Showing papers by "Pacific Northwest National Laboratory published in 1969"
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (HPEHP) was purified by extracting Cu(II) into a solution of HDEHP and precipitating the resulting salt with acetone.
202 citations
TL;DR: Tissues from cold-acclimated fish oxidized acetate and palmitate more rapidly than tissues from warm-acClimated fish, and the rate of conversion of acetate to 14 CO 2 increased with incubation temperature, up to temperatures as high as 38°C.
84 citations
63 citations
TL;DR: The formation and stability of voids introduced in high purity nickel by irradiation with neutrons in the temperature range 50 to 575 °C has been studied in this paper, where the authors showed that voids formed in the nickel irradiated at temperatures > 260 °C coarsen during isothermal annealing at 600 °C by the process of large voids growing at the expense of smaller voids.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a temperature change test was used to determine the temperature dependence of τ ∗ on individual specimens, the temperature at which τ∗ becomes zero, and absolute values of τ ∼ 0.
39 citations
TL;DR: A multidimensional gamma-ray spectrometer detector system has been developed which employs two 23 cm dia. by 20 cm thick NaI(Tl) cyrstals as its principal detectors as mentioned in this paper.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase diagram of the curium-oxygen system is proposed, characterized by two intermediate phases occurring at CmO1·72 and Cm O1·82.
31 citations
TL;DR: Research being conducted on salmonid fishes at the Hanford nuclear complex on the Columbia River is discussed, including studies of thermal effects on reproduction and behavior.
Abstract: Some current research being conducted on salmonid fishes at the Hanford nuclear complex on the Columbia River is discussed. Studies of thermal effects on reproduction and behavior include a 20-year annual census of spawning chinook salmon near reactor discharges, laboratory experiments on incubation and rearing success at elevated temperatures, studies of equilibrium loss prior to thermal death at lethal temperatures, tests of relative predation rates upon thermally shocked and normal young salmonids, and tracking sonic tagged adults to determine migration behavior near thermal outfalls.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a short series of tests were conducted to determine whether ground level point sources at the upwind stagnation point of a large building yielded peak-to-mean concentration ratios that were significantly different than those observed for ground-level point sources in unobstructed flow.
28 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the sequence of frequency distributions including the Poisson, negative binomial, and logarithmic may serve as useful standards for intercomparing the many measures of diversity in use of proposed.
Abstract: It is suggested that the sequence of frequency distributions including the Poisson, negative binomial, and logarithmic may serve as useful standards for intercomparing the many measures of diversity in use of proposed. MacArthur's "broken—stick" model is shown to fall essentially into this sequence.
26 citations
TL;DR: The tensile properties of 304 stainless steel were investigated after irradiation in the EBR-II to 1.1 × 1022 n/cm2 (E > 0.1 MeV) at 540 ± 50 °C as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dimensional-change data for all graphite types may be separated into two bands, the first band represents data for samples irradiated in the temperature range 300°-800°C.
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison between two methods of imaging ultrasound by holography with reconstruction in light is made, and it is shown that the sensitivity of the scanned hologram method greatly exceeds that of the liquid surface method.
Abstract: A comparison is made between two methods of imaging ultrasound by holography with reconstruction in light. One method employs a scanned acoustical receiver, an electronic reference, and a modulated light source which is moved in synchronism with the acoustical receiver. A photographic transparency is produced which serves as the hologram for reconstruction of the acoustic field in the optical domain. A second method employs a liquid surface to record the acoustical hologram of transilluminated objects. Reflection of quasicoherent light from the hologram produces real-time acoustical imaging. The interaction of ultrasound and light with the liquid surface is discussed. Examples of images produced by both methods confirm that both are capable of achieving the resolution expected on the basis of the wavelengths and hologram apertures used. The sensitivity of the scanned hologram method greatly exceeds that of the liquid surface method but this advantage is offset by the capability for real-time imaging of the liquid surface method.
TL;DR: Cold-acclimated trout had a higher level of incorporation of 14 C-leucine into total liver protein than did warm-ACclimated fish and there was a decreased secretory rate in the cold-acClimated fish.
TL;DR: The reaction of boronated graphite with water vapor occurs by two consecutive reactions in the temperature range 830°-930°, namely B4C+6H2D → 2B2O3 + C + 6H2 (1) and B2O 3 + H2O → 2HBO2 (2).
TL;DR: In this article, a multiple foil activation iterative method has been used to experimentally determine neutron flux spectra in various types of neutron environments, which involves irradiation of a set of diff...
