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Showing papers by "Orange S.A. published in 1999"


Proceedings ArticleDOI
M. Clerc1
06 Jul 1999
TL;DR: A very simple particle swarm optimization iterative algorithm is presented, with just one equation and one social/confidence parameter, and the results are good enough so that it is certainly worthwhile trying the method on more complex problems.
Abstract: A very simple particle swarm optimization iterative algorithm is presented, with just one equation and one social/confidence parameter. We define a "no-hope" convergence criterion and a "rehope" method so that, from time to time, the swarm re-initializes its position, according to some gradient estimations of the objective function and to the previous re-initialization (it means it has a kind of very rudimentary memory). We then study two different cases, a quite "easy" one (the Alpine function) and a "difficult" one (the Banana function), but both just in dimension two. The process is improved by taking into account the swarm gravity center (the "queen") and the results are good enough so that it is certainly worthwhile trying the method on more complex problems.

1,550 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the magnitude of the spontaneous emission rate can be quantitatively understood by considering both the Purcell figure of merit F/sub p/ of such cavities and the spatial/spectral distribution of the inhomogeneous collection of atom-like emitters.
Abstract: A strong enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate (Purcell effect) has been observed for self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum boxes inserted in GaAs-based pillar microcavities (/spl times/5) and microdisks (/spl times/15) using time-resolved as well as c.w. photoluminescence experiments. We show that the magnitude of the Purcell effect can be quantitatively understood by considering both the Purcell figure of merit F/sub p/ of such cavities (F/sub p//spl Gt/1) and the spatial/spectral distribution of the inhomogeneous collection of atom-like emitters. These results open the way to the development of single-photon devices such as photon-guns or photon-turnstiles, able to emit photons one-by-one in a deterministic way.

399 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a study of quantum box transitions coupled to three-dimensionalally confined photonic modes in pillar microcavities is presented, focusing on the conditions for achieving a vacuum-field Rabi splitting.
Abstract: A study of quantum box transitions coupled to three-dimensionally confined photonic modes in pillar microcavities is presented, focusing on the conditions for achieving a vacuum-field Rabi splitting. For a single InAs quantum box the oscillator strength is a factor of ten too small for being in strong coupling. A calculation of exciton states localized to monolayer fluctuations in quantum wells leads to much larger values of the oscillator strengths. Single localized excitons embedded in state-of-the-art micropillars can be in strong-coupling regime with a vacuum-field Rabi splitting.

397 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 Mar 1999
TL;DR: It is proved that fixed size window control can achieve fair bandwidth sharing according to any of these criteria, provided scheduling at each link is performed in an appropriate manner.
Abstract: This paper concerns the design of distributed algorithms for sharing network bandwidth resources among contending flows. The classical fairness notion is the so-called max-min fairness; Kelly (see Europ. Trans. Telecom. vol.8 p.33-37, 1997) has previously introduced the alternative proportional fairness criterion; we introduce a third criterion, which is naturally interpreted in terms of the delays experienced by ongoing transfers. We prove that fixed size window control can achieve fair bandwidth sharing according to any of these criteria, provided scheduling at each link is performed in an appropriate manner. We next consider a distributed random scheme where each traffic source varies its sending rate randomly, based on binary feedback information from the network. We show how to select the source behaviour so as to achieve an equilibrium distribution concentrated around the considered fair rate allocations. This stochastic analysis is then used to assess the asymptotic behaviour of deterministic rate adoption procedures.

355 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors proposed an algorithm that stabilizes and accelerates the solution process while remaining within the linear programming framework, which can be used to improve the solution times for difficult instances and to solve larger ones.

315 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a far-infrared magnetospectroscopy in self-assembled InAs quantum dots was used to investigate the electronic transitions from the ground $s$ levels to the excited $p$ levels.
Abstract: Using far-infrared magnetospectroscopy in self-assembled InAs quantum dots, we have investigated the electronic transitions from the ground $s$ levels to the excited $p$ levels. The experiments consist of monitoring, by means of Zeeman tuning of the excited level, a resonant interaction between the discrete ( $p,0$ LO phonon) state and the continuum of either ( $s,1$ LO phonon) or ( $s,2$ LO phonons). We show that the electrons and the LO phonons are always in a strong coupling regime and form an everlasting mixed electron-phonon mode.

