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Showing papers by "Orange S.A. published in 1993"


Proceedings ArticleDOI
18 May 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a dynamic location area scheme is proposed for cellular networks, in which the size of location areas of a user is dynamically determined according to its current incoming call arrival rate and mobility as the signaling traffic in radio channels reaches the minimum.
Abstract: A dynamic location area scheme is proposed for cellular networks, in which the size of location areas of a user is dynamically determined according to its current incoming call arrival rate and mobility as the signaling traffic in radio channels reaches the minimum. The protocols and algorithms of the proposed scheme are presented, and its performance is compared with that of the conventional system.

280 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed mirrorless quasi-monochromatic laser sources made of stoichiometric neodymium compounds (Nd0.75:La0.25P4O15 and NdCl3· 6H2O) pumped by nanosecond laser pulses and found that short sub-nanosecond and narrowbandwidth (0.15-nm) pulses are generated in both compounds when they are pumped at high intensities.
Abstract: We have developed mirrorless quasi-monochromatic laser sources made of stoichiometric neodymium compounds (Nd0.75:La0.25P4O15 and NdCl3· 6H2O) pumped by nanosecond laser pulses. We find that short subnanosecond and narrow-bandwidth (0.15-nm) pulses are generated in both compounds when they are pumped at high intensities. This emission is spatially incoherent as shown by a speckle statistics analysis. Its origin is discussed in terms of collective effects. This shows that poor optical materials with strongly quenched emission may be useful for generating incoherent short pulses.

246 citations


PatentDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a process and apparatus for measuring the resemblance between sound samples incorporating a learning phase and a test phase, each having a digital acquisition and preprocessing stage, an order p acoustic analysis stage and a p×p covariance matrix calculating stage with respect to the resulting vector signal.
Abstract: A process and apparatus for measuring the resemblance between sound samples incorporating a learning phase and a test phase, each having a digital acquisition and preprocessing stage, an order p acoustic analysis stage and a p×p covariance matrix calculating stage with respect to the resulting vector signal, the learning phase also having a reference X covariance matrix inversion stage and a stage of storing the thus obtained matrix X-1 in a dictionary, the test phase incorporating a stage of multiplying the covariance matrix of test Y with the reference matrix X-1, a stage of extracting all or part of the p eigenvalues λk of said matrix product and a calculating stage using a family of functions f, called generalized sphericity functions, so as to obtain a digital value measuring the resemblance between the considered test sample and the reference samples of the dictionary. Alternative implementations are also described, which advantageously allow the same result to be obtained without requiring the explicit calculation of eigenvalues.

174 citations


Patent
14 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a multiprocessor data processing system, modules are cascaded by means of intermodule buses, and a feedback bus connects the last and first modules for constituting a ring.
Abstract: In a multiprocessor data processing system, modules are cascaded by means of intermodule buses. Each module comprises a data processing unit, a first memory, a logic cell array programmable into four input/output interfaces, a second memory and a specialized processing unit such as a digital signal processor (DSP). A first interface, the first memory and the data processing unit are interconnected by a module bus. A fourth interface, the second memory and the specialized processing unit are interconnected by another module bus. A feedback bus connects the second and third interfaces in the last and first modules for constituting a ring. Such a system is particularly intended for image recognition, such as digitalized handwritten digits for postal distribution.

134 citations


Patent
30 Jul 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a photodiode is used to acquire a characteristic signal of the power emitted by the laser diode, which can then be used to drive a central processing unit associated with servo-control computation program memorizing.
Abstract: A device for the control of the output power of laser diodes designed to be coupled to an optical fiber for the tranmission of data comprises a photodiode that can be used to acquire a characteristic signal of the power emitted by the laser diode; digital means to drive the laser diode comprising a central processing unit associated with servo-control computation program memorizing means to keep a constant output power whatever may be the drift and change of slope of the characteristic of the laser diode in response to ageing phenomena or to a change in temperature or to a loss of power due to the coupling of this diode with an optical fiber or to variations in the response of the photodiode as a function of the temperature. Application to digital transmission by optical fiber.

