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Institution

Osaka University

EducationOsaka, Japan
About: Osaka University is a education organization based out in Osaka, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Population. The organization has 83778 authors who have published 185669 publications receiving 5158122 citations. The organization is also known as: Ōsaka daigaku.
Topics: Laser, Population, Catalysis, Thin film, Gene


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that the Beclin 1–hVps34 complex functions in two different steps of autophagy by altering the subunit composition, as well as enhancement of endocytic trafficking.
Abstract: Beclin 1, a protein essential for autophagy, binds to hVps34/Class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and UVRAG. Here, we have identified two Beclin 1 associated proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon. Atg14L and UVRAG bind to Beclin 1 in a mutually exclusive manner, whereas Rubicon binds only to a subpopulation of UVRAG complexes; thus, three different Beclin 1 complexes exist. GFP-Atg14L localized to the isolation membrane and autophagosome, as well as to the ER and unknown puncta. Knockout of Atg14L in mouse ES cells caused a defect in autophagosome formation. GFP-Rubicon was localized at the endosome/lysosome. Knockdown of Rubicon caused enhancement of autophagy, especially at the maturation step, as well as enhancement of endocytic trafficking. These data suggest that the Beclin 1-hVps34 complex functions in two different steps of autophagy by altering the subunit composition.

1,099 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: 'ischemic tolerance' phenomenon induced by ischemic stress--which is unquestionably important--and frequent stress in clinical medicine, is intriguing and may open a new approach to investigate the pathophysiology of isChemic neuronal damage.

1,098 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy‐related terms based on specific biochemical features to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagic research.
Abstract: Over the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms. Moreover, it has become clear that autophagy and autophagy-related processes have profound implications for human pathophysiology. However, considerable confusion persists about the use of appropriate terms to indicate specific types of autophagy and some components of the autophagy machinery, which may have detrimental effects on the expansion of the field. Driven by the overt recognition of such a potential obstacle, a panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy-related terms based on specific biochemical features. The ultimate objective of this collaborative exchange is to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagy research.

1,095 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Aug 1988-Science
TL;DR: A complementary DNA encoding the human IL-6 receptor (IL-6-R) has now been isolated and consists of 468 amino acids, including a signal peptide of approximately 19 amino acids and a domain of approximately 90 amino acids that is similar to a domain in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily.
Abstract: Interleukin-6 (IL-6/BSF-2/IFN beta 2) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the growth and differentiation of various tissues, and is known particularly for its role in the immune response and acute phase reactions. A complementary DNA encoding the human IL-6 receptor (IL-6-R) has now been isolated. The IL-6-R consists of 468 amino acids, including a signal peptide of approximately 19 amino acids and a domain of approximately 90 amino acids that is similar to a domain in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. The cytoplasmic domain of approximately 82 amino acids lacks a tyrosine/kinase domain, unlike other growth factor receptors.

1,088 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
09 Mar 2006-Nature
TL;DR: A critical role for cryopyrin in host defence through bacterial RNA-mediated activation of caspase-1 is revealed and insights regarding the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory syndromes are provided.
Abstract: Missense mutations in the CIAS1 gene cause three autoinflammatory disorders: familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome, Muckle-Wells syndrome and neonatal-onset multiple-system inflammatory disease. Cryopyrin (also called Nalp3), the product of CIAS1, is a member of the NOD-LRR protein family that has been linked to the activation of intracellular host defence signalling pathways. Cryopyrin forms a multi-protein complex termed 'the inflammasome', which contains the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and caspase-1, and promotes caspase-1 activation and processing of pro-interleukin (IL)-1beta (ref. 4). Here we show the effect of cryopyrin deficiency on inflammasome function and immune responses. Cryopyrin and ASC are essential for caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta and IL-18 production in response to bacterial RNA and the imidazoquinoline compounds R837 and R848. In contrast, secretion of tumour-necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6, as well as activation of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were unaffected by cryopyrin deficiency. Furthermore, we show that Toll-like receptors and cryopyrin control the secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 through different intracellular pathways. These results reveal a critical role for cryopyrin in host defence through bacterial RNA-mediated activation of caspase-1, and provide insights regarding the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory syndromes.

1,087 citations


Authors

Showing all 84130 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Shizuo Akira2611308320561
Thomas C. Südhof191653118007
Tadamitsu Kishimoto1811067130860
Yusuke Nakamura1792076160313
H. S. Chen1792401178529
Hyun-Chul Kim1764076183227
Masayuki Yamamoto1711576123028
Kenji Kangawa1531117110059
Jongmin Lee1502257134772
Yoshio Bando147123480883
Takeo Kanade147799103237
Olaf Reimer14471674359
Yuji Matsuzawa143836116711
Kim Nasmyth14229459231
Tasuku Honjo14171288428
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023139
2022637
20216,914
20206,865
20196,462
20186,189