Abstract: A multiple foil activation iterative method has been used to experimentally determine neutron flux spectra in various types of neutron environments. The method involves irradiation of a set of diff...
TL;DR: Wound repair in A. oregonensis differed from that in vertebrates and most invertebrates by the lack of a pronounced cellular response, but the general process of healing was similar to that found in most vertebrate and other invertebrate species.
TL;DR: In this article, a high-energy resolution spectrometer was used to obtain the double differential scattering cross sections over a wide range of energy and momentum transfers for the liquid and solid phases of H2O.
Abstract: The results of an extensive slow neutron inelastic scattering study of H2O at 268° and 299°K are reported. A high‐energy resolution spectrometer was used to obtain the double differential scattering cross sections over a wide range of energy and momentum transfers. Energy transfers to 0.6 eV and momentum wavevector transfers (k = ΔP / ℏ) to 32 A−1 were measured for the liquid and solid phases of H2O. The differential cross sections exhibit considerable structure corresponding to hindered rotational motions of the H2O molecule as well as the intramolecular bending and stretching modes of vibration. In the case of ice the angular dependence of the scattering under the hindered rotation band is in good first‐order agreement with the distribution calculated for a proton assumed to be bound in an isotropic elastic force field. The scattering properties of water and ice are presented in terms of the scattering law. In the latter form the results are compared to the calculated scattering using the McMurry–Russel...
TL;DR: In this article, the length of polycrystalline graphite samples was measured as a function of temperature while cycling from 1000° to 2400°C, and the results were discussed in terms of one dimensional models which allow simulation of crystallite cracking during cool down.
TL;DR: In this article, a slip band geometry analysis of the active systems in the irradiated iron was performed and it was shown to be consistent with slip on {110} and {112} planes in a 〈111〉 direction, in contrast to dense tangles and cell walls which develop in unirradiated iron deformed to a comparable strain.
Abstract: Dislocation channelling in iron irradiated to a fast fluence of 8 × 1019 n/cm2 (E > 1 Mev) is shown to be visible by virtue of dislocation arrays densely packed on slip planes. Such highly localized deformation in irradiated iron is shown to be in marked contrast to the dense tangles and cell walls which develop in unirradiated iron deformed to a comparable strain. Analysis of the slip band geometry shows the active systems in the irradiated iron to be consistent with slip on {110} and {112} planes in a 〈111〉 direction.
TL;DR: With “metabolic body size” (weight to the three-fourths power) as a scaling-variable, the ratio of retention times in pairs of mammalian species is shown to have a common pattern for several radionuclides.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of externally applied hydrostatic pressures from 0-1000 bar at 900 °C on the fission gas induced swelling in uranium has been studied and the mechanism of pressure reduced swelling is discussed in terms of the equilibrium number of vacancies that can be associated with Fission gas atoms under stress.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that NTA is superior to EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) or DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid), the complexing agents previously used, for kilogram-scale ion exchange purification of promethium.
TL;DR: In this article, a method has been developed for generating damage functions for the correlation and prediction of neutron-induced property changes for ductile-brittle transition temperature increase data obtained in different test-reactor spectra.
Abstract: A method has been developed for generating damage functions for the correlation and prediction of neutron-induced property changes. The method affords a procedure for studying and determining the neutron spectral dependence of irradiation-effects data obtained in test reactors withh subsequent application of results to the establishment of more exact engineering design fluence limits for reactor components. The method has been applied to ductile-brittle transition temperature increase data obtained in different test-reactor spectra. Results show that neutrons of all energies must be included for best overall interpretation of the experimental irradiation effects data.
TL;DR: In this paper, a sensing system using shear-wave sensors in the frequency range 1.5-2.5MHz can detect acoustic emission in the presence of turbulent flow and cavitation noise, at distances of at least 3ft (1m) from the signal source.
Abstract: The acoustic emission produced as metals deform and fracture can be used to monitor the integrity of nuclear reactor pressure boundaries, as long as the emission data can be separated from background noise. Tests have shown that a sensing system using shear-wave sensors in the frequency range 1.5–2.5MHz can detect acoustic emission in the presence of turbulent flow and cavitation noise, and at distances of at least 3ft (1m) from the signal source. Further work is needed to improve the sensing technique, establish the maximum distance at which an emission signal can be reliably detected, and adapt the technique for practical use.
TL;DR: Boron 10 absorption cross sections from counting ratios measurements of boron trifluoride proportional counter used to monitor neutron fluxes as mentioned in this paper, which is used for counting ratios measurement.