117 citations


Patent
06 Apr 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the transmission of digital data elements including radio paging information elements, wherein the data elements are transmitted according to a technique of transmission implementing a plurality of orthogonal carrier frequencies (the COFDM technique), the signal being organized in frames comprising, firstly one first channel called a fast information channel, comprising at least one symbol of data elements, the carrier frequencies of the symbols being modulated by data elements that are not temporally interleaved.
Abstract: A method for the transmission of digital data elements including radio paging information elements, wherein the data elements are transmitted according to a technique of transmission implementing a plurality of orthogonal carrier frequencies (the COFDM technique), the signal being organized in frames comprising, firstly, at least one first channel called a fast information channel, comprising at least one symbol of data elements, the carrier frequencies of the symbols being modulated by data elements that are not temporally interleaved, and at least one second channel, called a main channel, comprising at least one symbol of data elements, the carrier frequencies of the symbols being modulated by data elements that are temporally interleaved beforehand, a frame number belonging to a set of predefined frame numbers being regularly inserted into the fast information channel, each of the radio paging receivers being assigned at least one of the frame numbers.

111 citations


Patent
Robert Cohen1
12 Feb 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the laying out of the infrastructure of a cellular communications network with mobile units is proposed, where the coverage of the network is determined dynamically, such as it is seen by the mobile units.
Abstract: A method for the laying out of the infrastructure of a cellular communications network, notably with mobile units, the network being of the type constituted by a plurality of broadcasting transmitters, each broadcasting on its own broadcasting cell, at least certain of the cells being adjacent and having common overlapping zones, a system of management of the network assigning a single broadcasting cell to a given mobile unit at a given time, according to a given broadcasting transmitter assigning method, the method for the laying out consisting in determining the geographical location and the technical characteristics of each of the transmitters of the network in taking account of the conditions of entry/exit and of movement of the mobile units in the overlapping zones. Thus, the coverage of the network is determined dynamically, such as it is seen by the mobile units.

108 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, photo-induced Bragg reflectors at 1480 nm are written at both ends of the fiber amplifier and laser oscillation clamps the gain and suppresses low frequency signal or pump induced gain fluctuations.
Abstract: Two photoinduced Bragg reflectors at 1480 nm are written at both ends of the fibre amplifier. Above threshold, laser oscillation clamps the gain and suppresses low frequency signal or pump induced gain fluctuations.

91 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a ridge waveguide electroabsorption modulator based on the quantum-confined Stark effect in InGaAsP/InGaAsp multiple quantum wells was fabricated.
Abstract: The authors have fabricated a ridge waveguide electroabsorption modulator based on the quantum-confined Stark effect in InGaAsP/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells. The drive voltage for 12-dB extinction ratio is 1.2 V, and the frequency response is flat within 2 dB from DC to 20 GHz. Operation at 20 Gb/s is reported. Extensive data concerning the parasitic phase modulation (chirping) are obtained as a function of applied bias acid operating wavelength. >

88 citations


Patent
30 Mar 1993
TL;DR: In this article, the reception of digital data broadcast at a high bit rate for reception by mobile receivers is described under adverse conditions of multiple propagation corresponding to the Rayleigh process and imperfect frequency tuning to minimize the inter-symbol interference in the frequency domain.
Abstract: A device for the reception of digital data broadcast at a high bit rate for reception by mobile receivers is disclosed. The device operates under adverse conditions of multiple propagation corresponding to the Rayleigh process and imperfect frequency tuning to minimize the inter-symbol interference in the frequency domain. The device receives a digital signal having digital elements distributed in the frequency-time space f-t and transmitted in the form of symbols each constituted by a multiplex of N orthogonal carrier frequencies modulated by a set of digital elements and broadcast simultaneously. The device includes a module for transposition by a local oscillator, baseband filtering and analog-digital conversion, a temporal windowing module for the selection of the useful samples and a mathematical transformation module, the temporal windowing module applying a Nyquist window type of temporal window with non-zero roll-off.

