Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.

Aedes aegypti: inseticidas, mecanismos de ação e resistência

Abstract: In Brazil, dengue is transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Aedes albopictus, a potential dengue vector, is spreading all over the country. The use of chemical insecticides is yet the main vector control component. The action of the main classes of compounds traditionally employed in Public Health is described, as well as the resistance mechanisms selected by vector populations. Alternative products, with potential to be used in the control of A. aegypti, including the biolarvicide Bti and some insect growth regulators, are also discussed. The authors aim at contributing with the rational insecticide use, taking into account the different components of the integrated control

Lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 - time to connect.

Abstract: Loneliness and social isolation are associated with poor mental and physical health and may increase the likelihood of common mental disorders (depressive and anxiety disorders), substance use, and cognitive decline1,2 . At this moment, people around the globe have been urged to self-isolate and refrain from social interaction due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From public health and preventative care perspectives, there is a pressing need to provide individuals, communities and health agencies with information and interventions to maintain the healthiest possible lifestyle while in isolation.

Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, tryptophan degradation, and kynurenine formation during in vivo infection with Toxoplasma gondii: induction by endogenous gamma interferon and requirement of interferon regulatory factor 1.

Abstract: The induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (INDO) expression and the tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) metabolic pathway during in vivo infection with Toxoplasma gondii was investigated. Decreased levels of Trp and increased formation of Kyn were observed in the lungs, brain, and serum from mice infected with T. gondii. Maximal INDO mRNA expression and enzyme activity were detected in the lungs at 10 to 20 days postinfection. Further, the induction of INDO mRNA expression, Trp degradation and Kyn formation were completely absent in tissues from mice deficient in IFN-γ (IFN-γ−/−) or IFN regulatory factor -1 (IRF-1−/−). These findings indicate the important role of endogenous IFN-γ and IRF-1 in the in vivo induction of the Trp-Kyn metabolic pathway during acute infection with T. gondii. In contrast, expression of INDO mRNA and its activity was preserved in the tissues of TNF-receptor p55- or inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice infected with T. gondii. Together with the results showing the extreme susceptibility of the IFN-γ−/− and the IRF-1−/− mice to infection with T. gondii, our results indicate a possible involvement of INDO and Trp degradation in host resistance to early infection with this parasite.