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Institution

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

FacilityRio de Janeiro, Brazil
About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: PPARγ is involved in lipid body biogenesis, unravels a cross-talk between the innate immune receptor TLR2 and the lipid-activated nuclear receptor PPARγ that coordinates lipid metabolism and inflammation in BCG-infected macrophages, thereby potentially affecting mycobacterial pathogenesis.
Abstract: Macrophages have important roles in both lipid metabolism and inflammation and are central to immunity to intracellular pathogens. Foam-like, lipid-laden macrophages are present during the course of mycobacterial infection and have recently been implicated in mycobacterial pathogenesis. In this study, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of macrophage lipid bodies (lipid droplets) during Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection, focusing on the role of the lipid-activated nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). We found that BCG infection induced increased expression of PPARgamma that paralleled the augmented lipid body formation and PGE(2) synthesis in mouse peritoneal macrophages. BCG-induced PPARgamma expression and lipid body formation were diminished in macrophages from TLR2-deficient mice, suggesting a key role for TLR2. The function of PPARgamma in modulating BCG infection was demonstrated by the capacity of the PPARgamma agonist BRL49653 to potentiate lipid body formation and PGE(2) production; furthermore, pretreatment with the PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 inhibited BCG-induced lipid body formation and PGE(2) production. BCG-induced MIP-1alpha, IL12p70, TNF-alpha, and IL6 production was not inhibited by GW9662 treatment. Nonpathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis failed to induce PPARgamma expression or lipid body formation. Moreover, inhibition of PPARgamma by GW9662 enhanced the mycobacterial killing capacity of macrophages. Our findings show that PPARgamma is involved in lipid body biogenesis, unravels a cross-talk between the innate immune receptor TLR2 and the lipid-activated nuclear receptor PPARgamma that coordinates lipid metabolism and inflammation in BCG-infected macrophages, thereby potentially affecting mycobacterial pathogenesis.

150 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors deal with the relations between masculinities and health care, approaching the recognition of health needs among male users of primary health care and the responses by the services.
Abstract: This study deals with the relations between masculinities and health care, approaching the recognition of health needs among male users of primary health care and the responses by the services. The study is part of a larger research project in four Brazilian States, with a convenience sample of eight health services. Ethnographic observation was compared with semi-structured interviews with 182 health care users from 15 to 65 years of age and 72 health professionals. Thematic analysis of the ethnographic records and interviews was based on gender references and studies on health work. The findings show how medicalization of health needs affects users, professionals, and services, disguising issues related to masculinity. Primary care focuses mainly on women, thereby reproducing gender inequalities in health services operations and professional performance, with women receiving disciplined care and men receiving insufficient attention and care.

150 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The essential role of lipid metabolic reprograming and LD formation in SARS-CoV-2 replication and pathogenesis is demonstrated, opening new opportunities for therapeutic strategies to COVID-19 patients.
Abstract: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that make use of the host metabolic machineries to meet their biosynthetic needs. Thus, identifying the host pathways essential for the virus replication may lead to potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The mechanisms and pathways explored by SARS-CoV-2 to support its replication within host cells are not fully known. Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles with major functions in lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis and intracellular transport, and have multiple roles in infections and inflammation. Here we described that monocytes from COVID-19 patients have an increased LD accumulation compared to SARS-CoV-2 negative donors. In vitro, SARS-CoV-2 infection were seen to modulate pathways of lipid synthesis and uptake as monitored by testing for CD36, SREBP-1, PPARγ, and DGAT-1 expression in monocytes and triggered LD formation in different human cell lines. LDs were found in close apposition with SARS-CoV-2 proteins and double-stranded (ds)-RNA in infected Vero cells. Electron microscopy (EM) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero cells show viral particles colocalizing with LDs, suggestive that LDs might serve as an assembly platform. Pharmacological modulation of LD formation by inhibition of DGAT-1 with A922500 significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication as well as reduced production of mediators pro-inflammatory response. Taken together, we demonstrate the essential role of lipid metabolic reprograming and LD formation in SARS-CoV-2 replication and pathogenesis, opening new opportunities for therapeutic strategies to COVID-19.

150 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: DNA sequence analysis of the cloned products reveals high conservation of both the exon and intron of Leishmania strains, and variation is evident in both the length and primary sequence of the non-transcribed spacers of the mini-exon genes.

150 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These results highlight the contribution of the FHP to improved health system performance and reflect the complexity of the health reform processes under way in Brazil.
Abstract: Objectives. We assessed the influence of changes in primary care and hospital supply on rates of ambulatory care–sensitive (ACS) hospitalizations among adults in Brazil.Methods. We aggregated data on nearly 60 million public sector hospitalizations between 1999 and 2007 to Brazil's 558 microregions. We modeled adult ACS hospitalization rates as a function of area-level socioeconomic factors, health services supply, Family Health Program (FHP) availability, and health needs by using dynamic panel estimation techniques to control for endogenous explanatory variables.Results. The ACS hospitalization rates declined by more than 5% annually. When we controlled for other factors, FHP availability was associated with lower ACS hospitalization rates, whereas private or nonprofit hospital beds were associated with higher rates. Areas with highest predicted ACS hospitalization rates were those with the highest private or nonprofit hospital bed supply and with low (< 25%) FHP coverage. The lowest predicted rates wer...

150 citations


Authors

Showing all 18833 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Douglas T. Golenbock12331761267
Guy A. Zimmerman10932839740
David Brown105125746827
Liam Smeeth10475353433
Ann M. Dvorak9943741073
David C. Spray9540028732
Theodore A. Slotkin8957530070
Fernando Q. Cunha8868231501
Mauro M. Teixeira8671331301
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli8634028233
Peter F. Weller8533122005
João B. Calixto8146023029
Frederic J. Seidler8037219564
João Santana da Silva8039919060
Deborah Carvalho Malta7770661000
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202334
2022250
20212,842
20202,942
20192,404
20182,302