86 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a partially strain compensated, epitaxial layers of the ternary alloy SiGeC on (001) Si substrates were fabricated using a rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition reactor working at reduced pressure and at 650°C.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current operating systems provide distributed interprocess communication using protocols designed for unre l iable networks and often implemented as an "add-on" feature, but these communication mechanisms are often too costly to support applications built of fine-grained objects.
Abstract: istributed systems are by their very nature large and complex applications requiring the interaction of many individual c o m p o n e n t s scattered throughout a distributed collection of hosts which are often physically dispersed. Interaction is usually modeled on a message-passing abstraction in which services are requested by sending a request message to a service provider and receiving an asynchronous or synchronous reply. Service providers are often large-grained encapsulated entities, whose interface is defined by its message protocol. Internal synchronization of multiple competing requests is handled by the service provider either by message queuing or by language synchronization primitives. Such systems are natural candidates for the objectoriented model of software development simply because the way most of them are built maps closely to the objectoriented model. Service providers are large-grained, active objects; message protocols define an adhoc type interface, and message passing is a low-level mechanism that supports method invocation. This obvious mapping has led many groups to attempt to extend existing object-oriented languages with support for distributed objects, either by adding remote messagepassing facilities (based on RPC) or by supporting distributed objects [2, 11]. This approach has had mixed success. On the one hand it has demonstrated that the object-oriented languages provide sufficient support for building distributed applications. However, because the efficiency of such an approach has been so poor, it has served as a proof of concept but has failed to provide the break through for which many in the distributed-systems community have hoped. This inefficiency is mainly caused by a mismatch between the services and abstractions that systems provide, and those that languages offer. System services are often generic, designed to support multiple uses, and achieving this with a lowestcommon-denominator solution. Also, the majority of existing operating systems provide abstractions that were never designed to support modern programming languages and, in particular, were never designed to support distributed applications. For example , ob j ec t -o r i en t ed languages deal with f ine-grained objects. The majority of modern systems provide an abstraction of an address space as the smallest systemsupported concept. It is the compiler's job to match the fine-grained language model to the coarse-grained system model. For a single address space application this is fine; however, for distributed applications, spanning multiple address spaces, the compiler support breaks down because the compiler is not aware of the environment outside a single address space. Equally, some languages support lightweight activities or active objects; again, most systems support a heavier notion, a process. Mapping between the two is a complex and often costly task. Finally, current operating systems provide distributed interprocess communication using protocols designed for unre l iable networks and often implemented as an \"add-on\" feature. These communication mechanisms are often too costly to support applications built of fine-grained objects, working in a tightly coupled manner and using interobject invocation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper focuses on the user’s ability to recognize word forms regardless of whether they are spoken fast or slow, and believes that normalization of the signal is a necessary part of prelexical processing, that is, it has to take place prior to the intervention of lexical lookup routines.
Abstract: The language user can recognize words uttered by different speakers, even when they vary their intonation and speaking rate. In this paper we focus on the user’s ability to recognize word forms regardless of whether they are spoken fast or slow. Indeed, speech rate is highly variable in natural context. For example, a word uttered in isolation may be twice as long as the same word uttered in the middle of a sentence. However, regardless of the mode in which a word is pronounced, the two resulting acoustic signals activate the same lexical representation. That people have this ability suggests that speech must be coded in a time-invariant fashion. Psychologists are quite familiar with the study of perceptual invariance for the visual When it comes to speech, however, the study of perceptual invariance, in particular that of time, has generated less interest, and we are thus still unable to explain how the acoustic/phonetic processors solve this problem. Cognitive scientists who work in the area of speech recognition generally assume that subjects use their lexical knowledge to normalize the signal. Undeniably, lexical processing does intervene at some level, but we believe that normalization of the signal is a necessary part of prelexical processing, that is, it has to take place prior to the intervention of lexical lookup routines.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of ion-pair concentration on the dynamical behaviour of erbium-doped fiber lasers was demonstrated. But the authors focused on the effect of ion pair density on the output of the laser and showed that the output intensity evolves continuously from an infinite train of pulses to a CW steady state as the pumping ratio increases.
Abstract: We demonstrate experimentally the influence of ion-pair concentration on the dynamical behaviour of erbium-doped fibre lasers. At low pair densities, the laser has a CW output, while at higher densities it exhibits a self-pulsing behaviour. For intermediate pair concentrations, the output intensity evolves continuously from an infinite train of pulses to a CW steady state as the pumping ratio is increased.

