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Institution

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

FacilityRichland, Washington, United States
About: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Richland, Washington, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Aerosol. The organization has 11581 authors who have published 27934 publications receiving 1120489 citations. The organization is also known as: PNL & PNNL.
Topics: Catalysis, Aerosol, Mass spectrometry, Population, Ion


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the grain boundary distributions were analyzed with special emphasis on grain boundary character along intergranular stress corrosion cracks and at crack arrest points, and it was established that only coherent twin Σ3 boundaries could be considered as special boundaries with regard to crack resistance.

335 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the long-term dynamics in quality and quantity of black carbon were investigated in cultivated soil using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques.
Abstract: Black carbon (BC) is a quantitatively important C pool in the global C cycle due to its relative recalcitrance compared with other C pools. However, mechanisms of BC oxidation and accompanying molecular changes are largely unknown. In this study, the long-term dynamics in quality and quantity of BC were investigated in cultivated soil using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. BC particles and changes in BC stocks were obtained from soil collected in fields that were cleared from forest by fire at 8 different times in the past (2, 3, 5, 20, 30, 50, 80 and 100 years before sampling) in western Kenya. BC contents rapidly decreased from 12.7 to 3.8 mg C g−1 soil during the first 30 years following deposition, after which they slowly decreased to a steady state at 3.5 mg C g−1 soil. BC-derived C losses from the top 0.1 m over 100 years were estimated at 6,000 kg C ha−1. The initial rapid changes in BC stocks resulted in a mean residence time of only around 8.3 years, which was likely a function of both decomposition as well as transport processes. The molecular properties of BC changed more rapidly on surfaces than in the interior of BC particles and more rapidly during the first 30 years than during the following 70 years. The Oc/C ratios (Oc is O bound to C) and carbonyl groups (C=O) increased over the first 10 and 30 years by 133 and 192%, respectively, indicating oxidation was an important process controlling BC quality. Al, Si, polysaccharides, and to a lesser extent Fe were found on BC particle surfaces within the first few years after BC deposition to soil. The protection by physical and chemical stabilization was apparently sufficient to not only minimize decomposition below detection between 30 and 100 years after deposition, but also physical export by erosion and vertical transport below 0.1 m.

335 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics for identification, characterization, and quantification of proteins that are integral components of the processes essential for life, such as the phosphoproteome, proteoglycome, or degradome/peptidome.
Abstract: Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is emerging as a broadly effective means for identification, characterization, and quantification of proteins that are integral components of the processes essential for life. Characterization of proteins at the proteome and sub-proteome (e.g., the phosphoproteome, proteoglycome, or degradome/peptidome) levels provides a foundation for understanding fundamental aspects of biology. Emerging technologies such as ion mobility separations coupled with MS and microchip-based-proteome measurements combined with MS instrumentation and chromatographic separation techniques, such as nanoscale reversed phase liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, show great promise for both broad undirected and targeted highly sensitive measurements. MS-based proteomics increasingly contribute to our understanding of the dynamics, interactions, and roles that proteins and peptides play, advancing our understanding of biology on a systems wide level for a wide range of applications including investigations of microbial communities, bioremediation, and human health.

334 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The final results of the Phase II SIMPLE measurements are reported, comprising two run stages of 15 superheated droplet detectors each, with the second stage including an improved neutron shielding and revised nucleation efficiency based on a reanalysis of previously reported monochromatic neutron irradiations.
Abstract: We report the final results of the Phase II SIMPLE measurements, comprising two run stages of 15 superheated droplet detectors each, with the second stage including an improved neutron shielding. The analyses include a refined signal analysis, and revised nucleation efficiency based on a reanalysis of previously reported monochromatic neutron irradiations. The combined results yield a contour minimum

334 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a cobalt-based bimetallic transition metal phosphide encapsulated in carbonized zeolitic imadazolate frameworks has been successfully synthesized and showed excellent activities toward both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction.
Abstract: Cobalt-based bimetallic phosphide encapsulated in carbonized zeolitic imadazolate frameworks has been successfully synthesized and showed excellent activities toward both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Density functional theory calculation and electrochemical measurements reveal that the electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity are closely associated with the Co2P/CoP mixed phase behaviors upon Cu metal doping. This relationship is found to be the decisive factor for enhanced electrocatalytic performance. Moreover, the precise control of Cu content in Co-host lattice effectively alters the Gibbs free energy for H* adsorption, which is favorable for facilitating reaction kinetics. Impressively, an optimized performance has been achieved with mild Cu doping in Cu0.3Co2.7P/nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) which exhibits an ultralow overpotential of 0.19 V at 10 mA cm–2 and satisfying stability for OER. Cu0.3Co2.7P/NC also shows excellent HER activity, affording a current density of 10 mA cm–2 at a low overpotential of 0.22 V. In addition, a homemade electrolyzer with Cu0.3Co2.7P/NC paired electrodes shows 60% larger current density than Pt/RuO2 couple at 1.74 V, along with negligible catalytic deactivation after 50 h operation. The manipulation of electronic structure by controlled incorporation of second metal sheds light on understanding and synthesizing bimetallic transition metal phosphides for electrolysis-based energy conversion.

333 citations


Authors

Showing all 11848 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yi Cui2201015199725
Derek R. Lovley16858295315
Xiaoyuan Chen14999489870
Richard D. Smith140118079758
Taeghwan Hyeon13956375814
Jun Liu13861677099
Federico Capasso134118976957
Jillian F. Banfield12756260687
Mary M. Horowitz12755756539
Frederick R. Appelbaum12767766632
Matthew Jones125116196909
Rainer Storb12390558780
Zhifeng Ren12269571212
Wei Chen122194689460
Thomas E. Mallouk12254952593
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023130
2022459
20211,793
20201,795
20191,598
20181,619