Orange S.A.

About: Orange S.A. is a company organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Terminal (electronics) & Signal. The organization has 6735 authors who have published 9190 publications receiving 156440 citations. The organization is also known as: Orange SA & France Télécom.

Advanced encoding of multi-channel digital audio signals

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for encoding a multi-channel audio signal representing a sound scene comprising a plurality of sound sources. The method comprises a step of decomposing (T) the multi-channel signal into frequency bands, and the steps, carried out by frequency band, of obtaining (OBT) data representative of the direction of the sound sources of the sound scene, selecting (Select) a set of sound sources forming the main sources, adapting (DiA_M) data representative of the direction of the selected sound sources based on restitution characteristics of the multi-channel signal, determining a mixing matrix of the main sources on the basis of the adapted data, mastering (M) the main sources with the determined matrix in order to obtain a sum signal with a reduced amount of channels, and encoding (Cod.Di) data representative of the direction of the sound sources and forming a binary stream including encoded data, wherein the binary stream can be transmitted in parallel with the sum signal. The present invention also relates to a decoding method for decoding the sum signal and direction information in order to determine the mixing matrix and to obtain a multi-channel signal, and to an encoder and decoder for same.

Fraud Detection in Mobile Payments Utilizing Process Behavior Analysis

Abstract: Generally, fraud risk implies any intentional deception made for financial gain. In this paper, we consider this risk in the field of services which support transactions with electronic money. Specifically, we apply a tool for predictive security analysis at runtime which observes process behavior with respect to transactions within a money transfer service and tries to match it with expected behavior given by a process model. We analyze deviations from the given behavior specification for anomalies that indicate a possible misuse of the service related to money laundering activities. We evaluate the applicability of the proposed approach and provide measurements on computational and recognition performance of the tool - Predictive Security Analyser - produced using real operational and simulated logs. The goal of the experiments is to detect misuse patterns reflecting a given money laundering scheme in synthetic process behavior based on properties captured from real world transaction events.

Method of electronic payment by chip card by means of numbered tokens allowing the detection of fraud

Abstract: Method of electronic payment by chip card. According to the invention, each token carries a number making it possible to check its authenticity. The invention is used for electronic payment.

Robot-based tele-echography: clinical evaluation of the TER system in abdominal aortic exploration.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The TER system is a robot-based tele-echography system allowing remote ultrasound examination. The specialist moves a mock-up of the ultrasound probe at the master site, and the robot reproduces the movements of the real probe, which sends back ultrasound images and force feedback. This tool could be used to perform ultrasound examinations in small health care centers or from isolated sites. The objective of this study was to prove, under real conditions, the feasibility and reliability of the TER system in detecting abdominal aortic and iliac aneurysms. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients were included in 2 centers in Brest and Grenoble, France. The remote examination was compared with the reference standard, the bedside examination, for aorta and iliac artery diameter measurement, detection and description of aneurysms, detection of atheromatosis, the duration of the examination, and acceptability. RESULTS: All aneurysms (8) were detected by both techniques as intramural thrombosis and extension to the iliac arteries. The interobserver correlation coefficient was 0.982 (P < .0001) for aortic diameters. The rate of concordance between 2 operators in evaluating atheromatosis was 84% +/- 11% (95% confidence interval). CONCLUSIONS: Our study on 58 patients suggests that the TER system could be a reliable, acceptable, and effective robot-based system for performing remote abdominal aortic ultrasound examinations. Research is continuing to improve the equipment for general abdominal use.

Jitter and bandwidth enforcement

Abstract: Cells arriving at an ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) network experience random delays due to queuing in upstream multiplexing stages. The alteration of the initial periodic nature of a constant bit rate cell stream due to such delays is the phenomenon of jitter. An assumption of Markovian dependence between the delays of successive cells makes it possible to calculate various quantities of interest for characterizing the jitter. This assumption is appropriate for two ATM multiplex models, and it was possible to investigate the effects of different source and multiplex parameters on the degree of jitter introduced. Jumping window and leaky bucket mechanisms have been dimensioned to enforce the peak rate of jittered streams. The leaky bucket is seen to be considerably more responsive than the jumping window. A synthetic characterization of jitter consists in the remote delay quantile divided by the period of the considered stream. This is sufficient to dimension the leaky bucket for one of the considered multiplex models and supports the heuristic approach of G. Niestegge (1990). >