Patent
19 Feb 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and a system for artificial spatialization of audio-digital signals x(k) making it possible to effect on elementary signals xi(k), replicas of the audio digital signal, different delays creating delayed elementary signals (seri) summed after weighting with the signal x (k) in order to create the spatialized audio-Digital signal y(k).
Abstract: A method and a system for artificial spatialization of audio-digital signals x(k) making it possible to effect on elementary signals xi(k), replicas of the audio-digital signal, different delays creating delayed elementary signals (seri) summed after weighting with the signal x(k) in order to create the spatialized audio-digital signal y(k). A plurality of linear combinations of the signals (seri) as combined delayed elementary signals (serci) is summed with the elementary signals xi(k). So as to simulate a late reverberation, the linear combinations are effected by a unit loopback, and an attenuation hi(ω), a decaying monotonic function of the reverberation time Tr(ω) to be simulated and proportional to the delay, is effected with each delay. A spectral correction before weighted summation satisfying the relation: ##EQU1## is effected, τi designating the value of each delay, increased by the phase delay due to the attenuation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the intervalence band absorption (IVBA) coefficient k/sub 0/ in three types of active layer structure: bulk, unstrained (MQW) and strained multiquantum wells was measured by observing the spontaneous emission from the uncleaved facets of Fabry-Perot lasers.
Abstract: Measurements are reported of intervalence band absorption (IVBA) coefficient k/sub 0/ in three types of active layer structure: bulk, unstrained (MQW) and strained multiquantum wells. The IVBA measurements are performed by observing the spontaneous emission from the uncleaved facets of DCPBH Fabry-Perot lasers. k/sub 0/=(3.7+or-0.3)*10/sup -17/ cm/sup 2/ is obtained for bulk, (1.4+or-0.2)*10/sup -16/ cm/sup 2/ for MQW unstrained and (3.5+or-0.3)*10/sup -17/ cm/sup 2/ for strained MQW structures.

Journal ArticleDOI
Pierre-Noel Favennec1, H. L’Haridon1, Danielle Moutonnet1, M. Salvi1, M. Gauneau1 
TL;DR: A review of the main results concerning ion implantation of rare-earth elements is given in this paper, where the authors optimize the implantation (energy, dose) and annealing (temperature, duration) conditions.
Abstract: A review of the main results concerning the ion implantation of the rare-earth elements is given. To obtain the best optical activation of rare-earths, we attempt to optimize the implantation (energy, dose) and annealing (temperature, duration) conditions. The studied materials are Si, II-VI binaries (ZnTe, CdS), III-V binaries (GaAs, InP), III-V ternaries (GaAlAs, GalnAs) and III-V quaternaries (GaInAsP).

Book
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: This book draws on the results of the research project to present a description of ATM from a network point of view, starting with the principles of ATM and going on to cover topics such as network performance, network structure, evolution and interworking.
Abstract: Since ATM was identified by the CCITT in 1988 as the target transfer mode for broadband communications, there has been considerable research activity on the topic world-wide. Within Europe, the RACE programme of the European Community has brought together experts from a wide variety of organisations to work on several projects. This book results from the work of one of those projects. Aimed at those interested in ATM generally, or those needing to understand the issues in designing or implementing broadband networks, the book draws on the results of the research project to present a description of ATM from a network point of view. Starting with the principles of ATM, it goes on to cover topics such as network performance, network structure, evolution and interworking. It also discusses more general issues including numbering, charging and the need for intelligence in the network. It concludes by explaining the current position on traffic engineering for broadband ATM networks.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the output intensity of an erbium-doped fiber laser was studied with three pumping wavelengths: 514.5 nm, 810 nm and 980 nm.
Abstract: The output intensity of an erbium-doped fibre laser was studied. Experiments were performed with three pumping wavelengths: 514.5 nm, 810 nm and 980 nm. The laser output intensity exhibits three different dynamical behaviours: steady-state, sinusoidal variation or self-pulsing. In particular, in a bad (high-loss) cavity configuration, when the pumping ratio is increased above the lasing threshold the output intensity changes continuously from a steady-state to an infinite train of pulses. We also show that, depending on the cavity configuration, the transient oscillations display different forms.

