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Institution

Osaka University

EducationOsaka, Japan
About: Osaka University is a education organization based out in Osaka, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Population. The organization has 83778 authors who have published 185669 publications receiving 5158122 citations. The organization is also known as: Ōsaka daigaku.
Topics: Laser, Population, Catalysis, Thin film, Gene


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The projectile fragment separator FRS designed for research and applied studies with relativistic heavy ions was installed at GSI as a part of the new high-energy SIS/ESR accelerator facility as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The projectile fragment separator FRS designed for research and applied studies with relativistic heavy ions was installed at GSI as a part of the new high-energy SIS/ESR accelerator facility. This high-resolution forward spectrometer has been successfully used in first atomic and nuclear physics experiments using neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and gold beams in the energy range from 500 to 2000 MeV/u. For the first time relativistic xenon and gold fragments have been isotopically separated. In this contribution we describe first experiments characterizing the performance of this spectrometer.

649 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
07 Jul 1988-Nature
TL;DR: The tensile strength of the F-actin–phalloidin complex is comparable with the average force exerted on a single thin filament in muscle fibres during isometric contraction and the myosin head (subfragment-1) can produce the same ATP-dependent force as intact myOSin.
Abstract: Single actin filaments (∼7nm in diameter) labelled with fluorescent phalloidin can be clearly seen by video-fluorescence microscopy1 This technique has been used to observe motions of single filaments in solution and in several in vitro movement assays1–5 In a further development of the technique, we report here a method to catch and manipulate a single actin filament (F-actin) by glass microneedles under conditions in which external force on the filament can be applied and measured Using this method, we directly measured the tensile strength of a filament (the force necessary to break the bond between two actin monomers) and the force required for a filament to be moved by myosin or its proteolytic fragment bound to a glass surface in the presence of ATP The first result shows that the tensile strength of the F-actin–phalloidin complex is comparable with the average force exerted on a single thin filament in muscle fibres during isometric contraction This force is increased only slightly by tropomyosin The second measurement shows that the myosin head (subfragment-1) can produce the same ATP-dependent force as intact myosin The magnitude of this force is comparable with that produced by each head of myosin in muscle during isometric contraction

648 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which the GPC-Rs activate second messenger systems, and it addresses their regulation and structure.
Abstract: The G protein coupled receptors (GPC-Rs) comprise a large superfamily of genes encoding numerous receptors which all show common structural features, e.g., seven putative membrane spanning domains. Their biological functions are extremely diverse, ranging from vision and olfaction to neuronal and endocrine signaling. The GPC-Rs couple via multiple G proteins to a growing number of recognized second messenger pathway, e.g., cAMP and phosphatidyl inositol turnover. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which the GPC-Rs activate second messenger systems, and it addresses their regulation and structure.

647 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an effective Hamiltonian of an interaction between the orbital states of the Jahn-Teller ions through a canonical transformation was obtained, which associates each electronic state with a local lattice distortion, and by use of the mean field approximation.
Abstract: A theoretical overview of the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect in the insulating phase is given. We obtain an effective Hamiltonian of an interaction between the orbital states of the Jahn-Teller ions through a canonical transformation, which associates each electronic state with a local lattice distortion, and by use of the mean field approximation. The effective Hamiltonian yields a simple unified picture of cooperative distortions of various types. The competing effect of the spin-orbit coupling is discussed also. Electron itinerancy is briefly discussed at the end.

647 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results confirm that cytokinins are a pivotal class of plant growth regulators but provide no evidence that cytkinins are required for the processes of gametogenesis and embryogenesis.
Abstract: Since their discovery as cell-division factors in plant tissue culture about five decades ago, cytokinins have been hypothesized to play a central role in the regulation of cell division and differentiation in plants. To test this hypothesis in planta, we isolated Arabidopsis plants lacking one, two, or three of the genes encoding a subfamily of histidine kinases (CRE1, AHK2, and AHK3) that function as cytokinin receptors. Seeds were obtained for homozygous plants containing mutations in all seven genotypes, namely single, double, and triple mutants, and the responses of germinated seedlings in various cytokinin assays were compared. Both redundant and specific functions for the three different cytokinin receptors were observed. Plants carrying mutations in all three genes did not show cytokinin responses, including inhibition of root elongation, inhibition of root formation, cell proliferation in and greening of calli, and induction of cytokinin primary-response genes. The triple mutants were small and infertile, with a reduction in meristem size and activity, yet they possessed basic organs: roots, stems, and leaves. These results confirm that cytokinins are a pivotal class of plant growth regulators but provide no evidence that cytokinins are required for the processes of gametogenesis and embryogenesis.

645 citations


Authors

Showing all 84130 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Shizuo Akira2611308320561
Thomas C. Südhof191653118007
Tadamitsu Kishimoto1811067130860
Yusuke Nakamura1792076160313
H. S. Chen1792401178529
Hyun-Chul Kim1764076183227
Masayuki Yamamoto1711576123028
Kenji Kangawa1531117110059
Jongmin Lee1502257134772
Yoshio Bando147123480883
Takeo Kanade147799103237
Olaf Reimer14471674359
Yuji Matsuzawa143836116711
Kim Nasmyth14229459231
Tasuku Honjo14171288428
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023139
2022637
20216,914
20206,865
20196,462
20186,189