring-fed San Marcos River, Texas, was studied during a period of autotrophic succession after a dredging operation. In general, plant biomass increased throughout the study period. Species diversity of submersed macrophytes increased sharply in the immature community, but there was a general decrease in diversity in the older community. Light intensity limited gross photosynthesis. An inverse relationship existed between photosynthetic efficiency and light intensity. The observed 29:1 ratio of plant surface area to streambed may be about optimum for maximum use of solar energy by the plant community. Community metabolism in the immature community fluctuated as differences in light intensity acted on low biomass and few species. As succession developed in the ecosystem with increase in species and biomass, ecological stability increased until only autotrophic conditions existed even under low light intensity.
TL;DR: Ticks are economically important in the Ozark Region as pests of livestock and in recreational areas, and have become the object of many control programs.
Abstract: Ticks are economically important in the Ozark Region as pests of livestock and in recreational areas, and have become the object of many control programs. Animal hosts of ticks are important in furnishing biological data pertinent in tick-control efforts.
TL;DR: The experimental condition described may provide a basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and/or regional enteritis of the colon and possibly as the result of intravascular endotoxin.
Abstract: Escherichia coli was found attached to and envacuolated within colonic columnar epithelial cells from 24 to 144 hr after monocontamination of neonatal pigs. Cellular changes were minimal until edema of the lamina propria developed 144 hr after monocontamination. Intracellular lipid was increased after bacterial penetration, but lipid was also present in the colonic epithelium of neonatal germfree pigs. Cellular degeneration did not appear to result directly from bacterial invasion of the cell, but rather, from subsequent edema of the subepithelial lamina and impaired circulation, perhaps as the result of intravascular endotoxin.
TL;DR: A gene involved in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been found to be cotransducible with the genes involved inThe utilization of arabinose (ara) and the biosynthesis of leucine (leu) and pantothenate (pan).
Abstract: A gene involved in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been found to be cotransducible with the genes involved in the utilization of arabinose (ara) and the biosynthesis of leucine (leu) and pantothenate (pan). Cotransduction frequency analysis places this nadC locus between leu and pan at approximately minute 1.5 on the genetic map of Escherichia coli. This gene codes for the enzyme, quinolate phosphoribosyl transferase, which catalyzes the conversion of quinolinic acid to nicotinic acid mononucleotide.
TL;DR: The acaricide-treated plots were most effective on a short-term basis, but the herbicide- treated plots had the added features of decreasing animal utilization and thereby reducing the number of possible hosts present in the area.
Abstract: Simulated recreation areas were established in the Cherokee Wildlife Refuge in eastern Oklahoma in an effort to evaluate various integrated procedures for control of Amblyomma americanum (L.) in recreational areas. Six 1-acre plots were replicated 3 times and received one of the following treatments: (1) mechanical clearing of all undergrowth and enough of the larger vegetation to allow 70-80% sunlight penetration; (2) mechanical clearing with the addition of an acaricide; (3) mechanical clearing with the addition of a herbicide; (4) application of an acaricide to existing vegetation; (5) application of a herbicide to existing vegetation; or (6) no treatment.
Rabon®(2-chloro-1(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate) 75% wettable powder, was used as the acaricide and applied at 1 lb toxicant per acre in the test plots. The herbicide used was 2,4,5-T, OS applied at the recommended rate.
The order of treatment effectiveness was: mechanical clearing plus an acaricide, acaricide only, mechanical clearing plus a herbicide, herbicide only, and clearing only. The acaricide-treated plots were most effective on a short-term basis, but the herbicide-treated plots had the added features of decreasing animal utilization and thereby reducing the number of possible hosts present in the area.
TL;DR: In this paper, a two dimensional smoothing or filtering operation is used in areas of high data density to improve the quality of satellite transmitted photographic data, which is similar to the method used in the AAPG geothermal survey of North America.
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between fabric anisotropies of Vicksburg loess and the orientation of applied stress distribution was investigated, quantitatively, and the results indicated that fabric anotropies in Vicksburgh loess are reflected by definite variation in triaxial shear strength of dry and moist specimens.
TL;DR: The maximum number of spores and infected ova occurred during the spawning season of the host, and Infected fish were generally larger and heavier than uninfected fish.
Abstract: Plistophora ovariae undergoes schizogony and sporogony in developing ova of the golden shiner. Destruction of the ova greatly reduces fecundity and causes spawning failures. The incidence and intensity of infection is described in 49 commercial fish farms from 12 states. The parasite was found in fish from 45 of 49 sources and in a farm pond and creek from Oklahoma. Overall incidence of infection was 48% of 2759 fish. No significant difference was found in the incidence of disease from fish propagated by either intensive or extensive culture methods. There was a significant difference in incidence of infection with host age. Incidence increased from 30% in age class 0 to 75% in age class 4. Intensity of infection decreased with age and varied with season; it was greatest in May and June. Thus, the maximum number of spores and infected ova occurred during the spawning season of the host. Infected fish were generally larger and heavier than uninfected fish. Reduced egg production (partial parasitic castrati...
TL;DR: In this article, the Pupil Control Ideology Form (PCI) and the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ) were personally administered by a researcher to virtually all the professional personnel of forty-five elementary schools; from this sample, fifteen humanistic and fifteen custodial schools were identified.
Abstract: Following the lead of earlier research on pupil control, the concepts of “humanism” and “custodialism” were used to refer to contrasting types of individual ideology and the types of school organization they seek to rationalize and justify. The Pupil Control Ideology Form (PCI) and the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ) were personally administered by a researcher to virtually all the professional personnel of forty-five elementary schools; from this sample, fifteen “humanistic” and fifteen “custodial” schools were identified. Using analysis of variance procedures, comparisons between the patterns of social interactions of professional staff in humanistic and custodial schools revealed statistically significant differences on four of the eight dimensions of the OCDQ. In addition, as predicted, humanistic schools were significantly more “open” than custodial schools. The results suggested that the pupil control orientation of a school may provide another important step in identifying t...