Showing papers by "Oswaldo Cruz Foundation published in 1976"
TL;DR: A estrutura dos esporodermas e das aberturas dos graos de polen comprova o seu relacionamento com outras familias das Urticales.
Abstract: The pollen morphology from some species of eight genera of Moraceae has been studied. The different pollen types found, corresponding to the genera, as well as the structural variations in some of them, confirm the phylogenetic relations in this family. The specimens with a less complex pollen morphology were the trees or shrubs from the genera Brosimum, Cepropia, Chlorophora and Coussapoa, followed by Ficus, Pourouma and Sorocea; the pollen grains from the herbaceous Dorstenia show a complex pollen morphology. The structures of the sporoderm and the apertures of the pollen grains point out the relationship between these genera and other families from the Urticales.
19 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Toddia is not a protozoan and in all probability a viral inclusion corpuscle, and the first report of virus-like particles in L. ocellatus is given.
Abstract: Toddia Franca, 1912 under the light microscope occurs as inclusion corpuscles in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes of cold-blooded vertebrates sometimes accompanied by crystalloid bodies. Its position among the protozoans or the viruses has been discussed by some authors, but remained unclear. To elucidate this problem we studied Toddia from a Brazilian frog (Leptodactylus ocellatus) by electron microscopy. In the cytoplasm of the infected cells we found no protozoan, but rather virus-like particles often hexagonal in outline, averaging 195 nm excluding their two involving membranes, and presenting a central area of variable electron density. Particles at different stages of development were generally found around or on area lighter density than the cytoplasm. which resembled a virus synthesis site. At high magnification, the nuclear or cytoplasmic crystals allied to Toddia resembled the crystalline lattice of the inclusion bodies associated with the polyhedrosis viruses and poxviruses from insects, of the capsules of granulosis viruses and of other protein crystals in ultrathin sections. Cytochemical tests in Toddia corpuscles displayed exclusively the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid. These findings indicate that Toddia is not a protozoan and demonstrate that it is in all probability a viral inclusion corpuscle. Taking into account the nucleic acid type found in its structure (DNA) and the hexagonal shape usually shown in ultrathin sections by its component particles, which have a cytoplasmic site of synthesis and assembly, we tentatively relate Toddia with the so-called "Icosahedral Cytoplasmic Deoxyriboviruses". We believe that the present paper gives the first report of virus-like particles in L. ocellatus.
15 citations
TL;DR: The Brazilian Procamallanus species recovered from characid fishes were discussed in order to let one knows what are the really valid ones up to now and the unidentified damaged material which was put only under the genus.
Abstract: With this work, we went through the Brazilian Procamallanus, all of them but one recovered from freshwater fishes. We describe Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) paraensis n. sp., which is related to Procamallanus (S.) pexatus pinto, Fabio, Noronha & Rolas, 1976 and to Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928. Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii Vaz & Pereira, 1934 is redescribed. The adapted and modified original descriptions of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) macaensis Vicente & Santos, 1972 and Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) barroslimai Pereira, 1935 are included. The latter should be considered a synonym of P. (S.) inopinatus, but the lack of the type sample or fresh material and substantial data prevented us to do so. Therefore, its validity is rather doubtful as also suggested by Kloss (1966), and for this reason it was not included in the key to the species. All the Brazilian Procamallanus species recovered from characid fishes were discussed in order to let one knows what are the really valid ones up to now. We also list the unidentified damaged material which was put only under the genus, as well as the hosts' scientific and common names and their geographical distribution.
13 citations
TL;DR: The authors in this third article on the subject propose two new species: Procamallanus Spinocamallanus) pexatus from Pygidium brasiliensis (Reinh.) and Procam allanus (Procamallanos) peraccuratus from Geophagus brasiliense (Quoy & Gmard.) and Cichlasoma facetum (Jenyns) (Cichlaurus facetus).
Abstract: After studying 63 Procamallanus samples recovered from Brazilian freshwater fishes, the authors in this third article on the subject propose two new species: Procamallanus Spinocamallanus) pexatus from Pygidium brasiliensis (Reinh.) and Procamallanus (Procamallanus) peraccuratus from Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gmard.) and Cichlasoma facetum (Jenyns) (Cichlaurus facetus) as well as consider Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) probus Pinto & Fernandes, 1972, synonym of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, after rechecking the type amount of the former. They also affix an unidentified sample as Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.
