Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

About: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Richland, Washington, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Aerosol. The organization has 11581 authors who have published 27934 publications receiving 1120489 citations. The organization is also known as: PNL & PNNL.

Catalysis without precious metals

Abstract: Preface CATALYSIS INVOLVING THE H*TRANSFER REACTIONS OF FIRST-ROW TRANSITION METALS H*Transfer Between M-H Bonds and Organic Radicals H*Transfer Between Ligands and Organic Radicals H*Transfer Between M-H and C-C Bonds Chain Transfer Catalysis Catalysis of Radical Cyclizations Competing Methods for the Cyclization of Dienes Summary and Conclusions CATALYYTIC REDUCTION OF DINITROGEN TO AMMONIA BY MOLYBDENUM Introduction Some Characteristics of Triamidoamine Complexes Possible [HIPTN3N]Mo Intermediates in a Catalytic Reduction of Molecular Nitrogen Interconversion of Mo(NH3) and Mo(N2) Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen MoH and Mo(H2) Ligand and Metal Variations Comments MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGENATION, HYDROSILYLATION AND HYDROLYSIS Introduction Proton Transfer Reactions of Metal Hydrides Hydride Transfer Reactdions of Metal Hydrides Stoichiometric Hydride Transfer Reactivity of Anionic Metal Hydride Complexes Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ketones with Anionic Metal Hydrides Ionic Hydrogenation of Ketones Using Metal Hydrides and Added Acid Ionic Hydrogenations from Dihydrides: Delivery of the Proton and Hydride from One Metal Catalytic Ionic Hydrogenations With Mo and W Catalysts Mo Phosphine Catalysts With Improved Lifetimes Tungsten Hydrogenation Catalysts with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Catalysts for Hydrosilylation of Ketones Cp2Mo Catalysts for Hydrolysis, Hydrogenations and Hydrations Conclusion MODERN ALCHEMY: REPLACING PRECIOUS METALS WITH IRON IN CATALYTIC ALKENE AND CARBONYL HYDROGENATION REACTIONS Introduction Alkene Hydrogenation Carbonyl Hydrogenation Outlook OLEFIN OOLIGOMERIZATIONS AND POLYMERIZATIONS CATALYZED BY IRON AND COBALT COMPLEXES BEARING BIS(IMINO)PYRIDINE LIGANDS Introduction Precatalyst Synthesis Precatalyst Activation and Catalysis The Active Catalyst and Mechanism Other Applications Conclusions and Outlook COBALT AND NICKEL CATALYZED REACTIONS INVOLVING C-H AND C-N ACTIVATION REACTIONS Introduction Catalysis with Cobalt Catalysis with Nickel A MODULAR APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR H2 OXIDATION AND PRODUCTION BASED ON INEXPENSIVE METALS Introduction Concepts in Catalyst Design Based on Structural Studies of Hydrogenase Enzymes A Layered or Modular Approach to Catalyst Design Using the First Coordination Sphere to Control the Energies of Catalytic Intermediates Using the Second Coordination Sphere to Control the Movement of Protons between the Metal and the Exterior of the Molecular Catalyst Integration of the First and Second Coordination Spheres Summary NICKEL-CATALYZED REDUCTIVE COUPLINGS AND CYCLIZATIONS Introduction Couplings of Alkynes with alpha, beta-Unsaturated Carbonyls Couplings of Alkynes with Aldehydes Conclusions and Outlook COPPER-CATALYZED LIGAND PROMOTED ULLMANN-TYPE COUPLING REACTIONS Introduction C-N Bond Formation C-O Bond Formation C-C Bond Formation C-S Bond Formation C-P Bond Formation Conclusion COPPER-CATALYZED LIGAND PROMOTED ULLMANN-TYPE COUPLING REACTIONS Introduction C-N Bond Formation C-O Bond Formation C-C Bond Formation C-S Bond Formation C-P Bond Formation Conclusion COPPER-CATALYZED AZIDE-ALKYNE CYCLOADDITION (CuAAC) Introduction Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition: Basics Copper-Catalyzed Cycloadditions "FRUSTRATED LEWIS PAIRS": A METAL-FREE STRATEGY FOR HYDROGENATION CATALYSIS Phosphine-Borane Activation of H2 "Frustrated Lewis Pairs" Metal-Free Catalytic Hydrogenation Future Considerations

Bismuth nanoparticle decorating graphite felt as a high-performance electrode for an all-vanadium redox flow battery.

Abstract: Employing electrolytes containing Bi3+, bismuth nanoparticles are synchronously electrodeposited onto the surface of a graphite felt electrode during operation of an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The influence of the Bi nanoparticles on the electrochemical performance of the VRFB is thoroughly investigated. It is confirmed that Bi is only present at the negative electrode and facilitates the redox reaction between V(II) and V(III). However, the Bi nanoparticles significantly improve the electrochemical performance of VRFB cells by enhancing the kinetics of the sluggish V(II)/V(III) redox reaction, especially under high power operation. The energy efficiency is increased by 11% at high current density (150 mA·cm–2) owing to faster charge transfer as compared with one without Bi. The results suggest that using Bi nanoparticles in place of noble metals offers great promise as high-performance electrodes for VRFB application.

Potential for carbon dioxide sequestration in flood basalts

Abstract: [1] Flood basalts are a potentially important host medium for geologic sequestration of anthropogenic CO2. Most lava flows have flow tops that are porous and permeable and have enormous capacity for storage of CO2. Interbedded sediment layers and dense low-permeability basalt rock overlying sequential flows may act as effective seals allowing time for mineralization reactions to occur. Laboratory experiments confirm relatively rapid chemical reaction of CO2-saturated pore water with basalts to form stable carbonate minerals. Calculations suggest a sufficiently short time frame for onset of carbonate precipitation after CO2 injection that verification of in situ mineralization rates appears feasible in field pilot studies. If proven viable, major flood basalts in the United States and India would provide significant additional CO2 storage capacity and additional geologic sequestration options in certain regions where more conventional storage options are limited.