311 citations


Patent
21 Dec 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, a model and a method for using an interactive rational agent as the node of a dialogue system and/or as element (agent) of a multi-agent system comprising the following steps: defining a conceptual architecture of a rational agent; formal specification of the different components of said architecture and their combination enabling to obtain a formal mode; defining the software architecture implementing the formal architecture; defining mechanisms for implementing the specification; the rational agent being capable thereby to communicate with another agent or a user of the system through a particular communication medium.
Abstract: The invention concerns a model and a method for using an interactive rational agent as the node of a dialogue system and/or as element (agent) of a multiagent system comprising the following steps: defining a conceptual architecture of an interactive rational agent; formal specification of the different components of said architecture and their combination enabling to obtain a formal mode; defining the software architecture implementing the formal architecture; defining mechanisms for implementing the formal specifications; the rational agent being capable thereby to communicate with another agent or a user of the system through a particular communication medium

188 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Second-order nonlinear gratings in D-shaped germanosilicate fibers are fabricated, using thermal poling and periodic electrodes defined by standard photolithography, for efficient quasi-phase-matched frequency doubling of 1.532-mum nanosecond pulses from a high-power erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
Abstract: We fabricated second-order nonlinear gratings in D-shaped germanosilicate fibers, using thermal poling and periodic electrodes defined by standard photolithography. These gratings, which are up to 75??mm long, were used for efficient quasi-phase-matched frequency doubling of 1.532??m nanosecond pulses from a high-power erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Average second-harmonic powers as high as 6.8??mW and peak powers greater than 1.2??kW at 766??nm were generated, with average and peak conversion efficiencies as high as 21% and 30%, respectively.

117 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase separation process was investigated using thermal and structural analysis, and changes were observed in the optical properties of the glass after reheating (10 h at 360°C).
Abstract: Erbium doped oxy-fluoride glass-ceramics (50GeO2,[50−x]PbO,xPbF2) have been prepared by thermal treatments of as-melted glass. The optical absorption and emission cross-sections were measured. The controlled crystallisation of the fluoride compounds by nucleation and growth in the oxide matrix produced crystallites ∼10 nm in size and a filling factor of 10−2. The phase separation process was investigated using thermal and structural analysis. Changes were observed in the optical properties of the glass after reheating (10 h at 360°C). The inhomogeneous linewidth of the 4I15/2↔4S3/2 transition was reduced by 50% by incorporating most of the Er ions in the crystalline phase. An increase of the maximum absorption cross-section, up to 100%, was obtained at room temperature.

113 citations


Proceedings Article
31 Jul 1999
TL;DR: This work addresses the problem of knowledge acquisition for alarm correlation in a complex dynamic system like a telecommunications network by proposing algorithms for analysing alarm logs and proposing algorithms to filter them according to their interdependency level.
Abstract: We address the problem of knowledge acquisition for alarm correlation in a complex dynamic system like a telecommunications network. To reduce the amount of information coming from telecommunications equipment, one needs to preprocess the alarm stream and we propose here a way to acquire some knowledge to do that. The key idea is that only the frequent alarm sets are relevant for reducing the information stream: we aggregate frequent relevant information and suppress frequent noisy information. We propose algorithms for analysing alarm logs: first stage is to discover frequently occurring temporally-constrained alarm sets (called chronicles) and second stage is to filter them according to their interdependency level. We also show experimental results with an actual telecommunications ATM network.

