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Institution

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

FacilityRio de Janeiro, Brazil
About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Open Reading Frame 1ab of COVID‐2019 has been analyzed to evidence the presence of mutation caused by selective pressure on the virus, and the stabilizing mutation falling in the endosome‐associated‐protein‐like domain of the nsp2 protein could account for CO VID‐2019 high ability of contagious, while the destabilizing mutation in nsp3 proteins could suggest a potential mechanism differentiating COVID•2019 from SARS.
Abstract: Last December 2019, a new virus, named novel Coronavirus (COVID-2019) causing many cases of severe pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China. The virus knowledge is limited and especially about COVID-2019 pathogenesis. The Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF1ab) of COVID-2019 has been analyzed to evidence the presence of mutation caused by selective pressure on the virus. For selective pressure analysis fast-unconstrained Bayesian approximation (FUBAR) was used. Homology modelling has been performed by SwissModel and HHPred servers. The presence of transmembrane helical segments in Coronavirus ORF1ab non structural protein 2 (nsp2) and nsp3 was tested by TMHMM, MEMSAT, and MEMPACK tools. Three-dimensional structures have been analyzed and displayed using PyMOL. FUBAR analysis revealed the presence of potential sites under positive selective pressure (P < .05). Position 723 in the COVID-2019 has a serine instead a glycine residue, while at aminoacidic position 1010 a proline instead an isoleucine. Significant (P < .05) pervasive negative selection in 2416 sites (55%) was found. The positive selective pressure could account for some clinical features of this virus compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Bat SARS-like CoV. The stabilizing mutation falling in the endosome-associated-protein-like domain of the nsp2 protein could account for COVID-2019 high ability of contagious, while the destabilizing mutation in nsp3 proteins could suggest a potential mechanism differentiating COVID-2019 from SARS. These data could be helpful for further investigation aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets or vaccine strategy, especially in the actual moment when the epidemic is ongoing and the scientific community is trying to enrich knowledge about this new viral pathogen.

306 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The increase in transmission through heterosexual contact has resulted in substantial growth of cases among women, which has been pointed out as the most important characteristic of the epidemic's current dynamic in Brazil.
Abstract: The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a dynamic unstable global phenomenon, constituting a veritable mosaic of regional sub-epidemics. As a consequence of the deep inequalities that exist in Brazilian society, the spread of HIV infection has revealed an epidemic of multiple dimensions undergoing extensive epidemiological transformations. Initially restricted to large urban centers and markedly masculine, the HIV/AIDS epidemic is currently characterized by heterosexualization, feminization, interiorization and pauperization. The evolution of the profile of AIDS in Brazil is above all due to the geographical diffusion of the disease from large urban centers towards medium and small municipalities in the interior, to the increase in heterosexual transmission and the persistent growth of cases among injecting drug users. The increase in transmission through heterosexual contact has resulted in substantial growth of cases among women, which has been pointed out as the most important characteristic of the epidemic's current dynamic in Brazil.

306 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Obesity, family members at home, watching TV during mealtime, country of residence, and maternal education were diversely correlated with adequate nutrition during COVID-19 confinement, suggesting that public health authorities reshape future policies on their nutritional recommendations, in preparation for future pandemics.
Abstract: Confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic can influence dietary profiles, especially those of adolescents, who are highly susceptible to acquiring bad eating habits Adolescents’ poor dietary habits increase their subsequent risk of degenerative diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular pathologies, etc Our aim was to study nutritional modifications during COVID-19 confinement in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, compare them with their usual diet and dietary guidelines, and identify variables that may have influenced changes Data were collected by an anonymous online questionnaire on food intake among 820 adolescents from Spain, Italy, Brazil, Colombia, and Chile The results show that COVID-19 confinement did influence their dietary habits In particular, we recorded modified consumption of fried food, sweet food, legumes, vegetables, and fruits Moreover, gender, family members at home, watching TV during mealtime, country of residence, and maternal education were diversely correlated with adequate nutrition during COVID-19 confinement Understanding the adolescents’ nutrition behavior during COVID-19 lockdown will help public health authorities reshape future policies on their nutritional recommendations, in preparation for future pandemics