13 citations
TL;DR: A fim de apresentar um conhecimento detalhado da estrutura e funcao dos diferentes sistemas nervosos dos Triatominae, comecamos neste estudo com a descricao do sistema senso-motor.
Abstract: A fim de apresentar um conhecimento detalhado da estrutura e funcao dos diferentes sistemas nervosos dos Triatominae, comecamos neste estudo com a descricao do sistema senso-motor. Como primeira parte escolhemos o cerebro e os nervos deste. A forma externa do cerebro e predeterminada pela anatomia da capsula craniana. O cerebro localiza-se na parte posterior da cabeca, embaixo e por tras dos dois ocelos. E caracterizado por um encurtamento em sentido longitudinal, de modo que as conectivas entre sincerebro e Gnatocerebro sao extremamente curtas, porem largas, alem disto, a terceira comissura e incluida na massa do segmento mandibular do Gnatocerebro. As tres massas opticas sao de formacao tipica, bem como a comissura optica. O corpo central e grande e esta em ligacao direta com a maioria dos centros do Protocerebro e do Deutocerebro. O corpo pedunculado possui apenas um unico glomerulo em forma de cogumelo pedunculado sem sinal de formacao de um calice como em formigas e outros insetos mais evoluidos. As extremidades do pedunculo desfazem-se embaixo do Corpo central em um grande complexo de anexos claviformes como encontrado nos Machilidae. O Deutocerebro e caracterizado por um grande centro antenal, composto de numerosos pequenos glomerulos em situacao periferica. O Tritocerebro e pequeno, mostrando na sua parte anterior duas conectivas frontais muito curtas, de modo que o ganglio frontal se situa perto do Tritocerebro. A massa compacta do Gnatocerebro mostra sua composicao por tres pares de gânglios apenas em series de cortes. Alem dos Lobos opticos, saem do cerebro 8 pares de nervos e 3 nervos impares: Do Protocerebro: Os nervos dos ocelos e o nervo do Corpus allatum; Do Deutocerebro: Os nervos das antenas e os da faringe; Do tritocerebro: Os nervos labrais e, atraves do gânglio frontal, o nervo recurrente e o nervo dos musculos da faringe; Do gnatocerebro: Os nervos das mandibulas, maxilas, do labio e das glândulas salivares.
9 citations
TL;DR: The morphology of the pollen grains of the anemophilous species of six additional families is studied, their correct identification being relevant to studies concerning air pollution and allergic processes, chiefly of the respiratory tract.
Abstract: In continuation to the first part of this catalogue (Barth et al., 1975), the morphology of the pollen grains of the anemophilous species of six additional families is studied, their correct identification being relevant to studies concerning air pollution and allergic processes, chiefly of the respiratory tract.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general discussion about the pollen morphology of Urticales from the south of Brazil is presented, where the authors have observed pantoporated grains, by Boehmeria 3-porated and by Phenax and Pilea 2porated ones.
Abstract: By studying the pollen morphology of some genera of the Urticaceae, it was possible to establish some pollinic types In Urera and Urtica we have observed pantoporated grains, by Boehmeria 3-porated and by Phenax and Pilea 2-porated ones A general discussion about the pollen morphology of Urticales from the south of Brazil is presented
7 citations
TL;DR: The author studied the microflora from two genera of Bromeliaceae: Hoenbergia and Portea, collecting material in six natural regions of Pernambuco State, finding diatoms that indicate polluted water (oligosaprobic species) and the occurence of Culex larvae and Anopheles larvae.
