Institution
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
Facility•Rio de Janeiro, Brazil•
About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.
Topics: Population, Trypanosoma cruzi, Immune system, Leishmania, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Dealing with these questions enhance the possibility of changing practices that are making men invisible to the primary healthcare programs and taking them apart of the self care condition as well as the condition of carriers of others.
Abstract: This article deals with the masculine absence and/or invisibility in primary healthcare services and the consequent exclusion of men of the preventive care. The analytical frame is based on the literature that discusses care related to health and masculinity. Methodologically the study uses qualitative analysis of the empirical data (reports) gathered by semi-structured individual interviews of 20 professionals and by two focus groups with 12 workers of the nursing assistants staff of two primary healthcare services of the city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Results point out two significant dimensions: the structural and the symbolic one. The structural dimension reveals low investment in the services' organization related to gender perspective approach, reinforcing the common sense that men are not primary healthcare users. The symbolic dimension shows the non consideration of the masculine universe themes as the difficulty men have in revealing themselves to the professional, demanding a special privacy for attendance. Dealing with these questions enhance the possibility of changing practices that are making men invisible to the primary healthcare programs and taking them apart of the self care condition as well as the condition of carriers of others.
122 citations
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TL;DR: Microsequencing of six protein spots present in the cell wall fraction allowed identification of new proteins, including the protein elongation factor EF-Tu and a homolog for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA response regulator, contribute to the progressive knowledge of the composition of the in vivo-expressed proteins of M. leprae.
Abstract: Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular pathogen, can be derived only from host tissue and thus affords the opportunity to study in vivo-expressed products responsible for the particular pathogenesis of leprosy. Despite considerable progress in the characterization of the proteins and secondary gene products of M. leprae, there is little information on the nature of the proteins associated with the cell envelope. M. leprae has been fractionated into its major subcellular components, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, and soluble cytosol. A number of biochemical markers, including diaminopimelic acid content, monosaccharide composition, mycolic acid, and glycolipid distribution, were applied to their characterization, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to map the component proteins. A total of 391 major proteins spots were resolved, and 8 proteins were identified based on their reactivity to a panel of monoclonal antibodies and/or relative pI size. Microsequencing of six protein spots present in the cell wall fraction allowed identification of new proteins, including the protein elongation factor EF-Tu and a homolog for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA response regulator. These results, together with previous studies, contribute to the progressive knowledge of the composition of the in vivo-expressed proteins of M. leprae.
122 citations
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Thomas B. Campbell1, Laura M. Smeaton2, N. Kumarasamy3, Timothy P. Flanigan4 +154 more•Institutions (46)
TL;DR: Findings of a randomized trial conducted in multiple countries regarding the efficacy of antiretroviral regimens with simplified dosing with positive results are reported.
Abstract: Background
Antiretroviral regimens with simplified dosing and better safety are needed to maximize the efficiency of antiretroviral delivery in resource-limited settings. We investigated the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral regimens with once-daily compared to twice-daily dosing in diverse areas of the world.
Methods and Findings
1,571 HIV-1-infected persons (47% women) from nine countries in four continents were assigned with equal probability to open-label antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz plus lamivudine-zidovudine (EFV+3TC-ZDV), atazanavir plus didanosine-EC plus emtricitabine (ATV+DDI+FTC), or efavirenz plus emtricitabine-tenofovir-disoproxil fumarate (DF) (EFV+FTC-TDF). ATV+DDI+FTC and EFV+FTC-TDF were hypothesized to be non-inferior to EFV+3TC-ZDV if the upper one-sided 95% confidence bound for the hazard ratio (HR) was ≤1.35 when 30% of participants had treatment failure.
An independent monitoring board recommended stopping study follow-up prior to accumulation of 472 treatment failures. Comparing EFV+FTC-TDF to EFV+3TC-ZDV, during a median 184 wk of follow-up there were 95 treatment failures (18%) among 526 participants versus 98 failures among 519 participants (19%; HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.72–1.27; p = 0.74). Safety endpoints occurred in 243 (46%) participants assigned to EFV+FTC-TDF versus 313 (60%) assigned to EFV+3TC-ZDV (HR 0.64, CI 0.54–0.76; p<0.001) and there was a significant interaction between sex and regimen safety (HR 0.50, CI 0.39–0.64 for women; HR 0.79, CI 0.62–1.00 for men; p = 0.01). Comparing ATV+DDI+FTC to EFV+3TC-ZDV, during a median follow-up of 81 wk there were 108 failures (21%) among 526 participants assigned to ATV+DDI+FTC and 76 (15%) among 519 participants assigned to EFV+3TC-ZDV (HR 1.51, CI 1.12–2.04; p = 0.007).
Conclusion
EFV+FTC-TDF had similar high efficacy compared to EFV+3TC-ZDV in this trial population, recruited in diverse multinational settings. Superior safety, especially in HIV-1-infected women, and once-daily dosing of EFV+FTC-TDF are advantageous for use of this regimen for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection in resource-limited countries. ATV+DDI+FTC had inferior efficacy and is not recommended as an initial antiretroviral regimen.
Trial Registration
www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00084136
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
122 citations
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TL;DR: People living in the South and Southeast regions still have greater access to health services, as do those whose head of household has a higher level of education, as well as people who live in the North region of Brazil.
Abstract: OBJETIVO Descrever o uso de servicos de saude na populacao brasileira segundo fatores sociodemograficos, de acordo com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saude, 2013. METODOS Foram analisados dados referentes a 205 mil brasileiros, de todas as faixas etarias, que participaram da Pesquisa Nacional de Saude, estudo transversal conduzido em 2013. Calcularam-se as prevalencias e seus […]
122 citations
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TL;DR: Large-scale trials of a trapping system designed to collect silvatic Triatominae are reported, which provides an effective way to detect the presence of triatomines in terrestrial and arborealsilvatic habitats and represents a promising tool for ecological studies.
Abstract: Large-scale trials of a trapping system designed to collect silvatic Triatominae are reported. Live-baited adhesive traps were tested in various ecosystems and different triatomine habitats (arboreal and terrestrial). The trials were always successful, with a rate of positive habitats generally over 20% and reaching 48.4% for palm trees of the Amazon basin. Eleven species of Triatominae belonging to the three genera of public health importance (Triatoma, Rhodnius and Panstrongylus) were captured. This trapping system provides an effective way to detect the presence of triatomines in terrestrial and arboreal silvatic habitats and represents a promising tool for ecological studies. Various lines of research are contemplated to improve the performance of this trapping system.
122 citations
Authors
Showing all 18833 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Douglas T. Golenbock | 123 | 317 | 61267 |
Guy A. Zimmerman | 109 | 328 | 39740 |
David Brown | 105 | 1257 | 46827 |
Liam Smeeth | 104 | 753 | 53433 |
Ann M. Dvorak | 99 | 437 | 41073 |
David C. Spray | 95 | 400 | 28732 |
Theodore A. Slotkin | 89 | 575 | 30070 |
Fernando Q. Cunha | 88 | 682 | 31501 |
Mauro M. Teixeira | 86 | 713 | 31301 |
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli | 86 | 340 | 28233 |
Peter F. Weller | 85 | 331 | 22005 |
João B. Calixto | 81 | 460 | 23029 |
Frederic J. Seidler | 80 | 372 | 19564 |
João Santana da Silva | 80 | 399 | 19060 |
Deborah Carvalho Malta | 77 | 706 | 61000 |