98 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
14 Jun 1999
TL;DR: Silicon on nothing (SON) as discussed by the authors is a novel device architecture that allows extremely thin buried oxides and silicon films to be fabricated and thereby provides better resistance to short channel effects (SCE) and DIBL than any other device architecture.
Abstract: A novel device architecture called SON (silicon on nothing) is proposed, allowing extremely thin buried oxides and silicon films to be fabricated and thereby provide better resistance to short channel effects (SCE) and DIBL than any other device architecture. SON devices are shown to present excellent I/sub on//I/sub off/ trade-off, V/sub th/ roll-off suppression down to 15 nm channel length, and to be free from the shortcomings of conventional SOI, such as self-heating, high S/D series resistances, and expensive SOI substrates since SON devices are fabricated on bulk silicon.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new lowbandgap III-V compound grown on GaAs (GaAsSbN) has been investigated and the influence of Sb content on the level of nitrogen incorporation has been examined and no strong dependence was found.
Abstract: A new low-bandgap III-V compound grown on GaAs (GaAsSbN) has been investigated. Strained quantum wells were realised by molecular beam epitaxy with a nitrogen plasma source. The influence of Sb content on the level of nitrogen incorporation has been examined and no strong dependence was found. This material offers an interesting alternative to InGaAsN for developing 1.3 and 1.55 /spl mu/m laser sources on GaAs substrates: a GaAs/sub 0.729/Sb/sub 0.259/N/sub 0.012//GaAs quantum well has exhibited a room-temperature photoluminescence peak wavelength as long as 1.52 /spl mu/m. This emission is shifted to 1.3 /spl mu/m after post-growth annealing.

Patent
27 Aug 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a telephone device for the prison environment, including at least a supervision unit connected on the one hand to a plurality of telephone sets for inmates, and on the other hand connected to the monitoring unit, characterized in that handsets for inmates are of the public telephone card (6) chip.
Abstract: Dispositif telephonique destine au milieu carceral, comprenant au moins une unite de supervision (1) connectee, d'une part a une pluralite de combines telephoniques (2) destines aux detenus, et d'autre part a une pluralite d'autres combines telephoniques (3) destines aux surveillants, l'unite de supervision (1) etant, d'une part parametrable suivant plusieurs modes possibles selon le reglement interne propre a l'etablissement penitentiaire ainsi equipe, de maniere a permettre un controle des acces au reseau telephonique et d'autre part offre a l'Administration ou a l'exploitant la possibilite d'acceder a tout ou partie des fonctions de controle, au niveau de peripheriques optionnels (4), egalement connectes a l'unite de supervision, caracterise en ce que les combines telephoniques destines aux detenus sont du type telephone public a carte (6) a puce. Telephone device for the prison environment, including at least a supervision unit (1) connected on the one hand to a plurality of telephone sets (2) for inmates, and the other to a plurality of other handsets ( 3) for supervisors, the supervisory unit (1) being a configurable share according to several possible modes according to their own internal rules in prison and equipped to allow control of access to the telephone network on the other hand offers the Administration or the operator can access to any or all of the control functions at the level of optional devices (4), also connected to the monitoring unit, characterized in that handsets for inmates are of the public telephone card (6) chip.

Patent
10 Sep 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method for stabilizing the monocrystalline silicon substrate temperature at a first predetermined temperature T 1 of 400 to 500° C, and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of germanium at a second predetermined temperature t 2 of 750 to 850° C until the desired final thickness for the mon-stalline Germanium final layer is obtained.
Abstract: The invention concerns a method which consists in: (a) stabilization of the monocrystalline silicon substrate temperature at a first predetermined temperature T 1 of 400 to 500° C.; (b) chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of germanium at said first predetermined temperature T 1 until a base germanium layer is formed on the substrate, with a predetermined thickness less than the desired final thickness; (c) increasing the CVD temperature from said first predetermined temperature T 1 up to a second predetermined temperature T 2 of 750 to 850° C.; and (d) carrying on with CVD of germanium at said second predetermined temperature T 2 until the desired final thickness for the monocrystalline germanium final layer is obtained. The invention is useful for making semiconductor devices.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Sébastien Marcel1
15 May 1999
TL;DR: A neural network model is proposed to be used to recognize a hand posture in an image using a space discretisation based on face location and body anthropometry.
Abstract: We propose to use a neural network model to recognize a hand posture in an image. Hand gestures are segmented using a space discretisation based on face location and body anthropometry.