Journal ArticleDOI
M. Bonnel1, N. Duhamel1, Lazhar Haji, B. Loisel, J. Stoemenos 
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-step annealing process on glass substrates was used to construct thin-film transistors (TFTs) from poly-Si crystallized polysilicon.
Abstract: Thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated from poly-Si crystallized by a two-step annealing process on glass substrates. The combination of low-temperature furnace annealing and high-temperature rapid thermal annealing leads to a significant improvement in the material quality. The TFTs obtained with this two-step annealing material exhibit better measured characteristics than those obtained by using conventional furnace annealing. >

Journal ArticleDOI
A. Boudiaf1, M. Laporte1
01 Apr 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a homemade automated noise parameter measurement system is described, and a new algorithm for the estimation of the two-port noise parameters is presented, by taking into account the measurement uncertainties.
Abstract: In spite of the improvements in RF instrumentation, network analyzer calibration methods, and measurement techniques, the measurement of noise parameters in highly mismatched systems is particularly prone to error. A homemade automated noise parameter measurement system is described, and a new algorithm for the estimation of the two-port noise parameters is presented. Analytical calculation of the parameter accuracy is developed, by taking into account the measurement uncertainties. The accuracy and the repeatability of the measurements performed with a low-noise HEMT are presented. >

Journal ArticleDOI
Thierry Georges1, F. Favre1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors apply a complete perturbation theory of solitons (for position, phase, frequency and amplitude) to the cases of amplitude, intensity, or phase modulation, filtering, and soliton interaction.
Abstract: We apply a complete perturbation theory of solitons (for position, phase, frequency, and amplitude) to the cases of amplitude, intensity, or phase modulation, filtering, and soliton interaction. We show that on-line intensity modulation and filtering act in the same way in reducing noise-induced jitter. Soliton interaction can be reduced with initial phase and filtering control or with a periodic π-phase change for consecutive solitons (as in the case of amplitude modulation). Finally, we design a 30-Gbit/s transoceanic soliton transmission system, using filtering and initial phase control techniques.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a tunable Q-switched thulium-doped single-mode silica fiber laser is presented for the first time, and its performance is analyzed as a function of pulse repetition rate and pumping power.
Abstract: A tunable Q-switched thulium-doped single-mode silica fiber laser is presented for the first time. Its performance is analyzed as a function of pulse repetition rate and pumping power. The optimization of laser parameters resulted in 4 W/1 30 ns, 1 .92-jrm wavelength pulses generated at a 4-kHz repetition rate. From the measured values of small- signal attenuation and intrinsic saturation power, the thulium ion param- eters at the pump and signal wavelength are derived and used in the- oretical modeling of the laser. The moderate power required from the Ti:sapphire pump laser used in the experiment suggests that similar re- suIts can be obtained using a laser diode pump.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
27 Apr 1993
TL;DR: The overall quality of the French version of PSOLA TTS has been improved both in naturalness and in articulation accuracy, and the data control and transfer methods within the system are now fully independent of the content of the modules, allowing for an easy adaptation of the system to multilingual operation.
Abstract: Work done at CNET on developing multilingual concatenation-based PSOLA TTS (text-to-speech) systems well adapted to their use in interactive voice services is reviewed. A new system architecture SYC (synthesis control) has been specifically designed for assuring real-time, multichannel, and interactive operation. The data control and transfer methods within the system are now fully independent of the content of the modules, allowing for an easy adaptation of the system to multilingual operation. A complete version has been developed for German, and mixed systems have been elaborated for Italian and English in collaboration with other laboratories, using the same PSOLA synthesizer as for French. The overall quality of the French version has been improved both in naturalness (optimization of the linguistico-prosodic processings) and in articulation accuracy (use of longer units to be concatenated). An automatic segmentation procedure has been developed for the rapid building of new repertories of speech from recordings by new speakers, i.e., for the creation of new synthetic voices. >

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Olivier Rioul1
27 Apr 1993
TL;DR: It is shown that regularity may be relevant for still image compression, at least for short filters (L
Abstract: The author addresses how regularity, frequency selectivity, and phase act upon the performance of a still image compression scheme using wavelet decomposition Preliminary results are given for a simple compression scheme using orthonormal separable wavelet transforms, scalar quantization, rate/distortion optimization, various coding criteria, and a large number of 'wavelet' filters with balanced regularity, frequency selectivity, and phase It is shown that regularity may be relevant for still image compression, at least for short filters (L >

