Orange S.A.

About: Orange S.A. is a company organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Terminal (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 6735 authors who have published 9190 publications receiving 156440 citations. The organization is also known as: Orange SA & France Télécom.

Method and device for transmission and switching of packets in an optical network

Abstract: The device includes a multiplexer, a demultiplexer and a distributor with N logical gates and a mixer N to one The multiplexer has N delay lines (10,11,12) made of monomode optical fibres coupled to an optical mixer (3) The demultiplexer has an optical coupler (20), N delay lines and N optical logical gates A tunable laser and an amplifier are coupled to a buffer memory for read/write functions The time window for transmission is selected by a control module (Fi)

Duality Between Uplink Local and Downlink Whole-Body Exposures in Operating Networks

Abstract: The paper deals with the assessment of the exposure to radio-frequency fields induced by mobile networks. The study focuses on the instantaneous relationship between the power transmitted by handsets and that received from the base stations. The power measurements are extrapolated to estimate the exposure. This analysis is based on a set of more than 3.5 million collected samples covering GSM at 900-MHz and 1800-MHz carriers and universal mobile telecommunications system networks at 2100-MHz band. Globally, the study shows that the exchanged powers are much lower than the maximum allowed ones. The duality between the two is highlighted to emphasize that exposure to handsets is higher, whereas exposure to base transceiver station is low and vice versa . In GSM, the exposure from mobiles is shown to be much higher (around 60 dB) than that from base stations. Moreover, although the handset power is adapted depending on the receiving conditions, the analysis shows notable differences between 2G and 3G networks. Indeed, in 3G networks, the highest exposure is not always due to handsets compared to base-station antennas. Based on the presented approach, simple formulations can be derived to take into account real-time public exposure enclosing both devices and base-station contributions.

Verification score normalization in a speaker voice recognition device

Abstract: During a learning phase, a speech recognition device generates parameters of an acceptance voice model relating to a voice segment spoken by an authorized speaker and a rejection voice model. It uses normalization parameters to normalize a speaker verification score depending on the likelihood ratio of a voice segment to be tested and the acceptance model and rejection model. The speaker obtains access to a service application only if the normalized score is above a threshold. According to the invention, a module updates the normalization parameters as a function of the verification score on each voice segment test only if the normalized score is above a second threshold.

Hierarchical encoding/decoding device

Abstract: The invention concerns a hierarchical encoding system for an audio signal, comprising, at least one core parametric encoding core layer by analysis by synthesis in a first frequency band, a band extending layer designed to enlarge said first frequency band into a second frequency band, called extended band. The invention is characterized in that the system further comprises a layer for enhancing the audio encoding quality in the extended band, based on a transform encoding using a spectral parameter derived from said band extending layer. The invention is applicable to the transmission of speech and/or audio signals on packet networks.