Abstract: The author studied the microflora from two genera of Bromeliaceae: Hoenbergia and Portea. The material was collected in six natural regions of Pernambuco State: 1) Humid Forest Region; 2) Dry forest region; 3) Central Agreste Region; 4) Setentrional Agreste Region; 5) Meridional Agreste Region; 6) Recife Region. The following diatoms that indicate polluted water (oligosaprobic species) have been found in the six Regions studied: Gomphonema parvulum (Kutz) Grunow, Hantzschia amphioxys Grunow, Pinnularia borealis Ehr., Pinnularia microstauron (Ehr) Cleve, Gomphonema gracile Ehr., Nitzschia palea Kutz., Melosira roeseana Rabenh., Navicula mutica Kutz., Navicula cryptocephala Kutz., Eunotia pectinalis (Kutz) Rabenh. Chlorophyceae were also found in samples collected in rainy and dry seasons. some are indicators of oligosaprobic conditions: Sceneaesmus quadricauda (Turpin) Brebisson, Chloro coccum sp., Chlorella sp. Ecological factors and comments, concerning diatoms are reported in the text. Most part of diatoms we have reported in the Agreste Regions. Table (I) shows the frequency of diatoms in the six Regions studied. Table (II) indicates temperature and pH of the water of the bromeliads Hoenbergia and Portea in both seasons of the year (winter and summer). We report the occurence of Culex larvae in Portea and Hoenbergia, however, we also found Anopheles larvae, but they were rarely observed. Collections were made in the rainy and dry seasons in Hoenbergia and Portea. A total of 35 species was determined from 78 samples collected during a period of 26 months.
7 citations
TL;DR: The pollen morphology of two species of Linaceae-Humirioideae and three species of the genus Erythroxylum has been described and Humiria balsamifera, which belongs to the same pollen type, is different with regard to the apertures and exine stratification.
Abstract: The pollen morphology of two species of Linaceae-Humirioideae and three species of the genus Erythroxylum has been described. All the specimens studied occurin the southern part of Brazil, except Humiria balsamifera whose pollen morphology has been studied in order to establish the phylogenetic relationships between the species of the two familes. Vantanea and Erythroxylum belong to the same pollen type, but H. balsamifera is different with regard to the apertures and exine stratification.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this last part of the catalogue, the pollen grains of the anemophilous species belonging to the monocotyledons were studied and the pollinic descriptions of one Cupressaceae and one Combretaceae were added.
Abstract: In this last part of the catalogue we have studied the pollen grains of the anemophilous species belonging to the monocotyledons. To the list of the formerly studied species were added the pollinic descriptions of one Cupressaceae and one Combretaceae. A general key is presented for identification by pollen morphology of the anemophilous species also described in the three former parts of the Catalogue.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the morphology of three species from two genera has been studied and the pollen grains are similar and present some morphological characters, according to the primitive phyllogenetic position of this family.
Abstract: The pollen morphology of three species from two genera has been studied. The pollen grains are similar and present some morphological characters, according to the primitive phyllogenetic position of this family.
TL;DR: Original camera lucida drawings are included, as well as measurement tables, for the first time in Brazil having been found in new hosts.
Abstract: Cyclocoelum (Cyclocoelum) mutabile (Zeder, 1800), Cyclocoelum (Cyclocoelum) phasidi Stunkard, 1929 and Cyclocoelum (Haematotrephus) vanelli (Rudolphi, 1819) are recorded for the first time in Brazil having been found in new hosts. Original camera lucida drawings are included, as well as measurement tables.
TL;DR: Positive xenodiagnostic was obtained in 9 out of 10 chronic Chagas' disease patients on which triatoma infestans were allowed to feed at 2hr intervals along a period of 24hr.
Abstract: Positive xenodiagnostic was obtained in 9 out of 10 chronic Chagas' disease patients on which triatoma infestans were allowed to feed at 2hr intervals along a period of 24hr
TL;DR: Os autores redescrevem e apresentam figuras originais do exemplar tipo de Stephanoprora singularis de Lutz propondo uma nova combinacao: Equinoparyphium singularis (Lutz, 1924) comb.
Abstract: The authors redescribe and present original figures of the type of S. singularis (Lutz, 1924) proposing a new combination: Equinoparyphium singularis (Lutz, 1924) n. comb.
TL;DR: To give a concrete aspect of structure, topography and function of the different nervous systems of the Triatominae, the senso-motor system is described and the study of the brain and its nerves is chosen.