305 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Hayden C. Metsky1, Hayden C. Metsky2, Christian B. Matranga2, Shirlee Wohl3, Shirlee Wohl2, Stephen F. Schaffner3, Stephen F. Schaffner2, Catherine A. Freije3, Catherine A. Freije2, Sarah M. Winnicki2, Kendra West2, James Qu2, Mary Lynn Baniecki2, Adrianne Gladden-Young2, Aaron E. Lin2, Aaron E. Lin3, Christopher Tomkins-Tinch2, Simon Ye1, Simon Ye2, Daniel J. Park2, Cynthia Y. Luo2, Cynthia Y. Luo3, Kayla G. Barnes3, Kayla G. Barnes2, Rickey R. Shah2, Rickey R. Shah3, Bridget Chak2, Bridget Chak3, Giselle Barbosa-Lima4, Edson Delatorre5, Yasmine Rangel Vieira4, Lauren M. Paul6, Amanda L Tan6, Carolyn M. Barcellona6, Mario C. Porcelli, Chalmers Vasquez, Andrew C. Cannons7, Marshall R. Cone7, Kelly N. Hogan7, Edgar W. Kopp7, Joshua J. Anzinger8, Kimberly García9, Leda Parham9, Rosa Margarita Gelvez Ramirez10, Maria Conseulo Miranda Montoya10, Diana Patricia Rojas11, Catherine M. Brown12, Scott Hennigan12, Brandon Sabina12, Sarah Scotland12, Karthik Gangavarapu13, Nathan D. Grubaugh13, Glenn Oliveira14, Refugio Robles-Sikisaka13, Andrew Rambaut15, Andrew Rambaut4, Lee Gehrke1, Lee Gehrke3, Sandra Smole12, M. Elizabeth Halloran16, M. Elizabeth Halloran17, Luis Angel Villar10, Salim Mattar18, Ivette Lorenzana9, José Cerbino-Neto4, Clarissa Valim19, Clarissa Valim3, Wim Degrave5, Patrícia T. Bozza5, Andreas Gnirke2, Kristian G. Andersen14, Kristian G. Andersen13, Sharon Isern6, Scott F. Michael6, Fernando A. Bozza4, Thiago Moreno L. Souza5, Irene Bosch1, Nathan L. Yozwiak2, Nathan L. Yozwiak3, Bronwyn MacInnis3, Bronwyn MacInnis2, Pardis C. Sabeti 
24 May 2017-Nature
TL;DR: It is found that ZIKV circulated undetected in multiple regions for many months before the first locally transmitted cases were confirmed, highlighting the importance of surveillance of viral infections.
Abstract: Although the recent Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in the Americas and its link to birth defects have attracted a great deal of attention, much remains unknown about ZIKV disease epidemiology and ZIKV evolution, in part owing to a lack of genomic data Here we address this gap in knowledge by using multiple sequencing approaches to generate 110 ZIKV genomes from clinical and mosquito samples from 10 countries and territories, greatly expanding the observed viral genetic diversity from this outbreak We analysed the timing and patterns of introductions into distinct geographic regions; our phylogenetic evidence suggests rapid expansion of the outbreak in Brazil and multiple introductions of outbreak strains into Puerto Rico, Honduras, Colombia, other Caribbean islands, and the continental United States We find that ZIKV circulated undetected in multiple regions for many months before the first locally transmitted cases were confirmed, highlighting the importance of surveillance of viral infections We identify mutations with possible functional implications for ZIKV biology and pathogenesis, as well as those that might be relevant to the effectiveness of diagnostic tests

304 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results reveal that TLR2 and TLR9 cooperate in the control of parasite replication and thatTLR9 has a primary role in the MyD88-dependent induction of IL-12/IFN-γ synthesis during infection with T. cruzi.
Abstract: Activation of innate immune cells by Trypanosoma cruzi-derived molecules such as GPI anchors and DNA induces proinflammatory cytokine production and host defense mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that DNA from T. cruzi stimulates cytokine production by APCs in a TLR9-dependent manner and synergizes with parasite-derived GPI anchor, a TLR2 agonist, in the induction of cytokines by macrophages. Compared with wild-type animals, T. cruzi-infected Tlr9(-/-) mice displayed elevated parasitemia and decreased survival. Strikingly, infected Tlr2(-/-)Tlr9(-/-) mice developed a parasitemia equivalent to animals lacking MyD88, an essential signaling molecule for most TLR, but did not show the acute mortality displayed by MyD88(-/-) animals. The enhanced susceptibility of Tlr9(-/-) and Tlr2(-/-)Tlr9(-/-) mice was associated with decreased in vivo IL-12/IFN-gamma responses. Our results reveal that TLR2 and TLR9 cooperate in the control of parasite replication and that TLR9 has a primary role in the MyD88-dependent induction of IL-12/IFN-gamma synthesis during infection with T. cruzi.

304 citations


Authors

Showing all 18833 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Douglas T. Golenbock12331761267
Guy A. Zimmerman10932839740
David Brown105125746827
Liam Smeeth10475353433
Ann M. Dvorak9943741073
David C. Spray9540028732
Theodore A. Slotkin8957530070
Fernando Q. Cunha8868231501
Mauro M. Teixeira8671331301
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli8634028233
Peter F. Weller8533122005
João B. Calixto8146023029
Frederic J. Seidler8037219564
João Santana da Silva8039919060
Deborah Carvalho Malta7770661000
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202334
2022250
20212,842
20202,942
20192,404
20182,302