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The paper presents an architecture for reflective middleware based on a multi-model approach, and demonstrates that the approach can support introspection, and fine- and coarse- grained adaptation of the resource management framework.
Abstract: Middleware has emerged as an important architectural component in supporting distributed applications. With the expanding role of middleware, however, a number of problems are emerging. Most significantly, it is becoming difficult for a single solution to meet the requirements of a range of application domains. Hence, the paper argues that the next generation of middleware platforms should be both configurable and re-configurable. Furthermore, it is claimed that reflection offers a principled means of achieving these goals. The paper then presents an architecture for reflective middleware based on a multi-model approach. The main emphasis of the paper is on resource management within this architecture (accessible through one of the meta-models). Through a number of worked examples, we demonstrate that the approach can support introspection, and fine- and coarse- grained adaptation of the resource management framework. We also illustrate how we can achieve multi-faceted adaptation, spanning multiple meta-models.

Book ChapterDOI
09 Nov 1999
TL;DR: New publicly verifiable secret sharing schemes in which everyone, not only the shareholders, can verify that the secret shares are correctly distributed are presented and used to share discrete logarithms and integer factorizations.
Abstract: A publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme is a secret sharing scheme in which everyone, not only the shareholders, can verify that the secret shares are correctly distributed We present new such schemes and use them to share discrete logarithms and integer factorizations The shareholders will be able to recover their shares quickly (fast recovery) or after a predetermined amount of computations (delayed recovery) to prevent the recovery of all the secrets by un-trustworthy shareholders (eg if these schemes are used for escrowing secret keys) The main contribution of this paper is that all the schemes we present need much less computations and communicated bits than previous ones [BGo, FOk, Mao, Sta, YYu] By the way, we introduce in this paper several tools which are of independent interest: a proof of equality of two discrete logarithms modulo two different numbers, an efficient proof of equality of a discrete logarithm and a third root, and an efficient proof of knowledge of the factorization of any composite number n, where it is not necessary to prove previously that n is the product of two prime factors

Journal ArticleDOI
Sylvie Menezo1, Anne Talneau, F. Delorme, S. Grosmaire, F. Gaborit, S. Slempkes 
TL;DR: In this paper, a 10-wavelength 200-GHz channel spacing emitter was realized by monolithically integrating on InP a 10 distributed-Bragg-reflector laser array and a PHASAR used as a 10/spl rarr/1 combiner.
Abstract: A 10-wavelength 200-GHz channel spacing emitter was realized by monolithically integrating on InP a 10 distributed-Bragg-reflector laser array and a PHASAR used as a 10/spl rarr/1 combiner. The design of a wide-squared spectral bandwidth for the PHASAR as well as the lasers tunability ensure wavelength matching between the PHASAR transmission comb and the laser array comb. The channel spacing accuracy of the source is better than 25 GHz and the rejection is higher than 32 dB for all bias.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The result of the integration in ObjectGEODE of an industrial test generation tool is presented, based on two complementary test generation prototypes, TVEDA and TGV, which provides test case generation based on efficient, on-the-fly state space exploration techniques.
Abstract: Automated test generation from formal specifications presents a lot of promises, either in cost control or test suite correctness Some interesting tools begin to emerge, either prototypes or industrial strength tools We present the result of the integration in ObjectGEODE of an industrial test generation tool 1 This tool is based on two complementary test generation prototypes, TVEDA and TGV TVEDA comes from the research laboratory France-Telecom-CNET, it provides for test purposes and test case generation, based on state space exploration combined with heuristics TGV has been designed in the research laboratories Irisa and Verimag, it provides test case generation based on efficient, on-the-fly state space exploration techniques

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A 200 mm 0.35 /spl mu/m silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT) with epitaxially aligned polysilicon emitters is described in this paper.
Abstract: A 200 mm 0.35 /spl mu/m silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT) technology involving epitaxially-aligned polysilicon emitters is described. The devices are shown to combine the high speed performances typical for poly-Si emitter SiGe base devices (f/sub max/ up to 70 GHz) and the low 1/f noise properties of monocrystalline emitter structures (noise figure-of-merit KB as low as 7.2/spl times/10/sup -10/ /spl mu/m/sup 2/). Statistical current gain data are used to demonstrate the manufacturability of this innovative SiGe HBT technology.