Abstract: To give a concrete aspect of structure, topography and function of the different nervous systems of the Triatominae, we begin this study with a description of the senso-motor system. As the first part we choose the study of the brain and its nerves. The external form of the brain is conditioned by the anatomy and morphology of the head. The brain is situated in the posterior part of the head beneath and behind the ocelli. It is characterized by the reduction of its longitudinal extension and, by this, the connectives between Syncerebrum and Gnathocerebrum are extremely short, but large, and the third commissure is included in the mass of the mandibular segment of the Gnatocerebrum. The optical masses are of the typical form, also the optical commissure. The Central Corps is volumous and is directly linked with the majority of the centres of the Protocerebrum and Deutocerebrum. The Pedunculated Corps has only one glomerulus that looks like a pedunculated mushroom without any signal of the formation of a calyx, found in ants and other more evoluted insects. Beneath the Central Corps, the extremities of the pedunculus disintegrate and form a number of claviform annexes like in the primitive Machilidae. The Deutocerebrum is characterized by volumous antennal centre, composed by numerous little glomeruli in peripheral situation. The Tritocerebrum is very reduced and has in its anterior part two very short frontal connectives and, by this, the frontal ganglion lies near the Tritocerebrum. The compact mass of the Gnathocerebrum shows its composition by three pairs of ganglions only by observation of series of preparations. With exception of the Lobi optici, 8 pair nerves and 3 impair nerves come from the brain: From the Protocerebrum: the nerves of the ocelli and the nerve of the Corpus allatum. From the Deutocerebrum: the nerves of the antennae and those of the pharynx. From the Tritocerebrum, the nerves of the labrum and, by the frontal ganglion, the Nervus recurrens and the nerve of pharyngeal muscles. From the Gnathocerebrum: the nerves of the amndibulae, maxillae, labium and of the salivary glands.
TL;DR: A spontaneous mutant strain derived from the sporogenic B. licheniformis 2390 was studied with a view to determining at what developmental stage toward sporulation it was blocked, and it was suggested that the mutant cells harvested during the stationary phase of the growth curve were unable to go beyond stage I of sporogenesis.
Abstract: A spontaneous mutant strain derived from the sporogenic B. licheniformis 2390 was studied with a view to determining at what developmental stage toward sporulation it was blocked. Electronmicrographs suggested that the mutant cells harvested during the stationary phase of the growth curve were unable to go beyond stage I of sporogenesis (i. e., their nucleoid remained as an axial filament). On the other hand, antibiotic production (bacitracin) and proteolytic activity were easily detected. Under the present experimental conditions the mutant strain, named Spolp-72, did not synthesize spores by starvation in a solution of inorganic salts, in contrast with the parental strain. However, it showed a sporulation frequency under 10*-7 when cultivated in media favorable to sporogenesis. This strain shows a restricted initial vegetative growth when compared withstrain 2390, whereas, inversely, its respiratory metabolism (oxigen consumption) is signicantly higher. The last-mentioned behavior was confirmed in the present study, contrasting with other described types of sporulation mutants which are blocked at early stages of the sporogenetic path.
TL;DR: The apparent scarcity of serious clinical forms suggests at first that Chagas' disease is, at the moment, being implanted as a human disease and is reproducing there, which must have occurred in a large extension of the nation, for the past two hundred years.
Abstract: A prospective activity on Chagas' disease is reported in a wide region of colonization projects at the northern part of Minas Gerais. Triatomine-trypanosome search and sorological clinical inquiry among the population revealed a marked presence of triatoms in the area, with more than 60% of the dwellings infested by T. infestans or T. sordida, with global indexes of positiveness to T. (S.) cruzi at the level of 6.0% of the captured bugs. Two distinct situations are defined according to the dwelling place of these species, T. infestans being undoubtedly associated to the precarious patterns of the poorer population's dwellings, especially in Lagedinho and Gado Bravo, with high indexes of domicile density of this species. T. sordida apparently prevails on the southern part of Janauba, and we may suggest that the species is still in the predominant wild phase, with sporadic domiciliated foci. The analysis of the population reveals relative high indexes of infection (about 10%), sorologically demonstrated, showing recent transmission through positive examinations in low-aged persons. The apparent scarcity of serious clinical forms suggests at first that Chagas' disease is, at the moment, being implanted as a human disease and is reproducing there, which must have occurred in a large extension of the nation, for the past two hundred years. Parallel to the ecological study of the interaction man-vector-trypanosome, the detected situation seems to constitute an important model for concrete and actual situations, as the conquest of Amazonia inclusive and specially in relation to the measures taken regarding the convenient prevention in benefit of the pioneer populations.