Proceedings ArticleDOI
18 May 1993
TL;DR: In this article, an alternate location strategy has been proposed to reduce the signaling traffic on the radio link by increasing the responsibilities placed upon the fixed network in future high density microcellular personal communications systems (PCS).
Abstract: In future high density microcellular personal communications systems (PCS), it is expected that most of the signaling traffic will come from registrations. An alternate location strategy has been proposed to reduce the signaling traffic on the radio link by increasing the responsibilities placed upon the fixed network. A fixed network performance comparison to the classic location strategy being implemented in evolving digital cellular and cordless standards is presented. The key measures are SS7 traffic and switching complexity. An example based on the Groupe Speciale Mobile (GSM) system illustrates the results.

Patent
Marc Lebourges1
13 Apr 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a list of routing objects associated with each switching node of a telecommunication network is associated with a call message, and an object having a maximum gain is selected so as to route a communication associated to said call message according to a downstream path parameter of the object selected.
Abstract: A list of routing objects is associated with each switching node of a telecommunication network. This list includes a plurality of routing objects whose parameters are described in tree-structure form. Responsive to a call message received by said node, routing objects of the list whose parameters have tree-structure descriptions included in tree-structure descriptions of signalling elements of the call message are searched. Among all these routing objects, an object having a maximum gain is selected so as to route a communication associated to said call message according to a downstream path parameter of the object selected. Gains for each object are computed as a function of charge recorder information. New objects are created by incrementing by one level the tree-structure of each parameter of said maximum gain object. Each object whose difference in gain per communication with the maximum gain object is high is maintained. The other objects, which are less advantageous from an economic point of view, are deleted.

Patent
Joel Mau1, Patrice Soyer1
29 Oct 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a process and device for segmentation into and reconstruction from sub-bands of a digital signal each sample of which are submitted to a parallel processing on a plurality of paths by prototype filtering modulated by a periodic function and sub-sampling by the number of subbands.
Abstract: A process and device for segmentation into and reconstruction from sub-bands of a digital signal each sample of which are submitted to a parallel processing on a plurality of paths by prototype filtering modulated by a periodic function and sub-sampling by the number of sub-bands. A combination of a filtering of modified polyphase type and of a processing by frequency transform is therefor performed so as to deliver a sub-band signal for each path of corresponding rank. Reconstruction comprises in combination the dual steps of frequency transform and modified polyphase filtering so as to deliver a reconstructed digital signal. Corresponding modules for frequency transform and modifyed polyphase filtering are embodied through MOT or PRMF filters.

Patent
16 Aug 1993
TL;DR: In this article, each token carries a number making it possible to check its authenticity, and this number is used for electronic payment, and it is used to check the authenticity of each token.
Abstract: Method of electronic payment by chip card. According to the invention, each token carries a number making it possible to check its authenticity. The invention is used for electronic payment.

Patent
Patrice Brachat1
20 Dec 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a space-saving broadband antenna for independent portable stations used in networks for radio communication with land-based mobiles, consisting of a substantially flat element (33), called horizontal element, and a short-circuit element (35) substantially perpendicular to the said horizontal element and called vertical element, connecting a first extremity (34) of the horizontal element to the electrical earth of a processing unit.
Abstract: The invention relates to a space-saving broadband antenna, especially for independent portable stations used in networks for radio communication with land-based mobiles, comprising a substantially flat element (33), called horizontal element, and a short-circuit element (35) substantially perpendicular to the said horizontal element (33), called vertical element (35), the said vertical element connecting a first extremity (34) of the said horizontal element (33) to the electrical earth of a processing unit, and the said UHF signals being transported between the said processing unit and the said horizontal element (33) by a coaxial cable (311) connected to the said horizontal element (33), the said horizontal element (33) comprising: - a substantially rectangular intermediate surface (36), a first extremity of which corresponds to the said first extremity (34) of the said horizontal element (33); and - at least two strands (37, 38), substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the said vertical element, the second extremity of the said intermediate surface (36) corresponding to a first extremity (313, 314) of each of the said strands (37, 38).