Journal ArticleDOI
Thomas Bonald1
TL;DR: It is shown that due to the use of round-trip times measurement, the window dynamics of TCP Vegas are much more stable than those of TCP Reno, resulting in a much more efficient utilization of the network resources.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Appropriate warnings should be issued against the potentially serious risks of using communication devices in the vicinity of acutely ill patients treated with temporary transvenous cardiac pacemakers.
Abstract: A number of experimental and clinical studies have documented the risk potential of interference with implanted pacemakers by various types of cellular phones. Radiofrequency susceptibility of external medical equipment has also been reported in experimental studies. The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate electromagnetic interference of external pacemakers by walkie-talkies and digital cellular telephones. External bipolar pacing was monitored using a digital oscilloscope to record pacemaker pulses and electromagnetic interference separately. Tests with the walkie-talkie, Private Mobile Radio (PMR) (160 MHz, 2.5 W) were conducted during the calling phase. Tests with the cellular phones, global system for mobile communications (GSM) (900 MHz, 2 W) and Digital Cellular System (DCS) (1,800 MHz, 1 W) were conducted in the test mode. Nine widely used external pacemakers from four manufacturers were tested. Various disturbances including pacing inhibition and asynchronous pacing were observed in eight pacemakers by the PMR, in four by the GSM phone, and in two by the DCS phone. The maximum distance that interference persisted ranged from 10-200 cm. This experimental study shows a potential risk of interference of external pacemakers by walkie-talkies and cellular digital phones. Appropriate warnings should be issued against the potentially serious risks of using communication devices in the vicinity of acutely ill patients treated with temporary transvenous cardiac pacemakers.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
15 Mar 1999
TL;DR: A combined adaptive transform codec (ATC) and code-excited linear prediction (CELP) algorithm for the compression of wideband (7 kHz) signals is described and a switching scheme between CELP and ATC mode is proposed and a frame erasure concealment technique is proposed.
Abstract: This paper describes a combined adaptive transform codec (ATC) and code-excited linear prediction (CELP) algorithm, called ATCELP, for the compression of wideband (7 kHz) signals. The CELP algorithm applies mainly to speech, whereas the ATC mode is selected for music and noise signals. We propose a switching scheme between CELP and ATC mode and describe a frame erasure concealment technique. Subjective listening tests have shown that the ATCELP codec at bit rates of 16, 24 and 32 kbit/s achieved performances close to those of the CCITT G.722 at 48, 56 and 64 kbit/s, respectively, at most operating conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper proposes an extension of the Finite Element Time Domain (FETD) method for the global electromagnetic analysis of complex inhomogeneous microwave distributed circuits, containing linear or non linear lumped elements.
Abstract: This paper proposes an extension of the finite-element time-domain method for the global electromagnetic analysis of complex inhomogeneous microwave distributed circuits, containing linear or nonlinear lumped elements. This technique combines Maxwell's equations and circuit equations, directly using SPICE software for the lumped part. Its validation is performed through the study of a strongly coupled two-element active antenna.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1999
TL;DR: The EFISH values are positive as expected from a strong orientational contribution as discussed by the authors, which is related to a dominant asymmetric contribution associated to the Q-band which is resonant at the second-harmonic frequency.
Abstract: The γ (3 ω ; ω , ω , ω ) and γ (2 ω ; ω , ω , 0) hyperpolarizabilities of some novel unsymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) have been measured at λ =1.34 μm and λ =1.9 μm, respectively. The EFISH values are positive as expected from a strong orientational contribution. By using a two-level model including the ground and the Q-excited levels, the off-resonant dipolar β v (0) component of the β tensor has been evaluated. Values are quite significant and reach 46.7×10 −30 esu for the free molecule with an extended conjugated path to the NO 2 acceptor group. The molecules containing a transition metal yield similar values that increase with the sequence Co, Ni, Cu in correlation with the magnitude of the ground state dipole moment. THG susceptibilities are negative and much larger than those measured for similar symmetric compounds. This has been related to a dominant asymmetric contribution associated to the Q-band which is resonant at the second-harmonic frequency.

