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Institution

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

FacilityRio de Janeiro, Brazil
About: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation is a facility organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Trypanosoma cruzi. The organization has 18673 authors who have published 36752 publications receiving 802378 citations. The organization is also known as: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz & FIOCRUZ.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The high sensitivity of the approach enabled the detection of the parasite DNA in fecal samples containing as few as 2.4 eggs per gram of feces, which makes it 10 times more sensitive than the Kato-Katz examination.
Abstract: A novel method for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni in human samples that is based on the amplification of a highly repeated DNA sequence has been developed. By use of simple DNA extraction techniques and a rapid 2-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it was possible to amplify S. mansoni DNA in human fecal and serum samples. The high sensitivity of the approach enabled the detection of the parasite DNA in fecal samples containing as few as 2.4 eggs per gram of feces, which makes it 10 times more sensitive than the Kato-Katz examination. A detection limit of I fg of Schistosoma sp. DNA was determined when pure DNA was used as PCR template. The amplification reaction showed to be specific giving no cross-reaction with DNA from other helminths. The PCR assay developed in this study may constitute a valuable alternative for the diagnosis of the Schistosoma sp. infection.

207 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A nationwide study to understand the reasons that lead pregnant women to submit to Caesarean sections and to verify any association between this type of birth and it’s consequences on postnatal health is conducted.
Abstract: Background: Caesarean section rates in Brazil have been steadily increasing. In 2009, for the first time, the number of children born by this type of procedure was greater than the number of vaginal births. Caesarean section is associated with a series of adverse effects on the women and newborn, and recent evidence suggests that the increasing rates of prematurity and low birth weight in Brazil are associated to the increasing rates of Caesarean section and labour induction. Methods: Nationwide hospital-based cohort study of postnatal women and their offspring with follow-up at 45 to 60 days after birth. The sample was stratified by geographic macro-region, type of the municipality and by type of hospital governance. The number of postnatal women sampled was 23,940, distributed in 191 municipalities throughout Brazil. Two electronic questionnaires were applied to the postnatal women, one baseline face-to-face and one follow-up telephone interview. Two other questionnaires were filled with information on patients’ medical records and to assess hospital facilities. The primary outcome was the percentage of Caesarean sections (total, elective and according to Robson’s groups). Secondary outcomes were: post-partum pain; breastfeeding initiation; severe/near miss maternal morbidity; reasons for maternal mortality; prematurity; low birth weight; use of oxygen use after birth and mechanical ventilation; admission to neonatal ICU; stillbirths; neonatal mortality; readmission in hospital; use of surfactant; asphyxia; severe/near miss neonatal morbidity. The association between variables were investigated using bivariate, stratified and multivariate model analyses. Statistical tests were applied according to data distribution and homogeneity of variances of groups to be compared. All analyses were taken into consideration for the complex sample design. Discussion: This study, for the first time, depicts a national panorama of labour and birth outcomes in Brazil. Regardless of the socioeconomic level, demand for Caesarean section appears to be based on the belief that the quality of obstetric care is closely associated to the technology used in labour and birth. Within this context, it was justified to conduct a nationwide study to understand the reasons that lead pregnant women to submit to Caesarean sections and to verify any association between this type of birth and it’s consequences on postnatal health.

206 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The premise of this paper is that comprehensive health care is a major component in the investigation and evaluation of health services and systems, structured as inter-organizational health care networks articulating clinical, functional, normative, and systemic dimensions in their operationalization.
Abstract: The premise of this paper is that comprehensive health care is a major component in the investigation and evaluation of health services and systems, structured as inter-organizational health care networks articulating clinical, functional, normative, and systemic dimensions in their operationalization and based on the understanding that no organization combines all the necessary resources and capabilities to solve the health problems of a population with its various life cycles. Given the complex nature of this "system without walls", eliminating barriers to access in the various health care levels in response to local and regional health, we take this opportunity to share a few "preliminary lessons" from our experience and from the literature on integrated health services which may interest researchers and managers concerned with the implementation of such services.

205 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Kin1 and Kin2 primers were shown to be suitable for the sensitive and type-specific diagnosis of African livestock trypanosome isolates through a single PCR even in the case of multi-taxa samples.

205 citations


Authors

Showing all 18833 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Douglas T. Golenbock12331761267
Guy A. Zimmerman10932839740
David Brown105125746827
Liam Smeeth10475353433
Ann M. Dvorak9943741073
David C. Spray9540028732
Theodore A. Slotkin8957530070
Fernando Q. Cunha8868231501
Mauro M. Teixeira8671331301
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli8634028233
Peter F. Weller8533122005
João B. Calixto8146023029
Frederic J. Seidler8037219564
João Santana da Silva8039919060
Deborah Carvalho Malta7770661000
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202334
2022250
20212,842
20202,942
20192,404
20182,302