Institution
Oxfam
Nonprofit•Oxford, United Kingdom•
About: Oxfam is a nonprofit organization based out in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Human rights & Poverty. The organization has 324 authors who have published 352 publications receiving 7359 citations. The organization is also known as: Oxfam International & Oxford Committee for Famine Relief.
Topics: Human rights, Poverty, Food security, Agriculture, Population
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Oxford1, World Animal Protection2, University of Cambridge3, University of East Anglia4, University of Leeds5, Oxfam6, Food and Agriculture Organization7, University of British Columbia8, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation9, University of Aberdeen10, CGIAR11, International Institute for Environment and Development12
TL;DR: Clearer understanding is needed of the premises underlying SI and how it relates to food-system priorities and climate change poses challenges to agriculture.
Abstract: Food security is high on the global policy agenda. Demand for food is increasing as populations grow and gain wealth to purchase more varied and resource-intensive diets. There is increased competition for land, water, energy, and other inputs into food production. Climate change poses challenges to agriculture, particularly in developing countries ( 1 ), and many current farming practices damage the environment and are a major source of greenhouse gases (GHG). In an increasingly globalized world, food insecurity in one region can have widespread political and economic ramifications ( 2 ).
1,309 citations
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TL;DR: The battlefield of knowledge and action for disaster risk reduction (DRR) is discussed, outlining the need for a more integrative process consisting of bottom-up and top-down actions, local and scientific knowledge, and a vast array of stakeholders.
Abstract: A large amount of studies have been produced on disaster-related issues over the last century of research, yet there continues to be gaps in translating knowledge into action. This paper discusses ...
416 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, both national and international policy responses to the rapid food price increases in 2007 and the first half of 2008 did little to address the very serious impacts on low-income urban dwellers.
Abstract: Both national and international policy responses to the rapid food price increases in 2007 and the first half of 2008 did little to address the very serious impacts on low-income urban dwellers. Th...
323 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual framework for analyzing pluralistic agricultural advisory services is proposed and the framework suggests an impact chain approach to analyze the performance and impact of advisory services and discusses theoretical and empirical research methods that can be used when applying the framework.
Abstract: The article provides a conceptual framework and discusses research methods for analyzing pluralistic agricultural advisory services. The framework can also assist policy-makers in identifying reform options. It addresses the following question: Which forms of providing and financing agricultural advisory services work best in which situation? The framework ‘disentangles’ agricultural advisory services by distinguishing between (1) governance structures, (2) capacity, (3) management, and (4) advisory methods. The framework suggests an impact chain approach to analyze the performance and impact of agricultural advisory services and discusses theoretical and empirical research methods that can be used when applying the framework. The framework shows that reforms of agricultural advisory services can combine different reform elements—such as decentralization, contracting out, using new advisory methods, and changing the management style—in different ways so as to best fit local circumstances. Using a...
245 citations
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TL;DR: The results are consistent with other studies that demonstrate substantial levels of faecal contamination of even safe water during collection, storage and access in the home, and point to the need to extend drinking water quality beyond the point of distribution to the Point of consumption.
Abstract: Paired water samples were collected and analysed for thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) from 20 sources (17 developed or rehabilitated by Oxfam and 3 others) and from the stored household water supplies of 100 households (5 from each source) in 13 towns and villages in the Kailahun District of Sierra Leone. In addition, the female head of the 85 households drawing water from Oxfam improved sources was interviewed and information recorded on demographics, hygiene instruction and practices, sanitation facilities and water collection and storage practices. At the non-improved sources, the arithmetic mean TTC load was 407/100 ml at the point of distribution, rising to a mean count of 882/100 ml at the household level. Water from the improved sources met WHO guidelines, with no faecal contamination. At the household level, however, even this safe water was subject to frequent and extensive faecal contamination; 92.9% of stored household samples contained some level of TTC, 76.5% contained more than the 10 TTC per 100 ml threshold set by the Sphere Project for emergency conditions. The arithmetic mean TTC count for all samples from the sampled households was 244 TTC per 100 ml (geometric mean was 77). These results are consistent with other studies that demonstrate substantial levels of faecal contamination of even safe water during collection, storage and access in the home. They point to the need to extend drinking water quality beyond the point of distribution to the point of consumption. The options for such extended protection, including improved collection and storage methods and household-based water treatment, are discussed.
221 citations
Authors
Showing all 324 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Rosina Girones | 55 | 154 | 10590 |
Melinda Smale | 45 | 248 | 7101 |
James L. Garrett | 25 | 62 | 3765 |
Jesus Rodriguez-Manzano | 25 | 68 | 2261 |
Anna Carratalà | 22 | 31 | 1347 |
Byron Calgua | 17 | 19 | 1662 |
Marc J. Cohen | 17 | 48 | 1476 |
Jessica Mercer | 16 | 22 | 1616 |
Helen Young | 16 | 42 | 944 |
Caroline Sweetman | 13 | 36 | 583 |
R.L. Roothaert | 13 | 22 | 613 |
Sara Bice | 13 | 34 | 795 |
Ranjana Das | 12 | 62 | 432 |
Monica K. Kansiime | 12 | 29 | 655 |
John Magrath | 12 | 17 | 398 |