Book ChapterDOI
15 Feb 1999
TL;DR: This paper extends COB, an object calculus which features objects with dynamically changing service offers, such that it describes “infinite state” types and defines equivalence and subtyping relations over those types based on bisimulation and simulation relations.
Abstract: In a previous work [12] we presented COB, an object calculus which features objects with dynamically changing service offers. We also defined a type system for interfaces and a typing discipline that guarantees that no object may experience an unexpected service request at run-time. In the present paper, we extend our type system such that it describes “infinite state” types. We define equivalence and subtyping relations over those types based on bisimulation and simulation relations. We also define an algorithm to decide the equivalence or the subtyping relation of two types.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, new microoptics are proposed to interconnect single-mode fiber (SMF) ribbons, which allow the increase of the fiber spot size and low loss, wide misalignment tolerances, long working distance, and low cost could be achieved.
Abstract: New microoptics are proposed to interconnect single-mode fiber (SMF) ribbons. These microoptics allow the increase of the fiber spot size. Low loss, wide misalignment tolerances, long working distance, and low cost could be achieved. The fabrication process and experimental results are presented.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 Oct 1999
TL;DR: A mesh approximation method that uses a volume-based metric that naturally and accurately fits the geometric singularities on 3D meshes and permits geometric compression leading to multiresolution meshes with minimal visual losses is introduced.
Abstract: We introduce a mesh approximation method that uses a volume-based metric. After a geometric simplification, we minimize the volume between the simplified mesh and the original mesh using a gradient-based optimization algorithm and a finite-element interpolation model implicitly defined on meshes. The notable contribution of this paper is the theoretical framework which permits the construction of a volume minimization process between two triangular meshes. We chose this volume-based metric because of its good perceptual properties, as it naturally and accurately fits the geometric singularities on 3D meshes. Furthermore, this metric corresponds well to a sort of intuitive error between two 3D surfaces and the resulting optimization algorithm only requires a few parameters. We show that this approach permits geometric compression leading to multiresolution meshes with minimal visual losses.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 Apr 1999
TL;DR: An open design framework, which allows mixing asynchronous and synchronous circuit styles, is presented, based on the development of a tool called "CHP/sub 2/VHDL" which automatically translates CSP-like specifications into VHDL programs.
Abstract: An open design framework, which allows mixing asynchronous and synchronous circuit styles, is presented. It is based on the development of a tool called "CHP/sub 2/VHDL" which automatically translates CSP-like specifications (Communicating Sequential Processes) into VHDL programs. This work follows two main motivations: (i) to provide the asynchronous circuit designers with a powerful execution/simulation framework mixing high-level CSP descriptions, HDL programs and gate level descriptions, (ii) to give to synchronous designers familiar with existing HDL-based top-down design flows, the opportunity to include clockless circuits in their designs. An extension of the CHP language proposed by A.J. Martin (1990) is presented and its simulation-oriented features are discussed. The "CHP/sub 2/VHDL" translator and its software environment are then described. Finally, a significant design experiment is considered to illustrate the efficiency of the design framework.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple but exhaustive analytical model is presented to analyze the physics behind the retrograde channel profiles and pocket implantation conditions in order to choose the implantation condition to follow the ideal curve to the shortest channel lengths.
Abstract: Device optimization in the case of retrograde channel profiles (RCP) and pockets is a very complex task, which also implies some particularities in the V/sub th/-L behavior, unusual when using uniform doping. The more difficult and inefficient may be in this case an optimization based on random cut-and-try experiments or that based on comprehension-lacking simulation. The analysis presented in this paper is based on a simple but exhaustive analytical model. Thanks to that we were able to thoroughly explain the physics behind the retrograde profiles and pockets. We have found some very interesting features as for example the existence of the optimal doping and peak position of RCP, minimizing the roll-off. In the case of pockets we have discovered the existence of an ideal, asymptotic V/sub th/-L curve (dependent only on the amount of roll-up one wishes to allow) and have shown how to choose the pocket implantation conditions in order to follow the ideal curve to the shortest channel lengths. Finally, the model and the acquired know-how are demonstrated experimentally to give excellent improvements when applied to optimization of an 0.15 /spl mu/m technology.